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NOTE 1—ORGANIZATION
Company Overview
HSN, Inc. ("HSNi") is an interactive multi-channel retailer that markets and sells a wide range of third party and private label merchandise directly to consumers through various platforms including (i) television home shopping programming broadcast on the HSN television networks; (ii) catalogs, which consist primarily of the Cornerstone portfolio of leading print catalogs which includes Frontgate, Ballard Designs, Garnet Hill, Smith+Noble, The Territory Ahead, TravelSmith and Improvements; (iii) websites, which consist primarily of HSN.com and the seven branded websites operated by Cornerstone; (iv) retail and outlet stores; and (v) mobile handheld devices. HSNi's television home shopping business, related e-commerce and retail and outlet stores are referred to herein as "HSN" and all catalog operations, including related e-commerce and stores, are collectively referred to herein as "Cornerstone."
HSN offerings primarily consist of jewelry, fashion (apparel & accessories), beauty & wellness, and home & other (including housewares, home fashions, electronics, fitness and other). Merchandise offered by Cornerstone primarily consists of home furnishings (including indoor/outdoor furniture, window treatments and other home related goods) and apparel & accessories.
Basis of Presentation
HSNi was incorporated in Delaware in May 2008 in connection with the spin-off of several businesses previously owned by IAC/InterActiveCorp, or IAC. The spin-off from IAC occurred August 20, 2008 concurrent with the spin-offs from IAC of Interval Leisure Group, Inc., Ticketmaster Entertainment, Inc. (now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Live Nation, Inc.), and Tree.com, Inc. Throughout these financial statements, the separation transaction is referred to as the "Spin-off" and each of these companies as "Spincos." In connection with the Spin-off, HSNi's shares began trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "HSNI."
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of HSNi's management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with HSNi's audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2010. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2010 and the consolidated statement of shareholders' equity for the year ended December 31, 2010 were derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but may not include all disclosures required by GAAP. Intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications were made to prior period amounts in the consolidated statements of operations and cash flows to conform to the current year presentation.
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NOTE 2—SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Accounting Estimates
HSNi's management is required to make certain estimates and assumptions during the preparation of its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. These estimates and assumptions impact the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. They also impact the reported amount of net earnings during any period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. In the opinion of HSNi's management, the assumptions underlying these interim unaudited financial statements are reasonable.
Significant estimates underlying the accompanying consolidated financial statements include: the determination of the lower of cost or market adjustment for inventory; sales returns and other revenue allowances; the allowance for doubtful accounts; the recoverability of long-lived and intangible assets; the determination of deferred income taxes, including related valuation allowances; the accrual for actual, pending or threatened litigation, claims and assessments; and assumptions related to the determination of stock-based compensation.
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NOTE 3—PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
The balance of property and equipment, net, is as follows (in thousands):
| March 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
March 31, 2010 |
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Capitalized software |
$ | 211,988 | $ | 211,816 | $ | 194,827 | ||||||
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Computer and broadcast equipment |
93,122 | 93,284 | 88,053 | |||||||||
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Buildings and leasehold improvements |
90,297 | 90,417 | 82,512 | |||||||||
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Furniture and other equipment |
72,627 | 72,726 | 67,654 | |||||||||
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Projects in progress |
5,840 | 3,825 | 12,835 | |||||||||
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Land and land improvements |
10,921 | 10,922 | 11,861 | |||||||||
| 484,795 | 482,990 | 457,742 | ||||||||||
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Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(334,228 | ) | (328,003 | ) | (305,697 | ) | ||||||
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Total property and equipment, net |
$ | 150,567 | $ | 154,987 | $ | 152,045 | ||||||
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NOTE 4—SEGMENT INFORMATION
HSNi has determined to represent its operating segments and related financial information in a manner consistent with how the chief operating decision maker and executive management view the businesses, how the businesses are organized as to segment management, and the focus of the businesses with regards to the types of products or services offered or the target market. HSNi has two operating segments, HSN and Cornerstone. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in HSNi's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
HSNi's primary metric is Adjusted EBITDA, which is defined as operating income excluding, if applicable: (1) non-cash charges including: (a) stock-based compensation expense, (b) amortization of intangibles, (c) depreciation and gains and losses on asset dispositions, and (d) goodwill, long-lived asset and intangible asset impairments; (2) pro forma adjustments for significant acquisitions; and (3) one-time items. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure determined in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for operating income, net income or any other measure determined in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA is used as a measurement of operating efficiency and overall financial performance and HSNi believes it to be a helpful measure for those evaluating companies in the retail and media industries. Adjusted EBITDA measures the amount of income generated each period that could be used to service debt, pay taxes and fund capital expenditures. Adjusted EBITDA has certain limitations in that it does not take into account the impact to HSNi's consolidated statements of operations of certain expenses, including stock-based compensation, amortization of intangibles, depreciation, gains and losses on asset dispositions, asset impairment charges, acquisition-related accounting expenses and one-time items.
The following tables reconcile Adjusted EBITDA to operating income (loss) for HSNi's operating segments and to HSNi's consolidated net income (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| HSN | Cornerstone | Total | HSN | Cornerstone | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 52,197 | $ | 5,082 | $ | 57,279 | $ | 50,314 | $ | 1,478 | $ | 51,792 | ||||||||||||
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Stock-based compensation expense |
(4,176 | ) | (2,151 | ) | (6,327 | ) | (3,271 | ) | (1,072 | ) | (4,343 | ) | ||||||||||||
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Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets |
(7,198 | ) | (2,206 | ) | (9,404 | ) | (7,746 | ) | (2,205 | ) | (9,951 | ) | ||||||||||||
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Loss on disposition of fixed assets |
(54 | ) | (204 | ) | (258 | ) | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||
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Operating income (loss) |
$ | 40,769 | $ | 521 | 41,290 | $ | 39,295 | $ | (1,800 | ) | 37,495 | |||||||||||||
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Other expense, net |
(7,959 | ) | (8,309 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Income before income taxes |
33,331 | 29,186 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Income tax provision |
(13,050 | ) | (11,533 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Net income |
$ | 20,281 | $ | 17,653 | ||||||||||||||||||||
The net sales for each of HSNi's reportable segments are as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
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| 2011 | 2010 | |||||||
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Net sales: |
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HSN |
$ | 526,175 | $ | 518,919 | ||||
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Cornerstone |
197,807 | 164,294 | ||||||
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Total |
$ | 723,982 | $ | 683,213 | ||||
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NOTE 5—STOCK-BASED AWARDS
The Second Amended and Restated 2008 Stock and Annual Incentive Plan, as amended (the "Plan"), authorizes the issuance of 8.0 million shares of HSNi common stock for new awards granted by HSNi. The purpose of the Plan is to assist HSNi in attracting, retaining and motivating officers, employees, directors and consultants, and to provide HSNi with the ability to provide incentives more directly linked to the profitability of HSNi's business and increases in shareholder value. As of March 31, 2011, there were approximately 3.0 million shares of common stock available for grants under the Plan.
HSNi can grant restricted stock units ("RSUs"), stock options, stock appreciation rights ("SARs") and other stock-based awards under the Plan. Stock-based awards have a maximum term of 10 years. The exercise price of options and SARs granted under the Plan are required to be priced at or above the fair market value of HSNi's stock on the date of grant.
During the three months ended March 31, 2011, HSNi granted approximately 270,000 RSUs and 348,000 SARs. The RSUs have a weighted average fair value of $29.75 and they primarily vest after three years. The SARs have a weighted average exercise price of $29.72, have a fair value of $12.84 and primarily vest ratably over three years. The following are the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value SARs for the three months ended March 31, 2011: volatility factor of 46.51%, risk-free interest rate of 2.33%, expected term of 5 years and a dividend yield of zero.
During the first quarter of 2010, HSNi implemented a performance-based equity compensation program for certain key members of Cornerstone's management. The amount payable is based on the extent to which certain pre-established performance goals for Cornerstone are achieved during the three-year period ending December 31, 2012. The amount earned pursuant to the award will be measured at the end of the requisite service period and is expected to be settled in shares of HSNi common stock. These equity awards are accounted for as liabilities which are remeasured each reporting period based on the probability of achievement of the performance conditions. As of March 31, 2011, a liability of approximately $5.9 million was recorded for these awards.
Stock-based compensation expense is included in the following line items in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
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| 2011 | 2010 | |||||||
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Selling and marketing |
$ | 942 | $ | 828 | ||||
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General and administrative |
5,083 | 3,258 | ||||||
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Production and programming |
302 | 257 | ||||||
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Stock-based compensation expense before income taxes |
6,327 | 4,343 | ||||||
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Income tax benefit |
(2,128 | ) | (1,574 | ) | ||||
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Stock-based compensation expense after income taxes |
$ | 4,199 | $ | 2,769 | ||||
As of March 31, 2011, there was approximately $29.9 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to all equity-based awards, which is currently expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.0 years.
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NOTE 6—INCOME TAXES
HSNi calculates its interim income tax provision in accordance with the accounting guidance for income taxes in interim periods. At the end of each interim period, HSNi makes its best estimate of the annual expected effective tax rate and applies that rate to its ordinary year-to-date income or loss. The tax or benefit related to significant, unusual, or extraordinary items that will be separately reported or reported net of their related tax effect are individually computed and recognized in the interim period in which those items occur.
In addition, the effect of changes in enacted tax laws or rates, tax status, or judgment on the realizability of a beginning-of-the-year deferred tax asset in future years is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs.
The computation of the annual expected effective tax rate at each interim period requires certain estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, the expected operating income for the year, permanent and temporary differences, and the likelihood of recovering deferred tax assets generated in the current year. The accounting estimates used to compute the provision for income taxes may change as new events occur, more experience is acquired, additional information is obtained or the tax environment changes. To the extent that the estimated annual effective tax rate changes during a quarter, the effect of the change on prior quarters is included in tax expense for the current quarter.
For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, HSNi recorded a tax provision of $13.1 million and $11.5 million, respectively, which represents effective tax rates of 39.2% and 39.5%, respectively. The effective tax rates exceed the federal statutory rate of 35.0% due principally to the effect of state income taxes.
As a result of the Spin-off, HSNi entered into a Tax Sharing Agreement with IAC in which, among other things, each of the Spincos indemnified IAC and the other Spincos for any taxes resulting from the Spin-off of such Spinco (and any related interest, penalties, legal and professional fees, and all costs and damages associated with related shareholder litigation or controversies) to the extent such amounts result from (i) any act or failure to act by such Spinco described in the covenants in the Tax Sharing Agreement, (ii) any acquisition of equity securities or assets of such Spinco or a member of its group, and (iii) any breach by such Spinco or any member of its group of any representation or covenant contained in the separation documents or in the documents relating to the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") private letter ruling and/or tax opinions. In the event an adjustment with respect to a pre-Spin-off period for which IAC is responsible results in a tax benefit to HSNi in a post-Spin-off period, HSNi will be required to pay such tax benefit to IAC. In general, IAC controls all audits and administrative matters and other tax proceedings relating to the consolidated federal income tax return of the IAC group and any other tax returns for which the IAC group is responsible. The provisions set forth in the Tax Sharing Agreement could subject HSNi to future tax contingencies.
The IRS has begun an examination of one of HSNi's subsidiary entities for the post-Spin-off period ended December 31, 2008. We do not anticipate any material adjustments to our tax liability resulting from this examination.
The IRS has completed its review of the IAC consolidated tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2001 through 2003, which includes the operations of HSNi. The proposed settlement for these years has been submitted to the Joint Committee of Taxation for approval. The IRS is currently examining the IAC consolidated tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2004 through 2006. The statute of limitations for the years 2001 through 2006 has been extended to December 31, 2012. Various IAC consolidated tax returns filed with state, local and foreign jurisdictions are currently under examination, the most significant of which are California, New York and New York City, for various tax years after December 31, 2003. By virtue of the Tax Sharing Agreement with IAC, HSNi is indemnified with respect to additional tax liabilities for consolidated or combined federal tax returns prepared and filed by IAC prior to the Spin-off, but is liable for any additional tax liabilities for HSNi separately filed state income tax returns.
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NOTE 8—LONG-TERM DEBT
The balance of long-term debt, including current maturities, is as follows (in thousands):
| March 31, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
March 31, 2010 |
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Secured credit agreement expiring July 25, 2013: |
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Term loan |
$ | 69,841 | $ | 69,841 | $ | 95,238 | ||||||
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Revolving credit facility |
— | — | — | |||||||||
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11.25% Senior Notes due August 1, 2016; interest payable each February 1st and August 1st |
240,000 | 240,000 | 240,000 | |||||||||
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Unamortized original issue discount on Senior Notes |
(1,035 | ) | (1,083 | ) | (1,229 | ) | ||||||
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Total long-term debt |
308,806 | 308,758 | 334,009 | |||||||||
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Less: current maturities |
(11,640 | ) | (5,820 | ) | (6,349 | ) | ||||||
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Long-term debt, net of current maturities |
$ | 297,166 | $ | 302,938 | $ | 327,660 | ||||||
On July 25, 2008, HSNi entered into a secured credit agreement with a syndicate of banks relating to a $150 million term loan and a $150 million revolving credit facility, each having a five-year maturity. Certain HSNi subsidiaries have unconditionally guaranteed HSNi's obligations under the credit agreement, which is secured by substantially all of HSNi's assets. The credit agreement bears interest based on HSNi's financial leverage and, as of March 31, 2011, the term loan interest rate was equal to LIBOR plus 2.00% (2.25%). The credit agreement contains two principal financial covenants consisting of a maximum leverage ratio, as defined in the credit agreement, of 2.75x and a minimum interest coverage ratio, as defined in the credit agreement, of 3.00x, among other covenants. HSNi was in compliance with all such covenants as of March 31, 2011, with a leverage ratio of 1.18x and an interest coverage ratio of 8.85x. The amount available to HSNi under the credit agreement is reduced by the amount of commercial and standby letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility portion of the agreement. As of March 31, 2011, there were $26.0 million of outstanding commercial and standby letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility. The ability to draw funds under the revolving credit facility is dependent upon meeting the aforementioned financial covenants, which may limit HSNi's ability to draw the full amount of the facility. As of March 31, 2011, the additional amount that could be borrowed under the revolving credit facility, in consideration of the financial covenants and outstanding letters of credit, was approximately $124.0 million. HSNi capitalized $7.3 million in financing costs related to the credit agreement and amortizes these costs to interest expense over the credit agreement's five-year life. The annual fee to maintain the revolving credit facility is 50 basis points on the revolving credit facility portion of the credit agreement.
On July 28, 2008, HSNi issued $240 million of 11.25% senior notes due 2016 (the "Senior Notes"). The Senior Notes are unsecured and subordinated to all of HSNi's secured debt. The Senior Notes were issued at a discount of $1.6 million which, along with other issuance expenses of $7.3 million, are being amortized to interest expense over the eight-year term of the Senior Notes.
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NOTE 9—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. HSNi applies the following framework for measuring fair value which is based on a three-level hierarchy:
Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
Level 2—Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment.
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these items. The following table summarizes the fair value of HSNi's financial assets and liabilities which are carried at cost (in thousands):
| March 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurement Category | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying Value |
Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||
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Senior Notes |
$ | 240,000 | $ | 270,600 | $ | 270,600 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
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Term Loan |
69,841 | 69,841 | — | — | 69,841 | |||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurement Category | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying Value |
Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||
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Senior Notes |
$ | 240,000 | $ | 273,900 | $ | 273,900 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
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Term Loan |
69,841 | 69,841 | — | — | 69,841 | |||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurement Category | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying Value |
Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||
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Senior Notes |
$ | 240,000 | $ | 270,000 | $ | 270,000 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
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Term Loan |
95,238 | 91,723 | — | — | 91,723 | |||||||||||||||
The fair value of the Senior Notes was based upon quoted market information (level 1 criteria) and the fair value of the term loan was based upon discounted cash flows (level 3 criteria).
HSNi measures certain assets, such as intangible assets and property and equipment, at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These assets are recognized at fair value if they are deemed to be impaired. During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and the year ended December 31, 2010, there were no assets that were required to be recorded at fair value as no impairment indicators were present.
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NOTE 10—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
In January 2010, one of HSNi's direct-to-consumer subsidiaries received a preliminary notification from a state taxing authority alleging that the subsidiary was required to collect and remit sales taxes for the period from September 2002 through August 2009. In October 2010, the state presented the subsidiary with an assessment relating to this matter. Additionally during 2010, the same taxing authority notified two other direct-to-consumer subsidiaries of its intent to conduct sales tax audits for the period from 2004 through 2010. HSNi does not believe that any of these subsidiaries were obligated to collect and remit such taxes, and intends to vigorously defend its position. At this time, no contingent liability has been recorded and no assurances can be given as to the outcome of this situation.
In the ordinary course of business, HSNi is a party to various audits and lawsuits. These audits or litigation may relate to claims involving property, personal injury, contract, intellectual property (including patent infringement), sales tax, regulatory compliance and other claims. HSNi establishes reserves for specific legal or tax compliance matters when it determines that the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is probable and the loss is reasonably estimable. Management has also identified certain other legal matters where it believes an unfavorable outcome is not probable and, therefore, no reserve is established. Although management currently believes that an unfavorable resolution of claims against HSNi, including claims where an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible, will not have a material impact on its liquidity, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows, these matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and management's view of these matters may change in the future and an unfavorable resolution of such a proceeding could have such a material impact. Moreover, any claims or regulatory actions against HSNi, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of management time and result in the diversion of significant operational resources.
HSNi also evaluates other contingent matters, including tax contingencies, to assess the probability and estimated extent of potential loss. See Note 6 for discussion related to income tax contingencies.