PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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Item 1:
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Financial Statements
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eBay Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
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December 31,
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September 30,
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2003
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2004
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(In thousands, except
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par value amounts)
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(Unaudited)
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ASSETS
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Current assets:
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Cash and cash equivalents
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$
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1,381,513
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$
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1,435,910
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Short-term investments
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340,576
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641,710
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Accounts receivable, net
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225,871
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306,671
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Funds receivable
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79,893
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156,356
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Restricted cash and investments
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14,859
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141,924
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Other current assets
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103,170
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246,452
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Total current assets
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2,145,882
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2,929,023
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Long-term investments
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934,171
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981,095
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Restricted cash and investments
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127,432
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1,280
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Property and equipment, net
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601,785
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682,022
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Goodwill
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1,719,311
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2,296,423
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Intangible assets, net
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274,057
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326,343
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Other assets
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17,496
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25,415
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$
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5,820,134
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$
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7,241,601
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS
EQUITY
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Current liabilities:
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Accounts payable
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$
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64,633
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$
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80,014
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Funds payable and amounts due to customers
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106,568
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252,792
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Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
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356,491
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381,616
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Deferred revenue and customer advances
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28,874
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43,377
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Short-term obligations
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2,840
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124,273
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Income taxes payable
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87,870
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94,350
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Total current liabilities
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647,276
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976,422
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Long-term obligations
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124,476
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443
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Deferred tax liabilities, net
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79,238
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133,513
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Other liabilities
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33,494
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36,519
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Minority interests
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39,408
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4,400
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Total liabilities
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923,892
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1,151,297
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Stockholders equity:
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Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 par
value; 10,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or
outstanding
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value;
1,790,000 shares authorized; 649,293 and
662,901 shares issued and outstanding
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649
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663
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Additional paid-in capital
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3,937,160
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4,556,913
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Unearned stock-based compensation
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(2,008
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)
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(5,422
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)
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Retained earnings
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856,245
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1,429,089
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Accumulated other comprehensive income
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104,196
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109,061
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Total stockholders equity
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4,896,242
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6,090,304
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$
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5,820,134
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$
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7,241,601
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these condensed consolidated financial statements.
1
eBay Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF
INCOME
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Three Months Ended
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Nine Months Ended
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September 30,
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September 30,
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2003
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2004
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2003
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2004
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(In thousands, except per share amounts)
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(Unaudited)
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Net revenues
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$
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530,942
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$
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805,876
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$
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1,516,703
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$
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2,335,527
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Cost of net revenues
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109,353
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157,121
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300,601
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438,010
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Gross profit
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421,589
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648,755
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1,216,102
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1,897,517
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Operating expenses:
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Sales and marketing
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136,408
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207,155
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394,784
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588,995
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Product development
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39,737
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63,403
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112,888
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176,079
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General and administrative
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74,238
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105,871
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206,714
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299,447
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Patent litigation expense
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29,965
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Payroll tax on employee stock options
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1,510
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1,957
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7,984
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12,289
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Amortization of acquired intangible assets
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13,824
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16,456
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37,668
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46,188
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Total operating expenses
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265,717
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394,842
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790,003
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1,122,998
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Income from operations
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155,872
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253,913
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426,099
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774,519
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Interest and other income, net
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7,806
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13,163
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26,419
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59,105
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Interest expense
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(2,267
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)
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(2,236
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)
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(2,335
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)
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(6,614
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)
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Impairment of certain equity investments
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(230
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)
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Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change, income taxes and minority interests
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161,411
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264,840
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449,953
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827,010
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Provision for income taxes
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(51,137
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)
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(80,749
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)
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(139,698
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)
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(248,103
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)
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Minority interests
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(1,611
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)
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(1,742
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)
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(5,533
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)
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(6,063
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)
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Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change
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108,663
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182,349
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304,722
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572,844
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Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax
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(5,413
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)
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(5,413
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)
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Net income
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$
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103,250
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$
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182,349
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$
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299,309
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$
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572,844
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Net income per basic share:
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Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change
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$
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0.17
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$
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0.28
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$
|
0.48
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|
|
$
|
0.87
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Cumulative effect of accounting change
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(0.01
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)
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|
|
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(0.01
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)
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Net income per basic share
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$
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0.16
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$
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0.28
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$
|
0.47
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$
|
0.87
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Net income per diluted share:
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Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change
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$
|
0.17
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$
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0.27
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$
|
0.47
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|
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$
|
0.84
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Cumulative effect of accounting change
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|
(0.01
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)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01
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)
|
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|
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Net income per diluted share
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$
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0.16
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$
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0.27
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$
|
0.46
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|
$
|
0.84
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Weighted average shares:
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Basic
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|
642,729
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|
661,572
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|
635,484
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657,228
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Diluted
|
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|
662,231
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684,977
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|
653,325
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|
680,415
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
eBay Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
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|
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|
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Three Months Ended
|
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Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
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September 30,
|
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September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
103,250
|
|
|
$
|
182,349
|
|
|
$
|
299,309
|
|
|
$
|
572,844
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation
|
|
|
14,691
|
|
|
|
9,310
|
|
|
|
59,409
|
|
|
|
5,732
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net
|
|
|
(549
|
)
|
|
|
4,176
|
|
|
|
(1,654
|
)
|
|
|
(4,849
|
)
|
|
|
Investment losses included in net income
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
406
|
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gains on cash flow hedges
|
|
|
1,347
|
|
|
|
921
|
|
|
|
2,755
|
|
|
|
3,171
|
|
|
|
Estimated tax benefit (provision)
|
|
|
(109
|
)
|
|
|
(1,874
|
)
|
|
|
(266
|
)
|
|
|
787
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net change in other comprehensive income (loss)
|
|
|
15,421
|
|
|
|
12,533
|
|
|
|
60,650
|
|
|
|
4,865
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income
|
|
$
|
118,671
|
|
|
$
|
194,882
|
|
|
$
|
359,959
|
|
|
$
|
577,709
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
eBay Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH
FLOWS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
299,309
|
|
|
$
|
572,844
|
|
|
|
Adjustments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
|
|
5,413
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for doubtful accounts and authorized
credits
|
|
|
31,964
|
|
|
|
57,994
|
|
|
|
Provision for transaction losses
|
|
|
24,891
|
|
|
|
32,692
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
113,885
|
|
|
|
180,841
|
|
|
|
Amortization of unearned stock-based compensation
|
|
|
4,732
|
|
|
|
1,626
|
|
|
|
Tax benefit on the exercise of employee stock
options
|
|
|
105,647
|
|
|
|
184,455
|
|
|
|
Impairment of certain equity investments
|
|
|
230
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority interests
|
|
|
3,982
|
|
|
|
6,053
|
|
|
|
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of
acquisition effects:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
|
(70,650
|
)
|
|
|
(137,867
|
)
|
|
|
|
Funds receivable
|
|
|
(43,645
|
)
|
|
|
(75,214
|
)
|
|
|
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
(9,298
|
)
|
|
|
(148,454
|
)
|
|
|
|
Other non-current assets
|
|
|
(6,424
|
)
|
|
|
(3,925
|
)
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities, net
|
|
|
12,598
|
|
|
|
35,734
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
6,553
|
|
|
|
4,968
|
|
|
|
|
Funds payable and amounts due to customers
|
|
|
59,674
|
|
|
|
149,208
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
|
|
|
49,724
|
|
|
|
23,017
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue and customer advances
|
|
|
6,238
|
|
|
|
13,602
|
|
|
|
|
Income taxes payable
|
|
|
11,878
|
|
|
|
6,534
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
606,701
|
|
|
|
904,108
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment, net
|
|
|
(269,616
|
)
|
|
|
(209,950
|
)
|
|
|
Purchases of investments
|
|
|
(1,481,047
|
)
|
|
|
(1,262,174
|
)
|
|
|
Maturities and sales of investments
|
|
|
1,131,998
|
|
|
|
911,173
|
|
|
|
Purchases of intangible and other non-current
assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7,257
|
)
|
|
|
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
|
|
|
(107,161
|
)
|
|
|
(703,706
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(725,826
|
)
|
|
|
(1,271,914
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
|
|
|
570,189
|
|
|
|
429,242
|
|
|
|
Principal payments on long-term obligations
|
|
|
(1,727
|
)
|
|
|
(2,599
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
568,462
|
|
|
|
426,643
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents
|
|
|
25,225
|
|
|
|
(4,440
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
474,562
|
|
|
|
54,397
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
|
|
|
1,109,313
|
|
|
|
1,381,513
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
|
|
$
|
1,583,875
|
|
|
$
|
1,435,910
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
Note 1
|
The Company and Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies
|
eBay Inc. (eBay) was incorporated in
California in May 1996, and reincorporated in Delaware in April
1998. As of September 30, 2004, through our wholly-owned
and majority-owned subsidiaries and affiliates, we had websites
directed toward the United States, Australia, Austria, Belgium,
Canada, China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Ireland,
Italy, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan and the United Kingdom. We
pioneered online trading by developing an Internet-based
marketplace in which a community of buyers and sellers are
brought together to buy and sell almost anything. The eBay
online service permits sellers to list items for sale, buyers to
bid on items of interest, and all eBay users to browse through
listed items in a fully-automated, topically-arranged service
that is available online seven days a week. Through our PayPal
service, we enable any business or consumer with email in 45
countries to send, and in 44 countries to receive, online
payments. As of September 30, 2004, through its
wholly-owned subsidiaries, PayPal had websites directed toward
the United States, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, The
Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
When we refer to we, our,
us or eBay in this document, we mean the
current Delaware corporation (eBay Inc.) and its California
predecessor, as well as all of our consolidated subsidiaries.
When we refer to eBay.com, we mean the online
marketplace located at
www.ebay.com.
When we refer to
PayPal, we mean our global payments platform located
at
www.paypal.com.
In July 2003, our Board of Directors approved a
two-for-one split of our shares of common stock in the form of a
stock dividend. As a result of the stock split, our stockholders
received one additional share of our common stock for each share
of common stock held of record on August 4, 2003. The
additional shares of our common stock were distributed on
August 28, 2003. All share and per share amounts in these
condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes
have been retroactively adjusted to reflect this and all prior
stock splits for all periods presented.
The preparation of consolidated financial
statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual
results could differ from those estimates.
|
|
|
|
|
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of
Presentation
|
The accompanying financial statements are
consolidated and include the financial statements of eBay and
our majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany
balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The consolidated financial statements include
100% of the assets and liabilities of these majority-owned
subsidiaries and the ownership interests of minority investors
are recorded as minority interests. Investments in entities
where we hold more than a 20% but less than a 50% ownership
interest and have the ability to significantly influence the
operations of the investee are accounted for using the equity
method of accounting and the investment balance is included in
long-term investments, while our share of the investees
operations is included in other income. Investments in entities
where we hold less than a 20% ownership interest or where
5
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
we do not have the ability to significantly
influence the operations of the investee are accounted for using
the cost method of accounting and are included in long-term
investments.
These unaudited interim financial statements
reflect our condensed consolidated financial position as of
December 31, 2003 and September 30, 2004. These
statements also show our condensed consolidated statements of
income for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2003 and 2004 and cash flows for the nine months ended
September 30, 2003 and 2004. These statements include all
normal recurring adjustments that we believe are necessary to
fairly present our financial position, operating results and
cash flows. Because all of the disclosures required by generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States of America
for annual consolidated financial statements are not included
herein, these interim financial statements should be read in
conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes
thereto for the year ended December 31, 2003, included in
our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on March 8, 2004. The condensed
consolidated statements of income and cash flows for the periods
presented are not necessarily indicative of results that we
expect for any future period.
Certain prior period balances have been
reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Effect of Change in Accounting
Principle
|
In accordance with the provisions of Financial
Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation
No. 46 (FIN 46), Consolidation of
Variable Interest Entities, we have included our
San Jose headquarters lease arrangement in our consolidated
financial statements effective July 1, 2003. Our income
statement for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2003, reflects the reclassification of lease payments on our
San Jose headquarters from operating expense to interest
expense, beginning with our adoption of FIN 46 on
July 1, 2003, a $5.4 million after-tax charge for
cumulative depreciation for periods from lease inception through
June 30, 2003, and incremental depreciation expense of
approximately $400,000, net of tax, per quarter for periods
after June 30, 2003. We have adopted the provisions of
FIN 46 prospectively from July 1, 2003, and as a
result, have not restated prior periods. The cumulative effect
of the change in accounting principle arising from the adoption
of FIN 46 has been reflected in net income during the third
quarter and first nine months of 2003.
6
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Consistent with predominant industry practice, we
account for stock-based employee compensation issued under
compensatory plans using the intrinsic value method, which
calculates compensation expense based on the difference, if any,
on the date of the grant, between the fair value of our stock
and the option exercise price. Generally accepted accounting
principles require companies that choose to account for stock
option grants using the intrinsic value method to also determine
the fair value of option grants using an option pricing model,
such as the Black-Scholes model, and to disclose the impact of
fair value accounting in a note to the financial statements. In
December 2002, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 148, Accounting for Stock
Based Compensation Transition and Disclosure, an Amendment of
FASB Statement No. 123. We did not elect to
voluntarily change to the fair value based method of accounting
for stock based employee compensation and record such amounts as
charges to operating expense. The impact of recognizing the fair
value of stock option grants and stock purchased under our
employee stock purchase plan as an expense under FASB Statement
No. 148 would have substantially reduced our net income, as
follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income, as reported
|
|
$
|
103,250
|
|
|
$
|
182,349
|
|
|
$
|
299,309
|
|
|
$
|
572,844
|
|
|
Add: Amortization of stock-based compensation
expense determined under the intrinsic value method
|
|
|
961
|
|
|
|
309
|
|
|
|
4,732
|
|
|
|
1,177
|
|
|
Deduct: Total stock-based compensation expense
determined under fair value based method, net of tax
|
|
|
(44,351
|
)
|
|
|
(79,328
|
)
|
|
|
(139,340
|
)
|
|
|
(118,949
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma net income
|
|
$
|
59,860
|
|
|
$
|
103,330
|
|
|
$
|
164,701
|
|
|
$
|
455,072
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic Reported
|
|
$
|
0.16
|
|
|
$
|
0.28
|
|
|
$
|
0.47
|
|
|
$
|
0.87
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma
|
|
$
|
0.09
|
|
|
$
|
0.16
|
|
|
$
|
0.26
|
|
|
$
|
0.69
|
|
|
|
Diluted Reported
|
|
$
|
0.16
|
|
|
$
|
0.27
|
|
|
$
|
0.46
|
|
|
$
|
0.84
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma
|
|
$
|
0.09
|
|
|
$
|
0.15
|
|
|
$
|
0.25
|
|
|
$
|
0.67
|
|
The weighted average fair value of options
granted in the three months ended September 30, 2003 and
2004, was $22.04 and $23.12, respectively. The weighted average
fair value of options granted in the nine months ended
September 30, 2003 and 2004, was $19.48 and $23.90,
respectively.
We calculated the fair value of each option award
on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model. The following assumptions were used for each respective
period:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three
|
|
|
|
|
|
Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risk-free interest rates
|
|
|
2.2
|
%
|
|
|
2.9
|
%
|
|
|
2.0
|
%
|
|
|
2.4
|
%
|
|
Expected lives (in years)
|
|
|
3.0
|
|
|
|
3.0
|
|
|
|
3.0
|
|
|
|
3.0
|
|
|
Dividend yield
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
Expected volatility
|
|
|
58
|
%
|
|
|
39
|
%
|
|
|
64
|
%
|
|
|
50
|
%
|
7
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
We account for stock-based arrangements issued to
non-employees using the fair value based method, which
calculates compensation expense based on the fair value of the
stock option granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model at the date of grant, or over the period of performance,
as appropriate.
|
|
|
|
|
Recent Accounting
Pronouncements
|
On March 31, 2004, the FASB issued a
proposed Statement, Share-Based Payment, an amendment of
FASB Statements No. 123 and 95, that addresses the
accounting for share-based payment transactions in which an
enterprise receives employee services in exchange for either
equity instruments of the enterprise or liabilities that are
based on the fair value of the enterprises equity
instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such
equity instruments. The proposed statement would eliminate the
ability to account for share-based compensation transactions
using the intrinsic value method as prescribed by Accounting
Principles Board, or APB, Opinion No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees, and generally would require
that such transactions be accounted for using a fair-value-based
method and recognized as expenses in our consolidated statement
of income. The proposed standard would require that the modified
prospective method be used, which requires that the fair value
of new awards granted from the beginning of the year of adoption
(plus unvested awards at the date of adoption) be expensed over
the vesting period. In its current form, the proposed statement
would require companies to assess the most appropriate model to
calculate the value of the options. We currently use the
Black-Scholes option pricing model to value options and are
currently assessing which model we may use in the future under
the proposed statement and may deem an alternative model to be
the most appropriate. The use of a different model to value
options may result in a different fair value than the use of the
Black-Scholes option pricing model. In addition, there are a
number of other requirements under the proposed standard that
would result in differing accounting treatment than currently
required, should the proposed standard be implemented in its
current form. These differences include, but are not limited to,
the accounting for the tax benefit on employee stock options and
for stock issued under our employee stock purchase plan. The
recommended effective date of the proposed standard for public
companies is currently for fiscal periods beginning after
June 15, 2005.
Should this proposed statement be finalized in
its current form, it will have a significant impact on our
consolidated statement of income as we will be required to
expense the fair value of our stock option grants and stock
purchases under our employee stock purchase plan rather than
disclose the impact on our consolidated net income within our
footnotes (see above), as is our current practice.
|
|
|
|
Note 2
|
Net Income Per Share
|
Basic net income per share is computed by
dividing the net income for the period by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted
net income per share is computed by dividing the net income for
the period by the weighted average number of shares of common
stock and potentially dilutive common stock outstanding during
the period. Potentially dilutive common stock, composed of
unvested, restricted common stock and incremental shares of
common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options, are
included in diluted net income per share to the extent such
shares are dilutive.
8
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following table sets forth the computation of
basic and diluted net income per share for the periods indicated
(in thousands, except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Numerator:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change
|
|
$
|
108,663
|
|
|
$
|
182,349
|
|
|
$
|
304,722
|
|
|
$
|
572,844
|
|
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting, net of tax
|
|
|
(5,413
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,413
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
103,250
|
|
|
$
|
182,349
|
|
|
$
|
299,309
|
|
|
$
|
572,844
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares
|
|
|
642,776
|
|
|
|
661,615
|
|
|
|
635,564
|
|
|
|
657,265
|
|
|
|
Weighted average unvested restricted common stock
subject to repurchase
|
|
|
(47
|
)
|
|
|
(43
|
)
|
|
|
(80
|
)
|
|
|
(37
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator for basic calculation
|
|
|
642,729
|
|
|
|
661,572
|
|
|
|
635,484
|
|
|
|
657,228
|
|
|
|
Weighted average effect of dilutive securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average unvested restricted common stock
subject to repurchase
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
|
80
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
Employee stock options
|
|
|
19,455
|
|
|
|
23,362
|
|
|
|
17,761
|
|
|
|
23,150
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator for diluted calculation
|
|
|
662,231
|
|
|
|
684,977
|
|
|
|
653,325
|
|
|
|
680,415
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change
|
|
$
|
0.17
|
|
|
$
|
0.28
|
|
|
$
|
0.48
|
|
|
$
|
0.87
|
|
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per basic share
|
|
$
|
0.16
|
|
|
$
|
0.28
|
|
|
$
|
0.47
|
|
|
$
|
0.87
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per diluted share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change
|
|
$
|
0.17
|
|
|
$
|
0.27
|
|
|
$
|
0.47
|
|
|
$
|
0.84
|
|
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per diluted share
|
|
$
|
0.16
|
|
|
$
|
0.27
|
|
|
$
|
0.46
|
|
|
$
|
0.84
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Potentially dilutive shares that are
anti-dilutive, as calculated based on the weighted average
closing price of our common stock for the period, are excluded
from the calculation of diluted net income per share. For the
three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2004, the
potentially dilutive shares amounted to approximately
2.5 million and 1.6 million shares, respectively. For
the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2004, the
potentially dilutive shares amounted to approximately
3.1 million and 1.2 million shares, respectively.
|
|
|
|
Note 3
|
Business Combinations, Goodwill and Intangible
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
Internet Auction Co., Ltd.
|
On December 17, 2003, we increased our
majority interest of Internet Auction Co., Ltd.,
(IAC or Internet Auction), from
approximately 51% to approximately 62%. Internet Auction
introduced online trading in South Korea when it launched in
April 1998. Shares of Internet Auction are listed on the KOSDAQ.
Prior to the fourth quarter of 2003, we consolidated our
original investment in IACs common shares and recorded the
minority investors percentage share of income or losses in
the non-operating section of our consolidated income statement.
9
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
On September 3, 2004 and September 6,
2004, we purchased additional shares resulting in an aggregate
increase of our ownership interest to approximately 97%. We
purchased approximately 4.5 million shares for
KRW125,000 per share for a total cash amount of
approximately KRW557 billion, or approximately
$483 million. The total purchase price of approximately
$485 million includes approximately $2 million in
estimated acquisition-related costs. (See
Note 10 Subsequent Events of these
condensed consolidated financial statements for details of
additional IAC shares purchased on October 5, 2004).
Through these purchases, we have continued to expand our
presence in Korea, one of the largest online markets in Asia.
This is consistent with our strategy of establishing and
expanding our global online marketplace in countries that
represent the majority of the worlds e-commerce revenue.
We accounted for these purchases of additional
common shares, using the purchase method of accounting, and
accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the percentage
of the acquired intangible assets and a reduction in the
minority interest liability, in each case, on the basis of their
estimated fair values on the respective purchase dates, with the
remainder representing goodwill. The valuation of the
identifiable intangible assets acquired reflects
managements estimates based on, among other factors, use
of established valuation methods.
The preliminary allocation of the purchase price
is summarized below (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
User base
|
|
$
|
43,027
|
|
|
Trade name
|
|
|
11,323
|
|
|
Developed technology
|
|
|
1,289
|
|
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
41,068
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities
|
|
|
(16,526
|
)
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
404,667
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total purchase price
|
|
$
|
484,848
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The estimated useful economic lives of the
identifiable intangible assets acquired in the increase in
ownership of IAC are eight years for the user base, five years
for the trade name, and two years for the developed technology.
The identifiable intangible assets are being amortized using the
straight-line method over their useful economic lives.
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition of Baazee.com
|
On August 2, 2004, we acquired a 100%
interest in Baazee.com for a cash purchase price of
approximately $50 million. Baazee.com is an online
marketplace in India. Through this acquisition, we have
established eBay in India and will open our global online
marketplace to Baazee.coms strong and growing community.
The total purchase price recorded was approximately
$50 million, including $1 million in estimated
acquisition-related expenses. We accounted for the acquisition
as a purchase transaction and, accordingly, the purchase price
has been allocated to the tangible and intangible assets
acquired and liabilities assumed on the basis of their
respective estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The
valuation of the identifiable intangible assets acquired
reflects managements estimates based on, among other
factors, use of established valuation methods.
10
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The preliminary allocation of the purchase price
is summarized below (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net current assets
|
|
$
|
1,202
|
|
|
Other non-current assets
|
|
|
1,265
|
|
|
Property and equipment
|
|
|
280
|
|
|
Noncompete agreement
|
|
|
1,500
|
|
|
User base
|
|
|
600
|
|
|
Trade name
|
|
|
150
|
|
|
Developed technology
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities
|
|
|
(905
|
)
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
46,125
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total purchase price
|
|
$
|
50,317
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The estimated useful economic lives of the
identifiable intangible assets acquired in the Baazee.com
acquisition are three years for the noncompete agreement, three
years for the user base, one year for the trade name, and one
year for the developed technology. The identifiable intangible
assets are being amortized using the straight-line method over
their useful economic lives.
The results of operations for Baazee.com for
periods prior to our acquisition were not material to our
consolidated statement of income and, accordingly, pro forma
results of operations have not been presented.
On April 1, 2004, we acquired a 100%
interest in mobile.de for a cash purchase price of approximately
121 million Euros. mobile.de is a classified advertising
website for vehicles in Germany. The total purchase price
recorded was approximately $152 million, including
approximately $3 million in estimated acquisition-related
expenses. We accounted for the acquisition as a purchase
transaction and, accordingly, the purchase price has been
allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and
liabilities assumed on the basis of their respective estimated
fair values on the acquisition date. The valuation of the
identifiable intangible assets acquired reflects
managements estimates based on, among other factors, use
of established valuation methods.
The preliminary allocation of the purchase price
is summarized below (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net current assets
|
|
$
|
9,115
|
|
|
Property and equipment
|
|
|
1,827
|
|
|
Other non-current assets
|
|
|
241
|
|
|
User base
|
|
|
20,400
|
|
|
Developed technology
|
|
|
5,500
|
|
|
Trade name
|
|
|
4,600
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities
|
|
|
(13,115
|
)
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
123,885
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total purchase price
|
|
$
|
152,453
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The estimated useful economic lives of the
identifiable intangible assets acquired in the mobile.de
acquisition are eight years for the user base, two years for the
developed technology and two years for the trade name. The
identifiable intangible assets are being amortized using the
straight-line method over their useful economic lives.
11
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
During the three months ended September 30,
2004, we recorded additional acquisition-related liabilities
totaling approximately $3.1 million, primarily in relation
to a provision to terminate a lease for redundant facilities.
The final purchase price allocation will depend
upon our final determination of the fair value of the net assets
acquired, the liabilities assumed, and the total acquisition
related expenses. The results of operations for mobile.de for
periods prior to our acquisition were not material to our
consolidated statement of income and, accordingly, pro forma
results of operations have not been presented.
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition of PayPal, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition-Related Liabilities Capitalized as
a Cost of Acquisition
|
During the year ended December 31, 2003, we
finalized our formal plan to exit certain activities and
integrate certain facilities of PayPal. This plan includes
provisions to terminate leases for redundant facilities, dispose
of redundant fixed assets and leasehold improvements, resolve
certain pre-acquisition legal contingencies, provide various
employee-related benefits and exit certain contractual
obligations.
The components of the acquisition-related
liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
Cash
|
|
Non-Cash
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
Payments
|
|
Amount Used
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excess facilities and fixed assets
|
|
$
|
32,952
|
|
|
$
|
(4,104
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,998
|
)
|
|
$
|
(452
|
)
|
|
$
|
25,398
|
|
|
Other liabilities and contingencies
|
|
|
3,949
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,949
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liability
|
|
$
|
36,901
|
|
|
$
|
(4,104
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,998
|
)
|
|
$
|
(452
|
)
|
|
$
|
29,347
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excess facilities and fixed asset liabilities
consist primarily of accruals for PayPals remaining lease
obligations, net of estimated sublease income, and the write-off
of certain leasehold improvements and other property and
equipment at redundant facilities that we exited in February
2004. A substantial portion of the excess facilities and fixed
asset liabilities recorded as of September 30, 2004, are
expected to settle in cash during future periods. The non-cash
amount used for the nine months ended September 30, 2004,
primarily represents the utilization of accruals related to
certain leasehold improvements and other property and equipment
at redundant facilities. The adjustments for the nine months
ended September 30, 2004, are due primarily to the final
determination of the required write-off of certain leasehold
improvements and other property and equipment at redundant
facilities.
As of September 30, 2004, other liabilities
and contingencies consist primarily of accruals for contract
termination costs, which are based on estimated costs associated
with the acquisition-related terminations of certain PayPal
employees.
Goodwill information for each reportable segment
is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
Acquired
|
|
Disposals
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
|
|
$
|
121,039
|
|
|
$
|
27,360
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
304
|
|
|
$
|
148,703
|
|
|
|
International
|
|
|
524,914
|
|
|
|
574,527
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,243
|
|
|
|
1,102,684
|
|
|
|
Payments
|
|
|
1,073,358
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(962
|
)
|
|
|
1,072,396
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,719,311
|
|
|
$
|
601,887
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,585
|
|
|
$
|
2,323,783
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The increase in goodwill acquired during the nine
months ended September 30, 2004 resulted from our
acquisition of the outstanding shares of mobile.de and
Baazee.com, our acquisition of an additional ownership interest
in Internet Auction, as well as our acquisition of an equity
investment, as noted in Note 5
Investments of these condensed consolidated financial
statements. Adjustments to goodwill during the nine months ended
September 30, 2004 resulted primarily from additional
accruals recorded in relation to the provision to terminate a
lease for redundant facilities and foreign currency translation
adjustments relating to goodwill associated with our current and
prior period acquisitions.
Investments accounted for under the equity method
of accounting are classified on our balance sheet as long-term
investments. Such investments include identifiable intangible
assets, deferred tax liabilities and goodwill. As of
September 30, 2004, the goodwill related to our equity
investment totaled approximately $27.4 million.
The components of acquired identifiable
intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2003
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
|
Net
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
|
Carrying
|
|
Accumulated
|
|
Carrying
|
|
Carrying
|
|
Accumulated
|
|
Carrying
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
Amortization
|
|
Amount
|
|
Amount
|
|
Amortization
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intangible assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer lists and user base
|
|
$
|
223,158
|
|
|
$
|
(42,093
|
)
|
|
$
|
181,065
|
|
|
$
|
287,897
|
|
|
$
|
(68,429
|
)
|
|
$
|
219,468
|
|
|
|
Trademarks and trade names
|
|
|
75,269
|
|
|
|
(13,992
|
)
|
|
|
61,277
|
|
|
|
96,083
|
|
|
|
(24,504
|
)
|
|
$
|
71,579
|
|
|
|
Developed technologies
|
|
|
30,396
|
|
|
|
(16,147
|
)
|
|
|
14,249
|
|
|
|
37,746
|
|
|
|
(24,641
|
)
|
|
$
|
13,105
|
|
|
|
All other
|
|
|
19,605
|
|
|
|
(2,139
|
)
|
|
|
17,466
|
|
|
|
33,196
|
|
|
|
(5,809
|
)
|
|
$
|
27,387
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
348,428
|
|
|
$
|
(74,371
|
)
|
|
$
|
274,057
|
|
|
$
|
454,922
|
|
|
$
|
(123,383
|
)
|
|
$
|
331,539
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All of our acquired identifiable intangible
assets are subject to amortization. Acquired identifiable
intangible assets are comprised of customer lists and user base,
trademarks and trade names, developed technologies, and other
acquired intangible assets including patents and contractual
agreements. Identifiable intangible assets are amortized using
the straight-line method over weighted average periods of seven
years for customer lists and user base, six years for trademarks
and trade names, three years for developed technologies and four
years for all other intangibles. No significant residual value
is estimated for the intangible assets. The increase in
intangible assets during the nine months ended
September 30, 2004 resulted primarily from certain
intangible assets acquired as part of our acquisition of the
outstanding shares of mobile.de and Baazee.com, an additional
ownership interest in Internet Auction, as well as our
acquisition of an equity investment, as noted in
Note 5 Investments of these
condensed consolidated financial statements. As of
September 30, 2004, the net carrying amount of intangible
assets related to our equity investment totaled approximately
$5.2 million. Aggregate amortization expense for intangible
assets totaled $15.7 million and $17.5 million for the
three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2004,
respectively. Aggregate amortization expense for intangible
assets totaled $39.5 million and $48.8 million for the
nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2004, respectively.
13
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
As of September 30, 2004, expected future
intangible asset amortization expense is as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Years:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2004 (remaining three months)
|
|
$
|
17,300
|
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
66,149
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
54,010
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
49,429
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
47,396
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
33,762
|
|
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
63,493
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
331,539
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note 4
|
Segment Information
|
Reporting segments are based upon our internal
organization structure, the manner in which our operations are
managed, the criteria used by our chief operating decision-maker
to evaluate segment performance, the availability of separate
financial information, and overall materiality considerations.
The U.S. segment includes our
U.S. online marketplace trading platforms other than our
PayPal and Billpoint subsidiaries. The International segment
includes our international online marketplace trading platforms
other than our PayPal and Billpoint subsidiaries. The Payments
segment includes our global payments platform consisting of our
PayPal and Billpoint subsidiaries. We completed our planned
wind-down of Billpoint in the first half of 2003.
Direct contribution consists of revenues less
direct costs. Direct costs include specific costs of net
revenues, sales and marketing expenses, and general and
administrative expenses over which segment managers have direct
discretionary control, such as advertising and marketing
programs, customer support expenses, bank charges, provisions
for doubtful accounts, authorized credits and transaction
losses. Expenses over which segment managers do not currently
have discretionary control, such as site operations costs,
product development expenses, and general and administrative
costs, are monitored by management through shared cost centers
and are not evaluated in the measurement of segment performance.
14
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following tables summarize the financial
performance and total assets of our reporting segments (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
|
|
International
|
|
Payments
|
|
Consolidated
|
|
U.S.
|
|
International
|
|
Payments
|
|
Consolidated
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues from external customers
|
|
$
|
266,088
|
|
|
$
|
156,475
|
|
|
$
|
108,379
|
|
|
$
|
530,942
|
|
|
$
|
347,343
|
|
|
$
|
286,516
|
|
|
$
|
172,017
|
|
|
$
|
805,876
|
|
|
Direct costs
|
|
|
95,229
|
|
|
|
63,668
|
|
|
|
59,106
|
|
|
|
218,003
|
|
|
|
112,576
|
|
|
|
112,151
|
|
|
|
91,478
|
|
|
|
316,205
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct contribution
|
|
|
170,859
|
|
|
|
92,807
|
|
|
|
49,273
|
|
|
|
312,939
|
|
|
|
234,767
|
|
|
|
174,365
|
|
|
|
80,539
|
|
|
|
489,671
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses and indirect costs of net
revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
157,067
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
235,758
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
155,872
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
253,913
|
|
|
Interest and other income, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,806
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,163
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,267
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,236
|
)
|
|
Impairment of certain equity investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change, taxes and minority interests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
161,411
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
264,840
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
|
|
International
|
|
Payments
|
|
Consolidated
|
|
U.S.
|
|
International
|
|
Payments
|
|
Consolidated
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues from external customers
|
|
$
|
759,716
|
|
|
$
|
451,879
|
|
|
$
|
305,108
|
|
|
$
|
1,516,703
|
|
|
$
|
1,020,394
|
|
|
$
|
823,450
|
|
|
$
|
491,683
|
|
|
$
|
2,335,527
|
|
|
Direct costs
|
|
|
282,630
|
|
|
|
175,094
|
|
|
|
171,438
|
|
|
|
629,162
|
|
|
|
333,433
|
|
|
|
313,634
|
|
|
|
260,424
|
|
|
|
907,491
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct contribution
|
|
|
477,086
|
|
|
|
276,785
|
|
|
|
133,670
|
|
|
|
887,541
|
|
|
|
686,961
|
|
|
|
509,816
|
|
|
|
231,259
|
|
|
|
1,428,036
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses and indirect costs of net
revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
461,442
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
653,517
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
426,099
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
774,519
|
|
|
Interest and other income, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26,419
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
59,105
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,335
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6,614
|
)
|
|
Impairment of certain equity investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(230
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative effect
of accounting change, taxes and minority interests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
449,953
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
827,010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
|
|
$
|
2,768,995
|
|
|
$
|
3,431,063
|
|
|
|
International
|
|
|
1,280,440
|
|
|
|
1,841,622
|
|
|
|
Payments
|
|
|
1,770,699
|
|
|
|
1,968,916
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
5,820,134
|
|
|
$
|
7,241,601
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following tables summarize the allocation of
net revenues and long-lived assets based on geography (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States net revenues
|
|
$
|
351,187
|
|
|
$
|
467,545
|
|
|
$
|
1,001,679
|
|
|
$
|
1,372,471
|
|
|
International net revenues
|
|
|
179,755
|
|
|
|
338,331
|
|
|
|
515,024
|
|
|
|
963,056
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$
|
530,942
|
|
|
$
|
805,876
|
|
|
$
|
1,516,703
|
|
|
$
|
2,335,527
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States long-lived assets
|
|
$
|
1,997,140
|
|
|
$
|
2,038,987
|
|
|
International long-lived assets
|
|
|
598,013
|
|
|
|
1,265,801
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total long-lived assets
|
|
$
|
2,595,153
|
|
|
$
|
3,304,788
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues in the table above are allocated
between U.S. and International geographies based upon the
country in which the seller, payment recipient, advertiser or
end-to-end service provider is located. Long-lived assets in the
table above are allocated between U.S. and International
geographies based upon the country in which the long-lived asset
is located or owned.
At December 31, 2003 and September 30,
2004, short and long-term investments were classified as
available-for-sale securities, except for restricted cash and
investments, and are reported at fair value as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
Gross
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
Estimated
|
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
Gains
|
|
Losses
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments
|
|
$
|
14,859
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
14,859
|
|
|
|
Municipal bonds and notes
|
|
|
8,065
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,065
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
|
|
223,400
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
(43
|
)
|
|
|
223,359
|
|
|
|
Government and agency securities
|
|
|
60,419
|
|
|
|
259
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
60,678
|
|
|
|
Time deposits and other
|
|
|
48,474
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
48,474
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
355,217
|
|
|
$
|
261
|
|
|
$
|
(43
|
)
|
|
$
|
355,435
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments
|
|
$
|
127,544
|
|
|
$
|
328
|
|
|
$
|
(440
|
)
|
|
$
|
127,432
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
|
|
458,997
|
|
|
|
365
|
|
|
|
(491
|
)
|
|
|
458,871
|
|
|
|
Government and agency securities
|
|
|
462,879
|
|
|
|
236
|
|
|
|
(2,067
|
)
|
|
|
461,048
|
|
|
|
Equity instruments
|
|
|
14,252
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,252
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1,063,672
|
|
|
$
|
929
|
|
|
$
|
(2,998
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,061,603
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
Gross
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
Estimated
|
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
Gains
|
|
Losses
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term investments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments
|
|
$
|
142,402
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
(478
|
)
|
|
$
|
141,924
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
|
|
447,126
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
(1,822
|
)
|
|
|
445,311
|
|
|
|
Government and agency securities
|
|
|
163,818
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(365
|
)
|
|
|
163,453
|
|
|
|
Time deposits and other
|
|
|
32,946
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,946
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
786,292
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
(2,665
|
)
|
|
|
783,634
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term investments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments
|
|
$
|
1,261
|
|
|
$
|
19
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,280
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
|
|
626,858
|
|
|
|
80
|
|
|
|
(1,537
|
)
|
|
|
625,401
|
|
|
|
Government and agency securities
|
|
|
311,787
|
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
|
(2,846
|
)
|
|
|
308,970
|
|
|
|
Equity instruments and equity method investments
|
|
|
46,724
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
46,724
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
986,630
|
|
|
$
|
128
|
|
|
$
|
(4,383
|
)
|
|
$
|
982,375
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes the fair value and
gross unrealized losses of our short and long-term investments,
aggregated by type of investment instrument and length of time
that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized
loss position, at September 30, 2004 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 12 Months
|
|
12 Months or Greater
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
Losses
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
Losses
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
Losses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments
|
|
$
|
5,242
|
|
|
$
|
(57
|
)
|
|
$
|
63,011
|
|
|
$
|
(421
|
)
|
|
$
|
68,253
|
|
|
$
|
(478
|
)
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
|
|
785,373
|
|
|
|
(2,938
|
)
|
|
|
57,681
|
|
|
|
(421
|
)
|
|
|
843,054
|
|
|
|
(3,359
|
)
|
|
Government and agency securities
|
|
|
186,064
|
|
|
|
(623
|
)
|
|
|
275,958
|
|
|
|
(2,588
|
)
|
|
|
462,022
|
|
|
|
(3,211
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
976,679
|
|
|
$
|
(3,618
|
)
|
|
$
|
396,650
|
|
|
$
|
(3,430
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,373,329
|
|
|
$
|
(7,048
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our investment portfolio consists of both
corporate and government securities that have a maximum maturity
of three years. The longer the duration of these securities, the
more susceptible they are to changes in market interest rates
and bond yields. As yields in the marketplace increase, those
securities purchased with lower yields at the time of purchase
will show a marked-to-market unrealized loss. All unrealized
losses are due to changes in interest rates and bond yields. The
average duration of the losses on these securities has been
approximately nine months.
17
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The estimated fair value of short and long-term
investments classified by date of contractual maturity at
September 30, 2004, are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
One year or less
|
|
$
|
641,710
|
|
|
One year through two years
|
|
|
724,884
|
|
|
Two years through three years
|
|
|
209,487
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments expiring in less
than one year
|
|
|
141,924
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments expiring in one
year through three years
|
|
|
1,280
|
|
|
Equity instruments and equity method investments
|
|
|
46,724
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,766,009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We did not record an impairment charge during
either of the three months ended September 30, 2003 and
2004. During the nine months ended September 30, 2003, we
recorded impairment charges totaling approximately $230,000 as a
result of the deterioration of the financial condition of
certain of our private equity investees. These impairment losses
are identified as part of our ongoing process of assessing the
quality of our investment portfolio and reflect declines in fair
value and other market conditions that we believe are
other-than-temporary. We did not record an impairment charge
during the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
On August 13, 2004, we acquired a minority
ownership interest in 1010 Cole Street, Inc.,
(craigslist), of approximately 25%. craigslist is an
online community featuring classifieds and forums.
We account for the investment in craigslist using
the equity method of accounting and the total investment,
including identifiable intangible assets, deferred tax
liabilities and goodwill (see Note 3
Business Combinations, Goodwill and Intangible Assets of
these condensed consolidated financial statements), is
classified on our balance sheet as a long-term investment. In
periods subsequent to the acquisition, our consolidated
financial results will include approximately 25% of the net
income or loss of craigslist together with amortization expense
relating to acquired intangible assets.
|
|
|
|
Note 6
|
Derivative Instruments
|
We entered into two interest rate swaps on
June 19 and July 20, 2000, with notional amounts
totaling $95 million to reduce the impact of changes in
interest rates on a portion of the floating rate operating lease
for our San Jose headquarters office facilities. The
interest rate swaps allow us to receive floating rate receipts
based on the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, in
exchange for making fixed rate payments of approximately 7% of
the notional amount, which effectively changes our interest rate
exposure on our operating lease from a floating rate to a fixed
rate on $95.0 million of the total $126.4 million
notional amount of our San Jose headquarters facility lease
commitment. The balance of $31.4 million remains at a
floating rate of interest based on the spread over 3-month
LIBOR. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of
September 30, 2004, was an unrealized loss of
$1.4 million, net of tax benefit, and is recorded in
accumulated other comprehensive income on the balance sheet.
As of September 30, 2004, we had outstanding
forward foreign exchange contracts with notional values
equivalent to approximately $302.6 million with maturity
dates within 92 days. The forward contracts are used to
offset changes in the value of assets and liabilities
denominated in foreign currencies as a result of currency
fluctuations. Transaction gains and losses on the contracts and
the assets and liabilities are recognized each period in our
statement of income.
18
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
We convert the financial statements of our
foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars. When there is a
change in foreign currency exchange rates, the conversion of the
foreign subsidiaries financial statements into
U.S. dollars will lead to a translation gain or loss.
Translation exposure is the change in the book value of assets,
liabilities, revenues, and expenses that results from changes in
foreign currency exchange rates. From time to time we enter into
transactions to hedge portions of our foreign currency
denominated earnings translation exposure using both foreign
currency options and forward contracts. In addition, we have
certain assets and liabilities that are denominated in
currencies other than the relevant entitys functional
currency. In certain circumstances, changes in the functional
currency value of these assets and liabilities create
fluctuations that will lead to a transaction gain or loss. From
time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward contracts
to minimize the short-term foreign currency fluctuation on such
assets and liabilities. The aggregate notional amount of these
forward contracts entered into in the third quarter of 2004 was
13.1 million Euros and 13.4 million British Pounds.
The notional amount of the forward contracts entered into in the
first nine months of 2004 was 67.0 million Euros and
13.4 million British Pounds. The losses on the forward
contracts for the third quarter of 2004 totaled approximately
$173,000, while the gains for the first nine months of 2004
totaled approximately $1.4 million, which were recorded in
interest and other income, net, in the third quarter and first
nine months of 2004, respectively. We did not enter into any
foreign currency option hedges during the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2004. All contracts that hedge
translation exposure mature ratably over the quarter in which
they are executed.
We currently charge our foreign subsidiaries on a
monthly basis for their use of eBays intellectual property
and technology and for corporate services provided by eBay Inc.
such as insurance, tax and legal. This charge is denominated in
Euros and these forecasted inter-company transactions at eBay
Inc. represent a foreign currency cash flow exposure. To reduce
foreign exchange risk relating to these forecasted inter-company
transactions, we entered into forward foreign exchange contracts
during the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The
objective of the forward contracts is to ensure that the
U.S. dollar-equivalent cash flows are not adversely
affected by changes in the U.S. dollar/ Euro exchange rate.
Pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 133 Accounting for Derivatives and Hedging
Activities (FAS 133), we expect the hedge of these
forecasted transactions using the forward contracts to be highly
effective in offsetting changes in cash flows. Accordingly, we
record as a component of other comprehensive income all
unrealized gains and losses related to the forward contracts
that receive hedge accounting treatment. We record all
unrealized gains and losses in interest and other income, net,
related to the forward contracts that do not receive hedge
accounting treatment pursuant to FAS 133. During the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004, we released from
accumulated other comprehensive income to our consolidated
results of operations losses totaling $239,000 and gains
totaling $269,000, respectively, as forward contracts with a
notional value of 38.8 million and 85.1 million Euros,
respectively, of the hedged forecasted inter-company
transactions were recognized by the parent company. During the
third quarter of 2004 we recorded an unrealized loss in interest
and other income, net, related to forward contracts that do not
receive hedge accounting treatment totaling approximately
$128,000. The notional amount of the forward contracts entered
into in the third quarter and first nine months of 2004 was
6.5 million and 131.8 million Euros, respectively. The
outstanding forward contracts at September 30, 2004 had a
notional value of 40.2 million Euros (approximately
$49.9 million at September 30, 2004). The unrealized
loss on these outstanding forward contracts totaled
approximately $1.4 million and was recorded as a component
of other comprehensive income at September 30, 2004.
19
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
|
|
|
|
Note 7
|
Balance Sheet Components
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and Equipment, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
Computer equipment and software
|
|
$
|
462,971
|
|
|
$
|
634,298
|
|
|
Land and buildings, including building
improvements
|
|
|
293,238
|
|
|
|
278,772
|
|
|
Aviation equipment
|
|
|
30,473
|
|
|
|
30,398
|
|
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
|
49,645
|
|
|
|
76,513
|
|
|
Furniture and fixtures
|
|
|
35,026
|
|
|
|
39,346
|
|
|
Vehicles and other
|
|
|
80
|
|
|
|
213
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
871,433
|
|
|
$
|
1,059,540
|
|
|
Accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
(269,648
|
)
|
|
|
(377,518
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
601,785
|
|
|
$
|
682,022
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2004, we capitalized $11.0 million and
$32.2 million of software development costs, respectively,
the majority of which relates to major site and other product
development efforts. Total depreciation expense on our property
and equipment was $27.8 million and $48.1 million for
the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2004,
respectively. Total depreciation expense for the nine months
ended September 30, 2003 and 2004 was $74.4 million
and $132.1 million, respectively.
As of September 30, 2004, we had
$126.4 million included within current restricted cash and
investments relating to our San Jose headquarters lease
facilities. In February 2004, we elected not to exercise our
right to extend the lease period and therefore the lease on
these facilities will end on March 1, 2005, at which time
we will purchase the facilities. Accordingly, we have
reclassified the restricted cash and the liability relating to
this lease as short-term in nature.
During the three months ended September 30,
2004, we recorded gains of approximately $3.6 million
resulting from certain sublease amendments, made during the
three months ended March 31, 2004, within interest and
other income, net in our consolidated statement of income.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2004, we
recorded gains of approximately $22.0 million resulting
from these sublease amendments and from certain contract
terminations within interest and other income, net in our
consolidated statement of income.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
Customer accounts
|
|
$
|
29,990
|
|
|
$
|
152,244
|
|
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
73,180
|
|
|
|
94,208
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
103,170
|
|
|
$
|
246,452
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In February 2004, PayPal obtained a license to
operate as an Electronic Money Institution, or ELMI, from the
United Kingdoms Financial Services Authority. As a result
of regulatory requirements associated
20
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
with this ELMI license, PayPal transferred the
accounts and funds of its European Union users from its
U.S. parent to its U.K. subsidiary. Customer funds in the
U.S. are held in deposit accounts insured by the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, and are held by PayPal
as an agent for the benefit of its customers. These funds are
not reflected on our balance sheet. ELMI regulations require
that customer balances in the U.K. subsidiary be represented as
claims on the subsidiary and invested only in specified types of
liquid assets. These customer balances are therefore included on
our balance sheet as current assets with an offsetting
liability. At September 30, 2004, the amount recorded
within customer funds on our consolidated balance sheet related
to the funds in the U.K. subsidiary, was $111.8 million.
|
|
|
|
|
Litigation and Other Legal
Matters
|
In April 2001, two of our European subsidiaries,
eBay GmbH and eBay International AG, were sued by Montres Rolex
S.A. and certain of its affiliates in the regional court of
Cologne, Germany. The suit subsequently was transferred to the
regional court in Dusseldorf, Germany. Rolex alleged that our
subsidiaries were infringing Rolexs trademarks as a result
of users selling counterfeit Rolex watches through our German
website. The suit also alleged unfair competition. Rolex sought
an order forbidding the sale of Rolex-branded watches on the
website as well as damages. In December 2002, a trial was held
in the matter and the court ruled in favor of eBay on all causes
of action. Rolex appealed the ruling to the Higher Regional
Court of Dusseldorf, and the appeal was heard in October 2003.
In February 2004, the court rejected Rolexs appeal and
ruled in our favor. If it so chooses, Rolex may appeal the
ruling to the German Federal Supreme Court. In March 2004, the
German Federal Supreme Court ruled in favor of Rolex in a case
involving an unrelated company, ricardo.de AG, but somewhat
comparable legal theories. The court issued its written decision
in that case in September 2004. Although it is not clear what
effect the reasoning of the German Federal Supreme Courts
ricardo.de decision would have if applied to eBay, we believe
the Courts decision will not require any significant
change in our business practices.
In September 2001, a complaint was filed by
MercExchange LLC against us, our Half.com subsidiary and
ReturnBuy, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of Virginia (No. 2:01-CV-736) alleging
infringement of three patents (relating to online auction
technology, multiple database searching and electronic
consignment systems) and seeking a permanent injunction and
damages (including treble damages for willful infringement). In
October 2002, the court granted in part our summary judgment
motion, effectively invalidating the patent related to online
auction technology and rendering it unenforceable. This ruling
left only two patents in the case. Trial of the matter began in
April 2003. In May 2003, the jury returned a verdict finding
that eBay had willfully infringed one and Half.com had willfully
infringed both of the patents in the suit, awarding
$35.0 million in compensatory damages. Both parties filed
post-trial motions, and in August 2003, the court entered
judgment for MercExchange in the amount of $29.5 million,
plus pre-judgment interest and post-judgment interest in an
amount to be determined, while denying MercExchanges
request for an injunction and attorneys fees. We appealed
the verdict and judgment in favor of MercExchange and
MercExchange filed a cross-appeal of the granting in part of our
summary judgment motion and the denial of its request for an
injunction and attorneys fees. Oral arguments for the
appeals were heard on October 5, 2004. In addition, the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office recently granted our
request that it reexamine the three patents at suit. We continue
to believe that the verdict against us in the trial was
incorrect and intend to continue to pursue our appeal and defend
ourselves vigorously. However, even if successful, our appeal of
and defense against this action will continue to be costly. In
addition, as a precautionary measure, we have modified certain
functionality of our websites and business practices in a manner
which we believe makes them not infringe the two patents that we
were found to have infringed. Nonetheless, if we are not
successful in appealing the courts ruling, we might be
forced to pay significant additional damages and licensing fees
or modify our business practices in an adverse manner.
21
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
In August 2002, Charles E. Hill &
Associates, Inc. filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court
for the Eastern District of Texas (No. 2:02-CV-186)
alleging that we and 17 other companies, primarily large
retailers, infringed three patents owned by Hill generally
relating to electronic catalog systems and methods for
transmitting and updating data at a remote computer. The suit
seeks an injunction against continuing infringement, unspecified
damages, including treble damages for willful infringement, and
interest, costs, expenses, and fees. In January 2003, the case
was transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Southern
District of Indiana. After pending in Indiana for almost a year,
the case was transferred back to the U.S. District Court
for the Eastern District of Texas in December 2003. A scheduling
conference for the case has been set for November 16, 2004.
We believe that we have meritorious defenses and intend to
defend ourselves vigorously.
In February 2002, PayPal was sued in California
state court (No. CV-805433) in a purported class action alleging
that its restriction of customer accounts and failure to
promptly unrestrict legitimate accounts violates California
state consumer protection laws and is an unfair business
practice and a breach of PayPals User Agreement. This
action was re-filed with a different named plaintiff in June
2002 (No. CV-808441), and a related action was also filed
in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of
California in June 2002 (No. C-02-2777). In March 2002,
PayPal was sued in the U.S. District Court for the Northern
District of California (No. C-02-1227) in a purported class
action alleging that its restrictions of customer accounts and
failure to promptly unrestrict legitimate accounts violates
federal and state consumer protection and unfair business
practice laws. The two federal court actions were consolidated
into a single case, and the state court action was stayed
pending developments in the federal case. On June 14, 2004,
the parties announced that they had reached a proposed
settlement. Under the terms of the proposed settlement, certain
PayPal account holders will be eligible to receive payment from
a settlement fund in accordance with the settlements plan
of allocation. The settlement fund, which will be funded by
PayPal, will total $9.25 million, less administrative costs
and any amount awarded to plaintiffs counsel by the court.
This amount was fully accrued in our consolidated income
statement for the year ended December 31, 2003. In the
proposed settlement, PayPal does not acknowledge that any of the
allegations in the case are true. The proposed settlement has
been preliminarily approved by the federal court but remains
subject to final court approval. On October 13, 2004, the
federal court gave conditional final approval to the settlement,
subject to modification of the wording of the release of claims
by the class members. PayPal expects this modification to be
completed without any material impact. If the modification is
completed and the proposed settlement is approved by the federal
court, all claims of the class in both the federal and state
actions will be dismissed. Any person that timely filed an
objection to the settlement would have the right to appeal the
courts order granting final approval.
In November 2003, AT&T Corporation filed a
lawsuit against eBay and PayPal in the U.S. District Court
for the District of Delaware (No. 03-1051) alleging
infringement of a patent entitled Mediation of
Transactions by a Communication System. AT&T claimed
that PayPals and Billpoints payment services
infringe its patent. In December 2003, eBay and PayPal answered
the complaint, denied infringement of AT&Ts patent,
and filed counterclaims. On July 21, 2004, AT&T, eBay
and PayPal reached agreement and entered into a Stipulated Order
of Dismissal regarding their patent infringement lawsuit in
U.S. District Court in Delaware. The parties have agreed to
keep the details of their arrangement confidential.
Other third parties have from time to time
claimed, and others may claim in the future, that we have
infringed their intellectual property rights. We have been
notified of several potential patent disputes, and expect that
we will increasingly be subject to patent infringement claims as
our services expand in scope and complexity. In particular, we
expect to face additional patent infringement claims involving
services we provide, including various aspects of our Payments
business. We have in the past been forced to litigate such
claims. We may also become more vulnerable to third-party claims
as laws such as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, the Lanham
Act and the Communications Decency Act are interpreted by the
courts and as we expand geographically into jurisdictions where
the underlying laws with respect to the potential liability of
online intermediaries like ourselves are less favorable. These
claims, whether meritorious or not, could be time
22
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
consuming, result in costly litigation, cause
service upgrade delays, require expensive changes in our methods
of doing business, or could require us to enter into costly
royalty or licensing agreements.
From time to time, we are involved in other
disputes that arise in the ordinary course of business. The
number and significance of these disputes is increasing as our
business expands and our company grows larger. Any claims
against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming,
result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of
management time, and result in the diversion of significant
operational resources.
While we currently believe that the ultimate
resolution of these unresolved matters will not have a material
adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations
or cash flows, the litigation and other claims noted
specifically or generally above are subject to inherent
uncertainties and our view of these matters may change in the
future. Were an unfavorable final outcome to occur, there exists
the possibility of a material adverse impact on our financial
position, results of operations or cash flows for the period in
which the effect becomes reasonably estimable. We are unable to
determine what potential losses we may incur if these matters
were to have an unfavorable outcome.
|
|
|
|
|
Indemnification Provisions
|
During the ordinary course of business, we have
included limited indemnification provisions in certain of our
agreements with parties with whom we have commercial relations,
including our standard marketing, promotions and
application-programming-interface license agreements. Under
these contracts, we generally indemnify, hold harmless, and
agree to reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or
incurred by the indemnified party in connection with claims by
any third party with respect to our domain names, trademarks,
logos and other branding elements to the extent that such marks
are applicable to our performance under the subject agreement.
In a limited number of agreements, including agreements under
which we have developed technology for certain commercial
parties, we have provided an indemnity for other types of
third-party claims, substantially all of which are indemnities
related to our copyrights, trademarks, and patents. To date, no
significant costs have been incurred, either individually or
collectively, in connection with our indemnification provisions.
|
|
|
|
Note 9
|
Employee Benefit Plans
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
|
We have an employee stock purchase plan for all
eligible employees. Under the plan, shares of our common stock
may be purchased over an offering period with a maximum duration
of two years at 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the
first day of the applicable offering period or on the last day
of the six-month purchase period. Employees may purchase shares
having a value not exceeding 10% of their gross compensation
during an offering period. No shares were purchased during the
three months ended September 30, 2003 or 2004. During the
nine months ended September 30, 2004, employees purchased
approximately 303,000 shares at an average price of
$36.96 per share. During the same period in 2003, employees
purchased 262,338 shares at an average price of
$23.99 per share. At September 30, 2004, approximately
3.3 million shares were reserved for future issuance. On
each January 1, the aggregate number of shares reserved for
issuance under the employee stock purchase plan will be
increased automatically by the number of shares purchased under
the plan in the preceding calendar year.
We have a deferred stock unit plan under which
deferred stock units have been granted to new non-employee
directors elected to our Board of Directors after
December 31, 2002. Under this plan, each new director
receives a one-time grant of deferred stock units equal to the
result of dividing $150,000 by the fair market value of our
common stock on the date of grant. Each deferred stock unit
constitutes an unfunded and
23
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
unsecured promise by us to deliver one share of
our common stock (or the equivalent value thereof in cash or
property). These deferred stock units vest 25% one year from the
date of grant, and at a rate of 2.08% per month thereafter.
If the services of the director are terminated at any time, all
rights to the unvested deferred stock units shall also
terminate. All eBay officers, directors and employees are
eligible to receive awards under the plan, although, to date,
awards have been made only to new non-employee directors. As of
September 30, 2004, 7,793 units had been awarded under
this plan.
We have stock option plans for directors,
officers and employees. These stock options generally vest 25%
one year from the date of grant (or 12.5% six months from the
date of grant for grants to existing employees) and the
remainder vest at a rate of 2.08% per month thereafter, and
generally expire 10 years from the date of grant. Stock
options issued prior to June 1998 were exercisable immediately,
subject to repurchase rights held by us, which lapsed over the
vesting period. At September 30, 2004, stock options for
58.1 million shares were available for future grant.
The following table summarizes activity under our
stock option plans for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2003 and 2004 (shares in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30,
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Price
|
|
Shares
|
|
Price
|
|
Shares
|
|
Price
|
|
Shares
|
|
Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at beginning of period
|
|
|
71,755
|
|
|
$
|
30.71
|
|
|
|
72,687
|
|
|
$
|
42.30
|
|
|
|
74,355
|
|
|
$
|
26.86
|
|
|
|
69,205
|
|
|
$
|
33.87
|
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
6,282
|
|
|
|
54.44
|
|
|
|
3,225
|
|
|
|
85.00
|
|
|
|
25,045
|
|
|
|
44.46
|
|
|
|
19,372
|
|
|
|
73.02
|
|
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(3,864
|
)
|
|
|
25.19
|
|
|
|
(2,159
|
)
|
|
|
34.32
|
|
|
|
(21,790
|
)
|
|
|
25.48
|
|
|
|
(13,305
|
)
|
|
|
31.44
|
|
|
Cancelled
|
|
|
(1,196
|
)
|
|
|
31.31
|
|
|
|
(808
|
)
|
|
|
48.88
|
|
|
|
(4,633
|
)
|
|
|
31.36
|
|
|
|
(2,327
|
)
|
|
|
44.84
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at end of period
|
|
|
72,977
|
|
|
|
33.03
|
|
|
|
72,945
|
|
|
|
44.34
|
|
|
|
72,977
|
|
|
|
33.03
|
|
|
|
72,945
|
|
|
|
44.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercisable at end of period
|
|
|
21,218
|
|
|
$
|
27.59
|
|
|
|
25,732
|
|
|
$
|
32.26
|
|
|
|
21,218
|
|
|
$
|
27.59
|
|
|
|
25,732
|
|
|
$
|
32.26
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following table summarizes information about
stock options outstanding at September 30, 2004 (shares in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options Exercisable at
|
|
|
|
Options Outstanding at September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
Average
|
|
Average
|
|
Number of
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Remaining
|
|
Exercise
|
|
Shares
|
|
Exercise
|
|
Range of Exercise Prices
|
|
Outstanding
|
|
Contractual Life
|
|
Price
|
|
Exercisable
|
|
Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$0.16 $20.04
|
|
|
7,494
|
|
|
|
5.8 years
|
|
|
$
|
14.83
|
|
|
|
5,678
|
|
|
$
|
13.38
|
|
|
$20.81 $28.15
|
|
|
7,475
|
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
|
26.66
|
|
|
|
3,297
|
|
|
|
25.82
|
|
|
$28.16 $30.22
|
|
|
8,014
|
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
|
29.11
|
|
|
|
3,730
|
|
|
|
29.12
|
|
|
$30.27 $37.60
|
|
|
8,555
|
|
|
|
7.0
|
|
|
|
33.27
|
|
|
|
4,623
|
|
|
|
33.22
|
|
|
$37.62 $38.78
|
|
|
8,928
|
|
|
|
8.2
|
|
|
|
38.71
|
|
|
|
2,908
|
|
|
|
38.59
|
|
|
$38.78 $54.74
|
|
|
7,952
|
|
|
|
8.0
|
|
|
|
46.54
|
|
|
|
3,051
|
|
|
|
45.85
|
|
|
$54.75 $66.93
|
|
|
6,600
|
|
|
|
9.0
|
|
|
|
56.71
|
|
|
|
1,044
|
|
|
|
55.30
|
|
|
$67.76 $69.23
|
|
|
12,502
|
|
|
|
9.4
|
|
|
|
69.19
|
|
|
|
1,394
|
|
|
|
69.23
|
|
|
$69.26 $91.66
|
|
|
5,296
|
|
|
|
9.8
|
|
|
|
82.96
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
70.10
|
|
|
$93.10 $93.10
|
|
|
129
|
|
|
|
10.0
|
|
|
|
93.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
72,945
|
|
|
|
8.0
|
|
|
$
|
44.34
|
|
|
|
25,732
|
|
|
$
|
32.26
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable
|
|
Unexercisable
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Price
|
|
Shares
|
|
Price
|
|
Shares
|
|
Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In-the-money
|
|
|
25,732
|
|
|
$
|
32.26
|
|
|
|
47,084
|
|
|
$
|
50.82
|
|
|
|
72,816
|
|
|
$
|
44.26
|
|
|
Out-of-the-money
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
129
|
|
|
|
93.10
|
|
|
|
129
|
|
|
|
93.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total options outstanding
|
|
|
25,732
|
|
|
$
|
32.26
|
|
|
|
47,213
|
|
|
$
|
50.93
|
|
|
|
72,945
|
|
|
$
|
44.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In-the-money options are options with an exercise
price lower than the $91.94 closing price of our common stock on
September 30, 2004. Out-of-the-money options are options
with an exercise price greater than the $91.94 closing price of
our common stock on September 30, 2004.
25
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following table summarizes additional stock
option information related to grants made to our employees and
grants made specifically to named officers, which include our
chief executive officer and the other four most highly
compensated officers during the year (in thousands, except
percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total outstanding shares of common stock (at
period end)
|
|
|
644,598
|
|
|
|
662,901
|
|
|
|
644,598
|
|
|
|
662,901
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As a percentage of total outstanding shares of
common stock:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grants during the period
|
|
|
1
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
|
|
3
|
%
|
|
Total outstanding in-the-money grants
|
|
|
10
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
|
10
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
Total outstanding grants
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
Grants to named officers during the period
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
Total outstanding grants to named officers
|
|
|
1
|
%
|
|
|
1
|
%
|
|
|
1
|
%
|
|
|
1
|
%
|
|
Total stock option grants during the period
|
|
|
6,282
|
|
|
|
3,225
|
|
|
|
25,045
|
|
|
|
19,372
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grants to named officers during the period as a
percent of total grants during the period
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
10
|
%
|
|
|
8
|
%
|
|
Total outstanding stock option grants (at period
end)
|
|
|
72,977
|
|
|
|
72,945
|
|
|
|
72,977
|
|
|
|
72,945
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total outstanding grants to named officers as a
percent of total stock option grants outstanding
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
Note 10
|
Subsequent Events
|
|
|
|
|
|
Internet Auction Co., Ltd.
|
On October 5, 2004, we closed our tender
offer to purchase additional shares of IAC. We purchased
approximately 344,000 shares, increasing our ownership
interest from approximately 97% prior to this purchase to
approximately 99.7%. Based on the October 6, 2004 exchange
rate, the cash consideration for these additional shares was
approximately $37.4 million.
26
Item 2: Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report contains statements that involve
expectations, plans or intentions (such as those relating to
future business or financial results, new features or services,
or management strategies). These statements are forward-looking
and are subject to risks and uncertainties, so actual results
may vary materially. You can identify these forward-looking
statements by words such as may, will,
should, expect, anticipate,
believe, estimate, intend,
plan and other similar expressions. You should
consider our forward-looking statements in light of the risks
discussed under the heading Risk Factors That May Affect
Results of Operations and Financial Condition below, as
well as our consolidated financial statements, related notes,
and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this
report and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange
Commission. We assume no obligation to update any
forward-looking statements.
You should read the following Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations in conjunction with the condensed consolidated
financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere
in this document.
Overview
We pioneered online trading by developing an
Internet-based marketplace in which a community of buyers and
sellers are brought together in an entertaining, intuitive,
easy-to-use environment to browse, buy and sell an enormous
variety of items. Through our PayPal service, we enable any
business or consumer with email to send and receive online
payments securely, conveniently and cost-effectively.
|
|
|
|
|
Executive Operating and Financial
Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our focus is on understanding our key
operating and financial metrics
|
Members of our senior management team regularly
review key operating metrics such as new users, active users,
listings and gross merchandise volume (which is a measure of the
total value of all successfully closed listings on our global
marketplace) as well as new user accounts, total payment volume
and merchant services transactions processed by our wholly-owned
PayPal subsidiary. Members of our senior management also
regularly review key financial information including net
revenues, operating income margins, earnings per share, cash
flows from operations and free cash flows, which we define as
operating cash flows less net purchases of property and
equipment. These operating and financial measures allow us to
monitor the health and vibrancy of our marketplace and the
profitability of our business and to evaluate the effectiveness
of investments that we have made and continue to make in the
areas of international expansion, customer support, product
development, marketing and site operations. We believe that an
understanding of these key operating and financial measures and
how they change over time is important to investors, analysts
and other parties analyzing our business results and future
market opportunities.
|
|
|
|
|
Our expectations for growth
|
We expect that our growth in net revenues during
the last quarter of 2004 will result primarily from increased
net transaction revenues across our U.S., International, and
Payments segments, with a higher sequential growth rate in our
historically strong fourth quarter than was reported in the
third quarter. The expected future growth in our Payments
segment net revenues will continue to cause downward pressure on
our gross margin and operating profit margin as a result of our
Payments segments lower gross margins. We continue to make
investments in our business and infrastructure to help us
achieve our long-term growth objectives. We expect to continue
our investments in the areas of international expansion,
customer support, site operations, product development,
marketing and various corporate infrastructure areas. We believe
these investments are necessary to support the long-term demands
of our growing business as well as to build the infrastructure
necessary to support long-term growth. In addition, to the
extent that the U.S. dollar
27
strengthens or weakens against foreign
currencies, and, in particular, the Euro and the British Pound,
the remeasurement of these foreign currency denominated
transactions into U.S. dollars will negatively or
positively impact our consolidated net revenues, operating
expenses and net income.
The detailed discussion of our consolidated
financial condition and consolidated results of operations
contained herein is intended to provide information to assist
investors, analysts and other parties reading this report in
understanding the key operating and financial measures
summarized above as well as the changes in our consolidated
results of operations from period to period and the primary
factors that accounted for those changes.
The following table sets forth, for the periods
presented, our total net revenues and the sequential quarterly
growth of these net revenues.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31
|
|
June 30
|
|
September 30
|
|
December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$
|
245,106
|
|
|
$
|
266,287
|
|
|
$
|
288,779
|
|
|
$
|
413,928*
|
|
|
|
Current quarter vs prior quarter
|
|
|
12
|
%
|
|
|
9
|
%
|
|
|
8
|
%
|
|
|
43
|
%
|
|
2003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$
|
476,492
|
|
|
$
|
509,269
|
|
|
$
|
530,942
|
|
|
$
|
648,393
|
|
|
|
Current quarter vs prior quarter
|
|
|
15
|
%
|
|
|
7
|
%
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
|
|
22
|
%
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$
|
756,239
|
|
|
$
|
773,412
|
|
|
$
|
805,876
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Current quarter vs prior quarter
|
|
|
17
|
%
|
|
|
2
|
%
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Includes revenue from PayPal subsequent to our
acquisition on October 3, 2002.
|
As our business matures, transaction activity
patterns on our websites increasingly mirror general consumer
buying patterns, both online and offline. In the third quarter
of 2004 we experienced anticipated seasonal patterns that have
become, and we believe will continue to become, amplified. This
gradual development has translated into, and we believe will
continue to translate into, periods of increasingly stronger
sequential growth for us in the first and fourth quarters of the
year, followed by periods of weaker or no sequential growth in
the second and third quarters of the year.
28
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth, for the
periods presented, certain data from our condensed consolidated
statement of income as a percentage of net revenues. This
information should be read in conjunction with our condensed
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included
elsewhere in this report.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
December 31,
|
|
March 31,
|
|
June 30,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
2004
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
Cost of net revenues
|
|
|
20.6
|
|
|
|
17.8
|
|
|
|
17.8
|
|
|
|
18.9
|
|
|
|
19.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
79.4
|
|
|
|
82.2
|
|
|
|
82.2
|
|
|
|
81.1
|
|
|
|
80.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
25.7
|
|
|
|
26.6
|
|
|
|
25.5
|
|
|
|
24.5
|
|
|
|
25.7
|
|
|
|
Product development
|
|
|
7.5
|
|
|
|
7.2
|
|
|
|
7.0
|
|
|
|
7.8
|
|
|
|
7.9
|
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
14.0
|
|
|
|
14.8
|
|
|
|
12.0
|
|
|
|
13.3
|
|
|
|
13.1
|
|
|
|
Payroll tax on employee stock options
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
0.7
|
|
|
|
0.7
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
Amortization of acquired intangible assets
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
50.0
|
|
|
|
50.8
|
|
|
|
47.0
|
|
|
|
48.3
|
|
|
|
49.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from operations
|
|
|
29.4
|
|
|
|
31.3
|
|
|
|
35.3
|
|
|
|
32.8
|
|
|
|
31.5
|
|
|
Interest and other income, net
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
|
|
2.9
|
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(0.4
|
)
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
Impairment of certain equity investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change, income taxes and minority interests
|
|
|
30.4
|
|
|
|
32.6
|
|
|
|
38.1
|
|
|
|
35.4
|
|
|
|
32.9
|
|
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
(9.6
|
)
|
|
|
(10.3
|
)
|
|
|
(11.3
|
)
|
|
|
(10.5
|
)
|
|
|
(10.0
|
)
|
|
Minority interests
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative effect of accounting
change
|
|
|
20.5
|
|
|
|
22.0
|
|
|
|
26.5
|
|
|
|
24.6
|
|
|
|
22.6
|
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax
|
|
|
(1.0
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
19.4
|
%
|
|
|
22.0
|
%
|
|
|
26.5
|
%
|
|
|
24.6
|
%
|
|
|
22.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our net revenues are derived primarily from
listing, feature and final value fees paid by sellers on our
eBay platform and fees from payment processing services. Our net
revenues have continued to grow year over year, primarily as a
result of increased auction and fixed-price transaction
activity, reflected in the growth in the number of our confirmed
registered users, user activity, listings, user gross
merchandise volume on our eBay platform and payment transactions
processed by PayPal. We believe these increases are largely the
result of our promotional efforts and our emphasis on enhancing
the online trading experience of our user community, both
domestically and internationally, through the introduction of
new site features and functionality and expanded trust and
safety programs.
We have continued to invest in international
expansion, customer support, site operations, corporate
infrastructure, product development and marketing. The cost of
these investments has been offset, partially, by operational and
cost efficiencies.
29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Net Revenues by Segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
|
|
$
|
266,088
|
|
|
|
31
|
%
|
|
$
|
347,343
|
|
|
$
|
759,716
|
|
|
|
34
|
%
|
|
$
|
1,020,394
|
|
|
|
International
|
|
|
156,475
|
|
|
|
83
|
%
|
|
|
286,516
|
|
|
|
451,879
|
|
|
|
82
|
%
|
|
|
823,450
|
|
|
|
Payments
|
|
|
108,379
|
|
|
|
59
|
%
|
|
|
172,017
|
|
|
|
305,108
|
|
|
|
61
|
%
|
|
|
491,683
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues
|
|
$
|
530,942
|
|
|
|
52
|
%
|
|
$
|
805,876
|
|
|
$
|
1,516,703
|
|
|
|
54
|
%
|
|
$
|
2,335,527
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Revenues by Type:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net transaction revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
|
|
$
|
256,076
|
|
|
|
29
|
%
|
|
$
|
330,643
|
|
|
$
|
733,337
|
|
|
|
33
|
%
|
|
$
|
975,979
|
|
|
|
International
|
|
|
154,715
|
|
|
|
82
|
%
|
|
|
282,294
|
|
|
|
447,374
|
|
|
|
82
|
%
|
|
|
813,124
|
|
|
|
Payments
|
|
|
106,350
|
|
|
|
56
|
%
|
|
|
166,282
|
|
|
|
298,892
|
|
|
|
61
|
%
|
|
|
480,610
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net transaction revenues
|
|
|
517,141
|
|
|
|
51
|
%
|
|
|
779,219
|
|
|
|
1,479,603
|
|
|
|
53
|
%
|
|
|
2,269,713
|
|
|
Advertising and other non-transaction net revenues
|
|
|
13,801
|
|
|
|
93
|
%
|
|
|
26,657
|
|
|
|
37,100
|
|
|
|
77
|
%
|
|
|
65,814
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues
|
|
$
|
530,942
|
|
|
|
52
|
%
|
|
$
|
805,876
|
|
|
$
|
1,516,703
|
|
|
|
54
|
%
|
|
$
|
2,335,527
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Revenues by Geography:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
|
|
$
|
351,187
|
|
|
|
33
|
%
|
|
$
|
467,545
|
|
|
$
|
1,001,679
|
|
|
|
37
|
%
|
|
$
|
1,372,471
|
|
|
|
International
|
|
|
179,755
|
|
|
|
88
|
%
|
|
|
338,331
|
|
|
|
515,024
|
|
|
|
87
|
%
|
|
|
963,056
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues
|
|
$
|
530,942
|
|
|
|
52
|
%
|
|
$
|
805,876
|
|
|
$
|
1,516,703
|
|
|
|
54
|
%
|
|
$
|
2,335,527
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues are allocated between U.S. and
International geographies based upon the country in which the
seller, payment recipient, advertiser or service provider is
located.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions, except percentages)
|
|
Supplemental Operating Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. and International Segments(1):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Confirmed registered users(2)
|
|
|
85.5
|
|
|
|
46
|
%
|
|
|
125.0
|
|
|
|
85.5
|
|
|
|
46
|
%
|
|
|
125.0
|
|
|
|
Active users(3)
|
|
|
37.4
|
|
|
|
38
|
%
|
|
|
51.7
|
|
|
|
37.4
|
|
|
|
38
|
%
|
|
|
51.7
|
|
|
|
Number of listings(4)
|
|
|
234.6
|
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
348.0
|
|
|
|
679.3
|
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
1,008.0
|
|
|
|
Gross merchandise volume(5)
|
|
$
|
5,775
|
|
|
|
44
|
%
|
|
$
|
8,307
|
|
|
$
|
16,727
|
|
|
|
46
|
%
|
|
$
|
24,358
|
|
|
Payments Segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total accounts(6)
|
|
|
35.2
|
|
|
|
61
|
%
|
|
|
56.7
|
|
|
|
35.2
|
|
|
|
61
|
%
|
|
|
56.7
|
|
|
|
Active accounts(7)
|
|
|
11.2
|
|
|
|
55
|
%
|
|
|
17.4
|
|
|
|
11.2
|
|
|
|
55
|
%
|
|
|
17.4
|
|
|
|
Total number of payments(8)
|
|
|
57.4
|
|
|
|
45
|
%
|
|
|
83.4
|
|
|
|
161.6
|
|
|
|
49
|
%
|
|
|
240.3
|
|
|
|
Total payment volume(9)
|
|
$
|
3,044
|
|
|
|
52
|
%
|
|
$
|
4,637
|
|
|
$
|
8,515
|
|
|
|
56
|
%
|
|
$
|
13,308
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Our classified vehicle advertising platform in
Germany, mobile.de, is not included in these metrics.
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Cumulative total of all users who have completed
their registration process on one of eBays trading
platforms.
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
All users, excluding Baazee.com, EachNet,
Half.com, Internet Auction and mobile.de users, who bid on,
bought, listed, or sold an item within the previous 12-month
period.
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
All listings on eBays trading platforms,
including new eBay Stores listings, during the period,
regardless of whether the listing subsequently closed
successfully.
|
30
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
Total value of all successfully closed listings
between users on eBays trading platforms during the
period, regardless of whether the buyer and seller actually
consummated the transaction.
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
Cumulative total of all personal, premier, or
business accounts opened, excluding accounts that have been
closed or locked.
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
All accounts that sent or received at least one
payment through the PayPal system during the period.
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
Total number of payments initiated through the
PayPal system during the period, regardless of whether the
payment was actually sent successfully, or was reversed,
rejected, or pending at the end of the period.
|
|
|
|
(9)
|
Total dollar volume of payments initiated through
the PayPal system during the period, regardless of whether the
payment was actually sent successfully, or was reversed,
rejected, or was pending at the end of the period.
|
The U.S. segment includes our
U.S. online marketplace trading platforms, other than our
PayPal and Billpoint subsidiaries. The International segment
includes our international online marketplace trading platforms
excluding those of our PayPal and Billpoint subsidiaries. The
Payments segment includes our global payments platform
consisting of our PayPal and Billpoint subsidiaries. We
completed our planned wind-down of Billpoint in the first half
of 2003.
Our net revenues result from fees associated with
our transaction, advertising and other services in our U.S.,
International and Payments segments. Transaction net revenues
are derived primarily from listing, feature and final value fees
paid by sellers and fees from payment processing services. Net
revenues from advertising are derived principally from the sale
of online banner and sponsorship advertisements for cash and
through barter arrangements. Other net revenues are derived
principally from contractual arrangements with third parties
that provide transaction services to eBay and PayPal users.
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. and International Segments Net
Transaction Revenues
|
Total net transaction revenues from the U.S. and
International segments in aggregate increased 49% during the
third quarter of 2004, compared to the same period in the prior
year and 52% during the first nine months of 2004, compared to
the same period in the prior year. The growth in both U.S. and
International segment net transaction revenues was primarily the
result of increased auction transaction activity, reflected in
the growth of the number of registered users, listings and gross
merchandise volume. Gross merchandise volume from the U.S. and
International segments increased 44% and 46% during the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004, respectively, compared to
the same periods in the prior year. U.S. and International
segment net transaction revenues as a percentage of user gross
merchandise volume was 7.4% and 7.3% during the third quarter
and first nine months of 2004, respectively, compared to 7.1%
during the same periods in the prior year, reflecting the impact
of our fee increases. In addition, our users experienced gross
merchandise volume growth across all major categories with
motors, clothing & accessories, books,
movies & music, consumer electronics, home &
garden, and sports making the most significant year-over-year
impact for both the third quarter and first nine months of 2004.
U.S. segment net transaction revenues
increased 29% during the third quarter of 2004, compared to the
same period in the prior year, and 33% during the first nine
months of 2004, compared to the same period in the prior year.
Gross merchandise volume from the U.S. segment increased
24% and 28% during the third quarter and first nine months of
2004, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior
year. Our U.S. operations have, as expected, experienced
seasonality during the third quarter of 2004.
We expect our U.S. segment net transaction
revenues to increase in total in the fourth quarter of 2004 as
compared to each of the first three quarters of 2004.
International segment net transaction revenues
increased 82% during the third quarter and first nine months of
2004, compared to the same periods in the prior year,
respectively. International segment net
31
transaction revenues as a percentage of total
transaction net revenues was 36% during the third quarter and
first nine months of 2004 compared to 30% in the same periods in
the prior year. The growth in our International segment net
transaction revenues, both in absolute terms and as a percentage
of total net transaction revenues was primarily the result of a
strong performance in Germany, the United Kingdom, and South
Korea. The relative strength of foreign currencies, primarily
the Euro, against the U.S. dollar, resulted in increased
net revenues of approximately $21.5 million and
$91.8 million during the third quarter and first nine
months of 2004, respectively, when compared to the results if
the weighted-average foreign currency exchange rates used in the
preparation of our consolidated financial statements in the same
periods in the prior year were used.
Changes in foreign currency rates will impact our
operating results, and to the extent that the U.S. dollar
strengthens, our foreign currency denominated transaction net
revenues will be negatively impacted.
We expect our International segment net
transaction revenues to increase in total in the fourth quarter
of 2004 as compared to each of the first three quarters of 2004.
|
|
|
|
|
Payments Segment Net Transaction
Revenues
|
Payments segment net transaction revenues
increased 56% and 61% during the third quarter and first nine
months of 2004, respectively, compared to the same periods in
the prior year. Payments segment net transaction revenues as a
percentage of total net transaction revenues was 21% during the
third quarter and first nine months of 2004, respectively,
compared to 21% and 20%, respectively, in the same periods in
the prior year. The growth in our Payments segment net
transaction revenues, both in absolute terms and as a percentage
of total net transaction revenues is primarily the result of
increases in transaction volume.
Our Payments segment net transaction revenues as
a percentage of total payment volume was 3.6% during the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004, respectively, compared to
3.5% during the same periods in the prior year. The growth in
Payments net transaction revenues was positively affected by
PayPals continued penetration of eBay transactions in all
countries, particularly in the United Kingdom. Further, Payments
net transaction revenues have grown in connection with the
increase in U.S. and International segment gross merchandise
volume during the third quarter and first nine months of 2004.
The relative strength of foreign currencies, primarily the Euro,
against the U.S. dollar and the British Pound, resulted in
increased net revenues of approximately $844,000 and
$3.6 million during the third quarter and first nine months
of 2004, respectively, when compared to the results if the
weighted-average foreign currency exchange rates used in the
preparation of our consolidated financial statements in the same
periods in the prior year were used.
Net transaction revenues from the Payments
segment earned internationally totaled $51.8 million and
$139.6 million during the third quarter and first nine
months of 2004, respectively, representing 31% and 29% of total
Payments segment net transaction revenue. This can be compared
to net transaction revenues from the Payments segment earned
internationally of $23.3 million and $63.1 million
during the third quarter and first nine months of 2003,
respectively, representing 21% of total Payments segment net
transaction revenue for both the third quarter and first nine
months of 2003.
We expect the Payments segment net transaction
revenues to increase in total during the fourth quarter of 2004
as compared to each of the first three quarters of 2004. In
addition, we expect the impact of foreign currency translation
to be potentially more significant as we increase the
international operations of our Payments segment.
|
|
|
|
|
Advertising and Other Net
Revenues
|
Advertising and other net revenues increased
during the third quarter and first nine months of 2004 as
compared to the same periods in 2003. Advertising and other net
revenues represented 3% of total net revenues during the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004, compared to 3% and 2%,
respectively, during the same periods in the prior year. Barter
net revenues included in third-party advertising net revenues
during the third quarter and first nine months of 2004 totaled
$4.5 million and $9.6 million, respectively. We
continue
32
to view our business as primarily transaction
driven and we expect advertising and other net revenues to
remain relatively stable as a percentage of total net revenues
during the fourth quarter of 2004.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Cost of net revenues
|
|
$
|
109,353
|
|
|
|
44
|
%
|
|
$
|
157,121
|
|
|
$
|
300,601
|
|
|
|
46
|
%
|
|
$
|
438,010
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
20.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19.5
|
%
|
|
|
19.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18.8
|
%
|
Cost of net revenues consists primarily of costs
associated with customer support, site operations and payment
processing. Significant cost components include bank charges,
credit card interchange fees, other payment processing costs,
employee compensation and facilities costs for our customer
support and site operations, Internet connectivity charges,
depreciation of equipment and amortization of required
capitalization of major site and product development costs.
The increase in cost of net revenues during the
third quarter and first nine months of 2004, compared to the
same periods in the prior year, was primarily due to an increase
in the volume of transactions on the eBay and PayPal websites,
the impact of PayPals higher structural costs, and
continued development and expansion of our customer support and
site operations infrastructure. Payment processing costs were
$75.2 million and $215.3 million during the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004, respectively,
representing an increase of $19.7 million and
$56.4 million, respectively, compared to the same periods
in the prior year. This increase reflects the substantial
increase in PayPals total payment volume. Aggregate
customer support and site operations costs increased
approximately $28.5 million and $78.9 million during
the third quarter and first nine months of 2004, respectively,
as compared to the same periods in the prior year. The increase
was primarily due to an increase in aggregate depreciation of
site equipment and amortization of capitalized software
development costs by $10.6 million and $26.9 million
in the third quarter and first nine months of 2004,
respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior year.
The remainder of the increase was due primarily to an increase
in headcount, related employee costs, and increased consultant
fees. Costs of net revenues are expected to increase in total
and to remain generally comparable as a percentage of net
revenues during the fourth quarter of 2004 as compared to the
third quarter of 2004.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
$
|
136,408
|
|
|
|
52
|
%
|
|
$
|
207,155
|
|
|
$
|
394,784
|
|
|
|
49
|
%
|
|
$
|
588,995
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
25.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.7
|
%
|
|
|
26.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.2
|
%
|
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of
advertising, tradeshow and other promotional costs, employee
compensation for our category development and marketing staff
and certain trust and safety programs.
Sales and marketing expenses increased in total
in the third quarter and first nine months of 2004, as compared
to the same periods in the prior year, due to our continued
investment in growing our user base and our development of new
media campaigns. Growth in advertising and marketing costs as
well as employee-related costs comprised the majority of the
increase. Combined advertising and marketing costs increased
$42.1 million and $106.7 million during the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004, respectively, as compared
to the same periods in the prior year. This increase was
primarily the result of our marketing programs directed towards
our Internet marketing and domestic and international television
and radio advertising campaigns as well as several
category-focused print campaigns. Employee-related costs
increased
33
by approximately $20.6 million and
$56.9 million during the third quarter and first nine
months of 2004, respectively, as compared to the same periods in
the prior year. Sales and marketing expenses are expected to
increase in total, and to remain generally comparable as a
percentage of net revenues during the fourth quarter of 2004. In
addition, our online marketing expenses are expected to increase
because of increases in the volume of, and especially rates for,
online advertising that we expect to purchase in order to
attract new customers and increase user activity on our websites.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Product development
|
|
$
|
39,737
|
|
|
|
60
|
%
|
|
$
|
63,403
|
|
|
$
|
112,888
|
|
|
|
56
|
%
|
|
$
|
176,079
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
7.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.9
|
%
|
|
|
7.4
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.5
|
%
|
Product development expenses consist primarily of
employee compensation, payments to consultants, facilities costs
and depreciation on equipment used for development. Product
development expenses are net of required capitalization of major
site and other product development efforts, including the
development of our V3 platform architecture, global
billing, seller tools and payment gateway projects. These
capitalized costs totaled $11.4 million in the third
quarter of 2003 and $10.7 million in the third quarter of
2004, and are reflected as a cost of net revenues when amortized
in future periods. During the first nine months of 2003 and
2004, capitalized costs for major site and other product
development efforts totaled $28.4 million and
$30.7 million, respectively. We anticipate that we will
continue to devote significant resources to product development
in the future as we add new features and functionality to the
eBay and PayPal platforms.
The increase in product development expenses in
the third quarter and first nine months of 2004, as compared to
the same periods in the prior year, was primarily the result of
increased headcount and consultant costs. These increases were
partially offset by the amounts capitalized in connection with
major site and other product development efforts in the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004. The headcount growth was
focused on hiring new employees for various platform development
initiatives at eBay and PayPal, both domestically and
internationally. Consultant and employee-related costs increased
by approximately $17.7 million and $45.7 million
during the third quarter and first nine months of 2004,
respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior year.
The remainder of the increase for both periods was due primarily
to increases in facilities costs and depreciation expenses.
Product development costs increased as a percentage of net
revenues in the third quarter and first nine months of 2004 as
compared to the same periods of 2003 due primarily to the
continued investment in our platforms. Product development
expenses are expected to increase in total and remain generally
comparable as a percentage of net revenues during the fourth
quarter of 2004 as compared to the third quarter of 2004 as we
develop new site features and functionality and continue to
improve and expand operations across all our segments.
|
|
|
|
|
General and Administrative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
$
|
74,238
|
|
|
|
43
|
%
|
|
$
|
105,871
|
|
|
$
|
206,714
|
|
|
|
45
|
%
|
|
$
|
299,447
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
14.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.1
|
%
|
|
|
13.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.8
|
%
|
General and administrative expenses consist
primarily of employee compensation, provisions for transaction
losses associated with our Payments segment, depreciation of
equipment, provision for doubtful accounts, insurance and
professional fees.
General and administrative expenses increased in
total in the third quarter and first nine months of 2004, as
compared to the same periods in the prior year, but decreased
slightly as a percentage of total net revenues. The dollar
increase was due primarily to employee and facilities related
costs, depreciation of equipment, fees
34
for external professional advisors and
consultants and payment transaction loss expenses resulting from
our increased activity. The increases in employee and facilities
related costs resulted from continued headcount growth in the
finance, human resource and legal departments to meet the
demands of our expanding business, including growing
international operations and the integration of acquired
businesses. Consultant and employee-related costs increased by
approximately $15.5 million and $40.3 million during
the third quarter and first nine months of 2004, as compared to
the same periods in the prior year. PayPals payment
transaction loss expense was $10.3 million and
$32.7 million during the third quarter and first nine
months of 2004, respectively, as compared to $6.8 million
and $24.9 million during the same periods in the prior
year. PayPals payment transaction loss rate, which is the
transaction loss expense as a percentage of PayPals total
payment volume, was 0.22% and 0.25% during the third quarter and
first nine months of 2004, respectively, as compared to 0.22%
and 0.29% during the same periods in the prior year. We expect
to experience a higher transaction loss rate in the fourth
quarter of 2004 as compared to each of the first three quarters
of 2004 as a result of the buyer protection program, or BPP, as
well as seasonal factors, which have historically driven higher
activity during the fourth quarter. The loss experience from BPP
has been lower than expected, but this may change as we offer
BPP in more countries and increase the level of protection
offered to buyers in the fourth quarter of 2004. The remaining
increase in general and administrative expenses is due to our
increased activity and relates primarily to fees for external
professional advisors, facilities and legal-related expenses.
During the first nine months of 2004, we migrated
eBay users from our legacy billing system to a newly implemented
global billing system. As we managed this migration, we
intentionally delayed several billing cycles to facilitate the
migration process and to allow additional time for quality
assurance reviews. The delay in billing cycles continued into
the third quarter of 2004 and resulted in an increase in the
average days our customer account balances are outstanding.
Although we believe this change in account balance aging is a
temporary condition, our historical experience indicates an
increased risk of collection for accounts receivable balances
aged greater than 60 days. We evaluated our historical
experience along with other known facts and circumstances in
accordance with our historical accounting policy. Based on this
evaluation, our provision for doubtful accounts during the third
quarter of 2004 totaled $18.8 million, or 2.3% of net
revenues, compared to $12.2 million, or 2.3% of net
revenues, during the third quarter of 2003. The allowance for
doubtful accounts receivable at September 30, 2004 was
$45.9 million.
With our continued investment in the
infrastructure needed to support our business, we expect general
and administrative expenses to increase in total and to remain
generally comparable as a percentage of net revenues during the
fourth quarter of 2004 as compared to the third quarter of 2004.
|
|
|
|
|
Patent Litigation Expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Patent litigation expense
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
29,965
|
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patent litigation expense for the nine months
ended September 30, 2003 related to the accrual of an
August 6, 2003 court judgment resulting from the
MercExchange patent infringement lawsuit. See
Note 8 Contingencies to our
condensed consolidated financial statements.
|
|
|
|
|
Payroll Tax on Employee Stock
Options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Payroll tax on employee stock options
|
|
$
|
1,510
|
|
|
|
30
|
%
|
|
$
|
1,957
|
|
|
$
|
7,984
|
|
|
|
54
|
%
|
|
$
|
12,289
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
%
|
|
|
0.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
%
|
35
We are subject to employer payroll taxes on
employee gains resulting from exercises of non-qualified stock
options. These employer payroll taxes are recorded as a charge
to operations in the period in which such options are exercised
and sold based on actual gains realized by employees. Our
results of operations and cash flows could vary significantly
depending on the actual period that stock options are exercised
by employees and, consequently, the amount of employer payroll
taxes assessed. In general, we expect payroll taxes on employee
stock option gains to increase during periods in which our stock
price is high relative to historic levels.
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of Acquired Intangible
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Amortization of acquired intangible assets
|
|
$
|
13,824
|
|
|
|
19
|
%
|
|
$
|
16,456
|
|
|
$
|
37,668
|
|
|
|
23
|
%
|
|
$
|
46,188
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
2.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
%
|
|
|
2.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
%
|
From time to time we have purchased, and we
expect to continue purchasing, assets or businesses to
accelerate category and geographic expansion, increase the
features and functions available to our users and maintain a
leading role in online trading. These purchase transactions may
result in the creation of acquired intangible assets and lead to
a corresponding increase in the amortization expense in future
periods.
Intangible assets include purchased customer
lists and user base, trademarks and trade names, developed
technologies, and other intangible assets. We amortize
intangible assets, excluding goodwill, using the straight-line
method over estimated useful lives ranging from one to eight
years. We believe the straight-line method of amortization best
represents the distribution of economic value of the identified
intangible assets.
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase
price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable
intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill
is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment,
applying a fair-value based test. We evaluate goodwill, at a
minimum, on an annual basis and whenever events and changes in
circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be
recoverable. Our annual impairment test was carried out as of
August 31, 2004, and we determined that no impairment
existed at that date. There were no events or circumstances from
that date through September 30, 2004 that would impact this
assessment.
We expect amortization of acquired intangible
assets to increase slightly during the fourth quarter of 2004 as
compared to the third quarter of 2004 primarily as a result of
the acquired intangible assets of mobile.de, Baazee.com and
Internet Auction.
|
|
|
|
|
Interest and Other Income, Net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Interest and other income, net
|
|
$
|
7,806
|
|
|
|
69
|
%
|
|
$
|
13,163
|
|
|
$
|
26,419
|
|
|
|
124
|
%
|
|
$
|
59,105
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
1.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.6
|
%
|
|
|
1.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.5
|
%
|
Interest and other income, net consists of
interest earned on cash, cash equivalents and investments as
well as foreign exchange transaction gains and losses and other
miscellaneous non-operating transactions.
Our interest and other income, net, increased
during the third quarter of 2004 as compared to the same period
in the prior year, primarily as a result of gains recorded in
the third quarter of 2004 due to certain facility sublease
amendments in the first quarter of 2004 in addition to our
portion of EachNets losses recorded in the third quarter
of 2003 prior to the acquisition of EachNets remaining
outstanding common stock. Our interest and other income, net,
increased during the first nine months of 2004, as compared to
the
36
same period in the prior year, primarily as a
result of gains from the sale of an equity investment,
amendments to certain subleases, and contract terminations. In
addition, we recorded increased interest income primarily due to
increased cash, cash equivalents and investments balances. The
weighted-average interest rate of our portfolio was
approximately 1.6% and 1.8% in the third quarter and first nine
months of 2003, respectively, compared to 1.6% and 1.5%,
respectively, in the same periods of 2004.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
$
|
2,267
|
|
|
|
1
|
%
|
|
$
|
2,236
|
|
|
$
|
2,335
|
|
|
|
183
|
%
|
|
$
|
6,614
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
0.4
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
|
|
0.2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
Interest expense consists of interest charges on
mortgage notes, capital leases and our consolidated operating
lease arrangement related to our San Jose headquarters
office facilities.
In January 2003, the FASB issued FIN 46,
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. In
accordance with the provisions of this standard, we have
included our San Jose headquarters lease arrangement in our
consolidated financial statements effective July 1, 2003.
Beginning July 1, 2003, our income statement reflects the
reclassification of lease payments on our San Jose
headquarters office facilities from operating expense to
interest expense. We expect our interest expense during the
fourth quarter of 2004 will remain generally comparable with the
third quarter of 2004.
|
|
|
|
|
Impairment of Certain Equity
Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Impairment of certain equity investments
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
230
|
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During the first nine months of 2003, we recorded
an impairment charge as a result of the deterioration of the
financial condition of certain of our private and public equity
investees. We identified these impairment losses as part of our
normal process of assessing the quality of our investment
portfolio. The impairment loss reflects a decline in fair value
and other market conditions that we believe are other than
temporary. We did not record any impairments of our equity
investments during the third quarter or first nine months of
2004. We expect that the fair value of our equity investments
will fluctuate from time to time and future impairment
assessments may result in additional charges to our operating
results.
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for Income Taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
$
|
51,137
|
|
|
|
58
|
%
|
|
$
|
80,749
|
|
|
$
|
139,698
|
|
|
|
78
|
%
|
|
$
|
248,103
|
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
9.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.0
|
%
|
|
|
9.2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.6
|
%
|
|
Effective tax rate
|
|
|
32
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
%
|
|
|
31
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
%
|
The provision for income taxes differs from the
amount computed by applying the statutory U.S. federal rate
principally due to non-deductible expenses related to
acquisitions, state taxes, subsidiary losses for which we have
not provided a benefit and other factors that increase the
effective tax rate. These expenses are partially offset by
decreases resulting from foreign income with lower effective tax
rates, tax credits, and tax-exempt interest income.
37
The lower effective tax rates for the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004, as compared to the same
periods in the prior year reflects the increasing profit
contribution from our international operations that are subject
to lower tax rates.
We receive tax deductions from the gains realized
by employees on the exercise of certain non-qualified stock
options for which the benefit is recognized as a component of
stockholders equity. We have evaluated our deferred tax
assets relating to these stock option deductions along with our
other deferred tax assets and concluded that a valuation
allowance is required for that portion of the total deferred tax
assets that are not considered more likely than not to be
realized in future periods. Should a valuation allowance no
longer be required, the tax benefit of tax deductions related to
stock options would be accounted for as a credit to additional
paid-in capital rather than a reduction of the income tax
provision.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
Ended
|
|
Percent
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
September 30, 2003
|
|
Change
|
|
September 30, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages)
|
|
Minority interests
|
|
$
|
(1,611
|
)
|
|
|
8
|
%
|
|
$
|
(1,742
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,533
|
)
|
|
|
10
|
%
|
|
$
|
(6,063
|
)
|
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
%
|
|
|
0.4
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
Minority interests represents the minority
investors percentage share of income or losses from
subsidiaries in which we hold a majority ownership interest and
consolidate the subsidiaries results in our financial
statements. Third parties held minority interests in various of
our subsidiaries during the third quarters and first nine months
of 2003 and 2004.
The change in minority interests in the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004, as compared to the same
periods in the prior year is due primarily to our acquisition of
an additional 35% ownership interest in Internet Auction.
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Effect of Change in Accounting
Principle
|
In accordance with the provisions of FIN 46,
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, we have
included our San Jose headquarters lease arrangement in our
consolidated financial statements effective July 1, 2003.
Our income statement for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2003, reflects the reclassification of lease
payments on our San Jose headquarters from operating
expense to interest expense, beginning with our adoption of
FIN 46 on July 1, 2003, a $5.4 million after-tax
charge for cumulative depreciation for periods from lease
inception through June 30, 2003, and incremental
depreciation expense of approximately $400,000, net of tax, per
quarter for periods after June 30, 2003. We have adopted
the provisions of FIN 46 prospectively from July 1,
2003, and as a result, have not restated prior periods. The
cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle arising
from the adoption of FIN 46 has been reflected in net
income during the third quarter and first nine months of 2003.
|
|
|
|
|
Impact of Foreign Currency
Translation
|
During the third quarter and first nine months of
2004, our international net revenues, based upon the country in
which the seller, payment recipient, advertiser or other service
provider is located, accounted for approximately 42% and 41% of
our consolidated net revenues, respectively, as compared to
approximately 34% of our net revenues in both of the same
periods in the prior year. The growth in our international
operations has increased our exposure to foreign currency
fluctuations. Net revenues and related expenses generated from
international locations are denominated in the functional
currencies of the local countries, and include Euros, British
Pounds, Korean Won, Canadian Dollars and Australian Dollars. The
results of operations and certain of our inter-company balances
associated with our international locations are exposed to
foreign exchange rate fluctuations. The income statements of our
international operations are translated into U.S. dollars
at the average exchange rates in each applicable period. To the
extent the U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies,
the translation of these foreign currency denominated
transactions results in increased net
38
revenues, operating expenses and net income.
Similarly, our net revenues, operating expenses and net income
will decrease when the U.S. dollar strengthens against
foreign currencies.
During the third quarter and the first nine
months of 2004, the U.S. dollar weakened against the Euro
as compared to the same periods in 2003. Using the
weighted-average foreign currency exchange rates from the third
quarter of 2003, our net revenues for the same period of 2004
would have been lower than we reported using the actual exchange
rate for the third quarter of 2004, by approximately
$22.3 million, of which $21.5 million and $844,000
relate to our International and Payments segments, respectively.
Using the weighted-average foreign currency exchange rates from
the first nine months of 2003, our net revenues for the same
period of 2004 would have been lower than we reported using the
actual exchange rate for the first nine months of 2004, by
approximately $95.4 million, of which $91.8 million
and $3.6 million relate to our International and Payments
segments, respectively. In addition, if the weighted-average
foreign currency exchange rates from the third quarter and first
nine months of 2003 were applied to our operating expenses for
the corresponding periods of 2004, these operating expenses
would have been lower than we reported using the actual exchange
rates during these periods by approximately $12.4 million
and $36.2 million, respectively. The majority of this
impact relates to the Euro. We expect our international
operations will continue to grow in significance as we develop
and deploy our global marketplace. As a result, foreign currency
fluctuations in future periods could become more significant and
may have a negative impact on our net revenues and net income.
See the information in Item 3 of Part I under the
subheading Foreign Currency Risk for additional
discussion of the impact of foreign currency translation and
related hedging activities.
We convert the financial statements of our
foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars. When there is a
change in foreign currency exchange rates, the conversion of the
foreign subsidiaries financial statements into
U.S. dollars will lead to a translation gain or loss.
Translation exposure is the change in the book value of assets,
liabilities, revenues, and expenses that results from changes in
foreign currency exchange rates. From time to time we enter into
transactions to hedge portions of our foreign currency
denominated earnings translation exposure using both foreign
currency options and forward contracts. In addition, we have
certain assets and liabilities that are denominated in
currencies other than the relevant entitys functional
currency. In certain circumstances, changes in the functional
currency value of these assets and liabilities create
fluctuations that will lead to a transaction gain or loss. From
time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward contracts
to minimize the short-term foreign currency fluctuations on such
assets and liabilities. The aggregate notional amount of these
forward contracts entered into in the third quarter of 2004 was
13.1 million Euros and 13.4 million British Pounds.
The notional amount of the forward contracts entered into in the
first nine months of 2004 was 67.0 million Euros and
13.4 million British Pounds. The losses on the forward
contracts for the third quarter of 2004 totaled approximately
$173,000, while the gains for the first nine months of 2004
totaled approximately $1.4 million, which were recorded in
interest and other income, net, in the third quarter and first
nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively. We did
not enter into any foreign currency option hedges during the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2004. All
contracts that hedge translation exposure mature ratably over
the quarter in which they are executed.
We currently charge our foreign subsidiaries on a
monthly basis for their use of eBays intellectual property
and technology and for corporate services provided by eBay Inc.
such as insurance, tax and legal. This charge is denominated in
Euros and these forecasted inter-company transactions at eBay
Inc. represent a foreign currency cash flow exposure. To reduce
foreign exchange risk relating to these forecasted inter-company
transactions, we entered into forward foreign exchange contracts
during the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The
objective of the forward contracts is to ensure that the
U.S. dollar-equivalent cash flows are not adversely
affected by changes in the U.S. dollar/ Euro exchange rate.
Pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 133 Accounting for Derivatives and Hedging
Activities (FAS 133), we expect the hedge of these
forecasted transactions using the forward contracts to be highly
effective in offsetting changes in cash flows. Accordingly, we
record as a component of other comprehensive income all
unrealized gains and losses related to the forward contracts
that receive hedge accounting treatment. We record all
unrealized gains and losses in interest and other income, net,
related to the forward contracts that do not receive hedge
accounting treatment pursuant to FAS 133. During the third
quarter and first nine months of 2004, we released from
accumulated other comprehensive income to our consolidated
results of operations
39
losses totaling $239,000 and gains totaling
$269,000, respectively, as forward contracts with a notional
value of 38.8 million and 85.1 million Euros,
respectively, of the hedged forecasted inter-company
transactions were recognized by the parent company. During the
third quarter of 2004 we recorded an unrealized loss in interest
and other income, net, related to forward contracts that do not
receive hedge accounting treatment totaling approximately
$128,000. The notional amount of the forward contracts entered
into in the third quarter and first nine months of 2004 was
6.5 million and 131.8 million Euros, respectively. The
outstanding forward contracts at September 30, 2004 had a
notional value of 40.2 million Euros (approximately
$49.9 million at September 30, 2004). The unrealized
loss on these outstanding forward contracts totaled
approximately $1.4 million and was recorded as a component
of other comprehensive income at September 30, 2004.
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|
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Foreign Exchange Hedging Policy
|
We are a rapidly growing company, with an
increasing proportion of our operations outside the
U.S. Accordingly, our foreign currency exposures have
increased substantially and are expected to continue to grow.
The objective of our foreign exchange exposure management
program is to identify material foreign currency exposures and
to manage these exposures to minimize the potential effects of
currency fluctuations on our reported consolidated
U.S. dollar cash flows, net revenues, and income.
Our primary foreign currency exposures are
transaction, economic and translation:
Transaction
Exposure:
Around the world, we have
certain assets and liabilities, primarily receivables,
investments and accounts payable (including inter-company
transactions) that are denominated in currencies other than the
relevant entitys functional currency. In certain
circumstances, changes in the functional currency value of these
assets and liabilities create fluctuations in our reported
financial position, results of operations and cash flows. We may
enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to minimize the
short-term foreign currency fluctuations on such assets and
liabilities. The gains and losses on the foreign exchange
forward contracts offset the transaction gains and losses on
certain foreign currency receivables, investments and payables
recognized in earnings.
Economic Exposure:
We also have anticipated and unrecognized future cash flows,
including revenues and expenses, denominated in currencies other
than the relevant entitys functional currency. Our primary
economic exposures include future royalty receivables, customer
collections, and vendor payments. Changes in the relevant
entitys functional currency value will cause fluctuations
in the cash flows we expect to receive when these cash flows are
realized or settled. We may enter into foreign exchange forward
contracts or other instruments to fix the value of a portion of
these cash flows. We account for these foreign exchange
contracts as cash flow hedges. The effective portion of the
derivatives gain or loss is initially reported as a
component of other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently
reclassified into earnings.
Earnings Translation
Exposure:
As our international
operations grow, fluctuations in the foreign currencies create
volatility in our reported results of operations as we are
required to consolidate the results of operations of our foreign
denominated subsidiaries. We may decide to purchase forward
exchange contracts or other instruments to offset the earnings
impact of currency fluctuations. Such contracts will be
marked-to-market on a monthly basis and any unrealized gain or
loss recorded in interest and other income, net.
We continue to believe that employee stock
options represent an appropriate and essential component of our
overall compensation program. We grant options to substantially
all employees and believe that this broad-based program helps us
to attract, motivate, and retain high quality employees, to the
ultimate benefit of our stockholders. Stock options granted
during the year ended December 31, 2003 represented
approximately 4% of our total outstanding common stock at
December 31, 2003, a substantial portion of which were
granted to new employees.
40
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|
Recent Accounting
Pronouncements
|
On March 31, 2004, the FASB issued a
proposed Statement, Share-Based Payment, an amendment of
FASB Statements No. 123 and 95, that addresses the
accounting for share-based payment transactions in which an
enterprise receives employee services in exchange for either
equity instruments of the enterprise or liabilities that are
based on the fair value of the enterprises equity
instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such
equity instruments. The proposed statement would eliminate the
ability to account for share-based compensation transactions
using the intrinsic value method prescribed by Accounting
Principles Board, or APB, Opinion No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees, and generally would require
that such transactions be accounted for using a fair-value-based
method and recognized as expenses in our consolidated statement
of income. The proposed standard would require that the modified
prospective method be used, which requires that the fair value
of new awards granted from the beginning of the year of adoption
(plus unvested awards at the date of adoption) be expensed over
the vesting term. In its current form, the proposed statement
would require companies to assess the most appropriate model to
calculate the value of the options. We currently use the
Black-Scholes option pricing model to value options and are
currently assessing which model we may use in the future under
the proposed statement and may deem an alternative model to be
the most appropriate. The use of a different model to value
options may result in a different fair value than the use of the
Black-Scholes option pricing model. In addition, there are a
number of other requirements under the proposed standard that
would result in differing accounting treatment than currently
required, should the proposed standard be implemented in its
current form. These differences include, but are not limited to,
the accounting for the tax benefit on employee stock options and
for stock issued under our employee stock purchase plan. The
recommended effective date of the proposed standard for public
companies is currently for fiscal periods beginning after
June 15, 2005.
Should this proposed statement be finalized in
its current form, it will have a significant impact on our
consolidated statement of income as we will be required to
expense the fair value of our stock option grants and stock
purchases under our employee stock purchase plan rather than
disclose the impact on our consolidated net income within our
footnotes, as is our current practice (see Note 1 of the
notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
contained herein).
As of September 30, 2004, eBay Inc. and its
consolidated subsidiaries employed approximately 7,600 people
(excluding approximately 600 temporary employees), of whom
approximately 5,500 were in the United States (excluding
approximately 500 temporary employees). Our future success is
substantially dependent on the performance of our executive and
senior management and key technical personnel, and our
continuing ability to find and retain highly qualified technical
and managerial personnel.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
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Nine Months Ended
|
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|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
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|
|
2003
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
(In thousands)
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in):
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating activities
|
|
$
|
606,701
|
|
|
$
|
904,108
|
|
|
|
Investing activities
|
|
|
(725,826
|
)
|
|
|
(1,271,914
|
)
|
|
|
Financing activities
|
|
|
568,462
|
|
|
|
426,643
|
|
|
|
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash
equivalents
|
|
|
25,225
|
|
|
|
(4,440
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
474,562
|
|
|
$
|
54,397
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
41
We generated cash from operating activities in
amounts greater than net income in the nine months ended
September 30, 2003 and 2004. This result was driven mainly
by non-cash charges to earnings. Non-cash charges to earnings
included depreciation and amortization on our long-term assets,
tax benefits on the exercise of employee stock options resulting
from our increasing stock price and the related increases in the
personal gains recognized by our employees, provision for
doubtful accounts and authorized credits resulting from
increasing revenues, provision for transaction losses resulting
from increased total payment volumes processed by our PayPal
subsidiary, and other costs. Net cash provided by operating
activities during the first nine months of 2003 resulted
primarily from our net income, tax benefits from employee stock
options and non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization.
During the first nine months of 2004, we used net cash provided
by operating activities primarily to fund acquisitions and
purchases of property and equipment. We currently expect that
the cash flows from operations for the fourth quarter of 2004
will continue to exceed net income. We believe that existing
cash, cash equivalents and investments, together with any cash
generated from operations, will be sufficient to fund our
operating activities, capital expenditures and other obligations
for the foreseeable future. However, if during that period or
thereafter we are not successful in generating sufficient cash
flows from operations or in raising additional capital when
required in sufficient amounts and on terms acceptable to us,
our business could suffer.
The net cash flows used in investing activities
during the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2004
were due primarily to the movement of cash between investments
and cash, and by the acquisitions and the purchase of property
and equipment. Net cash used in investing activities during the
first nine months of 2003 primarily consists of capital
expenditures primarily related to our purchase of new facilities
in San Jose, California for $125.1 million and the
purchase of the remaining outstanding capital stock of EachNet
of approximately $104.9 million. Net cash used in investing
activities during the first nine months of 2004 primarily
consists of the payment of $33.4 million as the last
installment of our purchase of EachNet, the payment of
$137.8 million, net of cash acquired, for the acquisition
of mobile.de, the payment of $46.2 million, net of cash
acquired, for the acquisition of Baazee.com, and the payment of
$484.8 million for the purchase of additional shares of
IAC. Purchases of property and equipment totaled
$269.6 million during the first nine months of 2003 and
$210.0 million during the first nine months of 2004 and
related primarily to purchases of computer equipment and
software to support our site operations, customer support and
international expansion. Our purchases of property and equipment
during the first nine months of 2003 also included the new
facilities in San Jose, California.
The net cash flows provided by financing
activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2003
and 2004 were due primarily to proceeds from stock option
exercises. Proceeds from stock option exercises totaled
$570.2 million during the first nine months of 2003 and
$429.2 million during the first nine months of 2004. Our
future cash flows from stock options are difficult to project as
such amounts are a function of our stock price, the number of
options outstanding, and the decisions by employees to exercise
stock options. In general, we expect proceeds from stock option
exercises to increase during periods in which our stock price
has increased relative to historical levels.
The effect of exchange rates on cash and cash
equivalents during the nine months ended September 30, 2003
was due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar against other
foreign currencies, primarily the Euro. The effect of exchange
rates on cash and cash equivalents during the nine months ended
September 30, 2004 was due to the strengthening of the
U.S. dollar against other foreign currencies, primarily the
Euro.
We expect capital expenditures, without taking
into account acquisitions, to approximate $315 million for
2004. We estimate that the required capitalization of product
development costs will approximate $35 million for 2004.
The remaining balance will be used primarily for the purchase of
computer hardware and software of approximately
$205 million, and furniture and fixtures, leasehold
improvements and other corporate assets that we expect will
amount to approximately $75 million in the aggregate.
42
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Other Financial Arrangements
|
As of September 30, 2004, we did not have
any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably
likely to have, a current or future material effect on our
consolidated financial condition, results of operations,
liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
In February 2004, we elected not to extend the
lease period for our San Jose corporate headquarters. The
lease on these facilities will end on March 1, 2005, at
which time we will purchase the facilities and pay
$126.4 million to the lessor at lease expiration.
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Indemnification Provisions
|
During the ordinary course of business, we have
included limited indemnification provisions in certain of our
agreements with parties with whom we have commercial relations,
including our standard marketing, promotions and
application-programming-interface license agreements. Under
these contracts, we generally indemnify, hold harmless, and
agree to reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or
incurred by the indemnified party in connection with claims by
any third party with respect to our domain names, trademarks,
logos and other branding elements to the extent that such marks
are applicable to our performance under the subject agreement.
In a limited number of agreements, including agreements under
which we have developed technology for certain commercial
parties, we have provided an indemnity for other types of
third-party claims, substantially all of which are indemnities
related to our copyrights, trademarks, and patents. To date, no
significant costs have been incurred, either individually or
collectively, in connection with our indemnification provisions.
On August 6, 2004 we entered into a
commitment to purchase a corporate aircraft for a total purchase
price of $40.3 million. Upon execution of the agreement, we
paid a deposit of $4.0 million, with the remaining amount
to be paid in installments prior to delivery, which has been
scheduled for the fourth quarter of 2005.
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Internet Auction Co., Ltd.
|
On October 5, 2004, we closed our tender
offer to purchase additional shares of IAC. We purchased
approximately 344,000 shares, increasing our ownership
interest from approximately 97% prior to this purchase to
approximately 99.7%. Based on the October 6, 2004 exchange
rate, the total cash consideration for these additional shares
was approximately $37.4 million.
Risk Factors That May Affect Results of
Operations and Financial Condition
The risks and uncertainties described below
are not the only ones facing us. Other events that we do not
currently anticipate or that we currently deem immaterial also
may impair our business operations.
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|
Our operating results may
fluctuate.
|
Our operating results have varied on a quarterly
basis during our operating history. Our operating results may
fluctuate significantly as a result of a variety of factors,
many of which are outside our control. Factors that may affect
our quarterly operating results include the following:
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our ability to retain an active user base, to
attract new users and to encourage existing users to list items
for sale, purchase items through our service, or use our payment
services;
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the amount and timing of operating costs and
capital expenditures relating to the maintenance and expansion
of our businesses, operations, and infrastructure;
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43
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new laws or regulations, or interpretations of
existing laws or regulations, that harm the Internet, electronic
commerce, or our business model;
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our ability to comply with the requirements of
entities whose services are required for our operations, such as
credit card associations;
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our ability to upgrade and develop our systems,
infrastructure, and customer service capabilities to accommodate
growth at a reasonable cost;
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technical difficulties or service interruptions
involving our websites or services provided to our users by
third parties;
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the success of our geographic and product
expansions;
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the actions of our competitors, including the
introduction of new sites, services, and products;
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the volume, size, timing, and completion rate of
transactions on our websites;
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consumer confidence in the safety and security of
transactions on our websites;
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the costs and results of litigation that involves
us;
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our ability to keep our websites operational at a
reasonable cost;
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our ability to develop product enhancements at a
reasonable cost and to develop programs and features in a timely
manner, including expanding our fixed-price offerings;
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our ability to successfully integrate and manage
our acquisitions, including EachNet, mobile.de, and, most
recently, Baazee.com;
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our ability to manage PayPals transaction
loss and credit card chargeback rate and payment funding mix;
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our ability to expand PayPals product
offerings outside of the U.S. (including our ability to
obtain any necessary regulatory approvals) and to increase the
acceptance of PayPal by online merchants outside of the eBay
marketplace;
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our ability to attract new personnel in a timely
and effective manner and to retain key employees;
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the results of regulatory decisions that affect
us;
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the timing, cost, and availability of advertising
in traditional media and on other websites and online services;
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the success of our brand building and marketing
campaigns;
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the continued financial strength of our
technology suppliers and other parties with whom we have
commercial relations;
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increasing consumer acceptance of the Internet
and other online services for commerce in the face of increasing
publicity about fraud, spoofing, viruses, and other dangers of
the Internet;
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|
general economic conditions and those economic
conditions specific to the Internet and e-commerce
industries; and
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geopolitical events such as war, threat of war,
or terrorist actions.
|
Our limited operating history and the increased
variety of services offered on our websites make it difficult
for us to forecast the level or source of our revenues or
earnings accurately. In view of the rapidly evolving nature of
our business and our limited operating history, we believe that
period-to-period comparisons of our operating results may not be
meaningful, and you should not rely upon them as an indication
of future performance. We do not have backlog, and substantially
all of our net revenues each quarter come from transactions
involving sales or payments during that quarter. Due to the
inherent difficulty in forecasting revenues it is also difficult
to forecast income statement expenses as a percentage of net
revenues. Quarterly
44
and annual income statement expenses as a
percentage of net revenues may be significantly different from
historical or projected rates. Our operating results in one or
more future quarters may fall below the expectations of
securities analysts and investors. In that event, the trading
price of our common stock would almost certainly decline.
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We may not maintain our level of
profitability.
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We believe that our continued profitability at
historical levels will depend in large part on our ability to do
the following:
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attract new users and keep existing users active
on our websites;
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manage the costs of our business, including the
costs associated with maintaining and developing our websites,
customer support, transaction and chargeback rates, and
international and product expansion;
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maintain sufficient transaction volume to attract
buyers and sellers;
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increase the awareness of our brands; and
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provide our customers with superior community,
customer support, and trading experiences.
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We invest heavily in marketing and promotion,
customer support, and further development of operating
infrastructure for our core and recently acquired operations.
Some of this investment entails long-term contractual
commitments. As a result, we may be unable to adjust our
spending rapidly enough to compensate for any unexpected revenue
shortfall, which may harm our profitability. In addition, we are
spending in advance of anticipated growth, which may also harm
our profitability. The expected future growth of our PayPal
business may also cause downward pressure on our profit margin
because that business has lower gross margins than our eBay
business.
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System failures could harm our
business.
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We have experienced system failures from time to
time, and any interruption in the availability of our websites
will reduce our current revenues and profits, could harm our
future revenues and profits, and could subject us to regulatory
scrutiny. eBays primary website has been interrupted for
periods of up to 22 hours, and our PayPal site suffered
intermittent unavailability over a five-day period in October
2004. Any unscheduled interruption in our services results in an
immediate, and possibly substantial, loss of revenues. Frequent
or persistent interruptions in our services could cause current
or potential users to believe that our systems are unreliable,
leading them to switch to our competitors or to avoid our sites,
and could permanently harm our reputation and brands. These
interruptions increase the burden on our engineering staff,
which, in turn, could delay our introduction of new features and
services on our sites. Because PayPal is a regulated financial
entity, frequent or persistent site interruptions could lead to
regulatory inquiries. These inquiries could result in fines,
penalties, or mandatory changes to PayPals business
practices, and ultimately could cause PayPal to lose existing
licenses it needs to operate or prevent it from obtaining
additional licenses that it needs to expand. Finally, because
our customers may use our products for critical transactions,
any system failures could result in damage to our
customers businesses. These customers could seek
significant compensation from us for their losses. Even if
unsuccessful, this type of claim likely would be time consuming
and costly for us to address.
Although our systems have been designed around
industry-standard architectures to reduce downtime in the event
of outages or catastrophic occurrences, they remain vulnerable
to damage or interruption from earthquakes, floods, fires, power
loss, telecommunication failures, terrorist attacks, computer
viruses, computer denial-of-service attacks, and similar events.
Some of our systems, including PayPals customer support
operations, are not fully redundant, and our disaster recovery
planning is not sufficient for all eventualities. Our systems
are also subject to break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of
vandalism. Despite any precautions we may take, the occurrence
of a natural disaster, a decision by any of our third-party
hosting providers to close a facility we use without adequate
notice for financial or other reasons, or other unanticipated
problems at our hosting facilities could result in lengthy
interruptions in our services. In addition, the failure by our
hosting
45
facilities to provide our required data
communications capacity could result in interruptions in our
service. We do not carry business interruption insurance
sufficient to compensate us for losses that may result from
interruptions in our service as a result of system failures.
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Our failure to manage growth could harm our
business.
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We are currently expanding our headcount,
facilities, and infrastructure in the U.S. and internationally.
We anticipate that further expansion will be required to address
potential growth in our customer base and number of listings and
payment transactions, as well as our expansion into new
geographic areas, types of goods, and alternative methods of
sale. This expansion has placed, and we expect it will continue
to place, a significant strain on our management, operational,
and financial resources. The areas that are put under strain by
our growth include the following:
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Our Websites.
We
must constantly add new hardware, update software and add new
engineering personnel to accommodate the increased use of our
and our subsidiaries websites and the new products and
features we regularly introduce. This upgrade process is
expensive, and the increased complexity of our websites
increases the cost of additional enhancements. Failure to
upgrade our technology, features, transaction processing
systems, security infrastructure, or network infrastructure to
accommodate increased traffic or transaction volume could harm
our business. Adverse consequences could include unanticipated
system disruptions, slower response times, degradation in levels
of customer support, impaired quality of users experiences
of our services, impaired quality of services for third-party
application developers using our externally accessible
Application Programming Interface, or API, and delays in
reporting accurate financial information. We may be unable to
effectively upgrade and expand our systems in a timely manner or
smoothly integrate any newly developed or purchased technologies
or businesses with our existing systems, and any failure to do
so could result in problems on our sites. We recently
experienced unscheduled downtime on the PayPal website related
to the introduction of software and hardware upgrades intended
to improve site scalability. Despite our efforts to increase
site scalability and reliability, our infrastructure could prove
unable to handle a larger volume of customer transactions. Any
failure to accommodate transaction growth could impair customer
satisfaction, lead to a loss of customers, impair our ability to
add customers, or increase our costs, all of which would harm
our business. Further, steps to increase the reliability and
redundancy of our systems are expensive, reduce our margins, and
may not be successful in reducing the frequency or duration of
unscheduled downtime.
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Customer
Account Billing.
Our revenues
depend on prompt and accurate billing processes. We recently
completed a significant project to enhance our billing software.
Problems with the conversion to the new billing system during
the first and second quarters of 2004 caused incorrect account
balance totals to be displayed for some users. In July 2004, a
complaint seeking class action status was filed alleging that
eBay improperly billed its users and improperly debited some
user accounts. While these problems have been corrected and we
believe that no users were overcharged, our failure to grow our
transaction-processing capabilities to accommodate the
increasing number of transactions that must be billed would harm
our business and our ability to collect revenue.
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Customer Support.
We
are expanding our customer support operations to accommodate the
increased number of users and transactions on our websites and
the increased level of trust and safety activity we provide
worldwide. If we are unable to provide these operations in a
cost-effective manner, users of our websites may have negative
experiences, current and future revenues could suffer, and our
operating margins may decrease.
|
We must continue to hire, train, and manage new
employees at a rapid rate. If our new hires perform poorly, if
we are unsuccessful in hiring, training, managing, and
integrating these new employees, or if we are not successful in
retaining our existing employees, our business may be harmed. To
manage the expected growth of our operations and personnel, we
will need to improve our transaction processing, operational and
financial systems, procedures, and controls. This is a special
challenge as we acquire new operations with different systems.
Our current and planned personnel, systems, procedures, and
controls may not be adequate
46
to support our future operations. The additional
headcount and capital investments we are adding increase our
cost base, which will make it more difficult for us to offset
any future revenue shortfalls by expense reductions in the short
term.
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There are many risks associated with our
international operations.
|
Our international expansion has been rapid and we
have only limited experience in many of the countries in which
we now do business. Our international business, especially in
Germany, the U.K., Canada, and South Korea, has also become
critical to our revenues and profits. Expansion into
international markets requires management attention and
resources. We have limited experience in localizing our service
to conform to local cultures, standards and policies. In many
countries, we compete with local companies who understand the
local market better than we do. We may not be successful in
expanding into particular international markets or in generating
revenues from foreign operations. For example, in 2002 we
withdrew from the Japanese market. Even if we are successful, we
expect the costs of operating new sites to exceed our net
revenues for at least 12 months in most countries. As we
continue to expand internationally, including through the
expansion of PayPal, we are subject to risks of doing business
internationally, including the following:
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regulatory requirements, including regulation of
auctioneering, professional selling, distance selling, banking,
and money transmitting, that may limit or prevent the offering
of eBays and PayPals services in some jurisdictions,
prevent enforceable agreements between sellers and buyers,
prohibit the listing of certain categories of goods, require
special licensure, or limit the transfer of information between
eBay and our affiliates;
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legal uncertainty regarding our liability for the
listings and other content provided by our users, including
uncertainty as a result of less Internet-friendly legal systems,
unique local laws, and lack of clear precedent or applicable law;
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difficulties in integrating with local payment
providers, including banks, credit and debit card associations,
and electronic fund transfer systems;
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different employee/employer relationships and the
existence of workers councils and labor unions;
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difficulties in staffing and managing foreign
operations;
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longer payment cycles, different accounting
practices, and greater problems in collecting accounts
receivable;
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potentially adverse tax consequences, including
local taxation of our fees or of transactions on our websites;
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higher telecommunications and Internet service
provider costs;
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strong local competitors;
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different and more stringent consumer protection,
data protection and other laws;
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cultural ambivalence towards, or non-acceptance
of, online trading;
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seasonal reductions in business activity;
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expenses associated with localizing our products,
including offering customers the ability to transact business in
the local currency;
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laws and business practices that favor local
competitors or prohibit foreign ownership of certain businesses;
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profit repatriation restrictions, foreign
currency exchange restrictions, and exchange rate fluctuations;
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changes in a specific countrys or
regions political or economic conditions; and
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differing intellectual property laws.
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47
Some of these factors may cause our international
costs of doing business to exceed our comparable domestic costs.
As we expand our international operations and have additional
portions of our international revenues denominated in foreign
currencies, we also could become subject to increased
difficulties in collecting accounts receivable and risks
relating to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The
impact of currency exchange rate fluctuations is discussed in
more detail under We are exposed to fluctuations in
currency exchange rates, below.
We are in the process of expanding PayPals
services internationally. Both eBay and PayPal have limited
experience with the payments business outside of the
U.S. In some countries, expansion of PayPals business
may require a close commercial relationship with one or more
local banks. We do not know if these or other factors may
prevent, delay, or limit PayPals expansion or reduce its
profitability. Any limitation on our ability to expand PayPal
internationally could harm our business.
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Our investment in EachNet is subject to
risks and uncertainties relating to the laws and regulations of
the Peoples Republic of China.
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In July 2003, we completed the acquisition of the
remaining outstanding capital stock and options of EachNet.
EachNet is a Delaware corporation and a foreign person under the
laws of the Peoples Republic of China, or PRC, and is
subject to many of the risks of doing business internationally
described above in There are many risks associated with
our international operations. The PRC currently regulates
its Internet sector through regulations restricting the scope of
foreign investment and through the enforcement of content
restrictions on the Internet. While many aspects of these
regulations remain unclear, they purport to limit and require
licensing of various aspects of the provision of Internet
information services. These regulations have created substantial
uncertainties regarding the legality of foreign investments in
PRC Internet companies, including EachNet and the business
operations of such companies. In order to meet local ownership
and regulatory licensing requirements, the EachNet website is
operated through a foreign-owned enterprise indirectly owned by
EachNet Inc., which acts in cooperation with a local PRC company
owned by certain EachNet employees. We believe EachNets
current ownership structure complies with all existing PRC laws,
rules, and regulations. There are, however, substantial
uncertainties regarding the interpretation of current PRC laws
and regulations, and it is possible that the PRC government will
ultimately take a view contrary to ours. There are also
uncertainties regarding EachNets ability to enforce
contractual relationships it has entered into with respect to
management and control of the companys business. If
EachNet were found to be in violation of any existing or future
PRC laws or regulations, it could be subject to fines and other
financial penalties, have its business and Internet content
provider licenses revoked, or be forced to discontinue its
business entirely.
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We are exposed to fluctuations in currency
exchange rates.
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Net revenues outside the United States accounted
for approximately 34% of our net revenues in 2003, and
approximately 41% of our net revenues in the first nine months
of 2004. Because we conduct a significant and growing portion of
our business outside the United States but report our results in
U.S. dollars, we face exposure to adverse movements in
currency exchange rates. In connection with its multi-currency
service, PayPal fixes exchange rates twice per day, and may face
financial exposure if it incorrectly fixes the exchange rate.
PayPal also holds some corporate funds in
non-U.S. currencies to facilitate customer withdrawals, and
thus its financial results are affected by the translation of
these non-U.S. currencies into U.S. dollars. In
addition, the results of operations of our internationally
focused websites are exposed to foreign exchange rate
fluctuations as the financial results of the applicable
subsidiaries are translated from the local currency into
U.S. dollars upon consolidation. If the U.S. dollar
weakens against foreign currencies, the translation of these
foreign-currency-denominated transactions will result in
increased net revenues, operating expenses, and net income. The
change in weighted average foreign currency exchange rates in
the third quarter of 2004 relative to the third quarter of 2003
resulted in an increase in net revenues of approximately
$22.3 million and an increase in operating expenses of
approximately $12.4 million. The change in weighted average
foreign currency exchange rates in the first nine months of 2004
relative to the first nine months of 2003 resulted in an
increase in net revenues of approximately $95.4 million and
an increase in operating expenses of approximately
48
$36.2 million. Similarly, our net revenues,
operating expenses, and net income will decrease if the
U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign currencies. As
exchange rates vary, net sales and other operating results, when
translated, may differ materially from expectations. In
particular, to the extent the U.S. dollar strengthens
against the Euro and British Pound, our European revenues and
profits will be reduced as a result of these translation
adjustments.
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Our business and users may be subject to
sales tax and other taxes.
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The application of indirect taxes (such as sales
and use tax, value added tax, or VAT, goods and services tax,
business tax, and gross receipt tax) to e-commerce businesses
such as eBay and our users is a complex and evolving issue. Many
of the fundamental statutes and regulations that impose these
taxes were established before the growth of the Internet and
e-commerce. In many cases, it is not clear how existing statutes
apply to the Internet or e-commerce. In addition, some
jurisdictions have implemented or may implement laws
specifically addressing the Internet or some aspect of
e-commerce. The application of existing, new, or future laws
could have adverse effects on our business.
Several proposals have been made at the
U.S. state and local level that would impose additional
taxes on the sale of goods and services through the Internet.
These proposals, if adopted, could substantially impair the
growth of e-commerce, and could diminish our opportunity to
derive financial benefit from our activities. In 1998 and 2000,
the U.S. federal government enacted legislation prohibiting
states and other local authorities from imposing access or
discriminatory taxes on the Internet through November 1,
2003. The expiration of this moratorium has permitted states and
localities to impose new taxes on the Internet that could
adversely affect our business. So far, no such taxes have been
imposed on either eBay or eBay users and the U.S. Congress
continues to consider legislation to reinstate the moratorium.
The taxation of Internet access or e-commerce services would
have an adverse effect on our business.
In conjunction with the Streamlined Sales Tax
Project, legislation has been introduced in the
U.S. Congress to override the Supreme Courts
Quill
decision, which limits the ability of state
governments to require sellers outside of their own state to
collect and remit sales taxes on goods purchased by in-state
residents. An overturning of the
Quill
decision would
harm our users and our business.
We do not collect taxes on the goods or services
sold by users of our services. One or more states or foreign
countries may seek to impose a tax collection or reporting, or
record-keeping obligation on companies such as eBay that engage
in or facilitate e-commerce. Such an obligation could be imposed
if eBay were ever deemed to be the legal agent of eBay sellers
by a jurisdiction in which eBay operates. A successful assertion
by one or more states or foreign countries that we should
collect taxes on the exchange of merchandise or services on our
websites would harm our business.
On July 1, 2003, in compliance with the
changes brought about by the European Union (EU) VAT
directive on electronically supplied services, eBay
began collecting VAT on the fees charged to EU sellers on eBay
sites catering to EU residents. eBay also pays input VAT to
suppliers within the various countries the company operates. In
most cases, eBay is entitled to reclaim input VAT from the
various countries with regard to our own payments to suppliers
or vendors. However, because of our unique business model, the
application of the laws and rules that allow such reclamation is
sometimes uncertain. A successful assertion by one or more
countries that eBay is not entitled to reclaim VAT would harm
our business.
We continue to work with the relevant tax
authorities and legislators to clarify eBays obligations
under new and emerging laws and regulations. Passage of new
legislation and the imposition of additional tax requirements
could harm eBay sellers and our business. There have been, and
will continue to be, substantial ongoing costs associated with
complying with the various indirect tax requirements in the
numerous markets in which eBay conducts or will conduct business.
49
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Fraudulent activities on our websites and
disputes between users of our services may harm our
business.
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PayPal faces significant risks of loss due to
fraud and disputes between senders and recipients, including:
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merchant fraud and other disputes over the
quality of goods and services;
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unauthorized use of credit card and bank account
information and identity theft;
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the need to provide effective customer support to
process disputes between senders and recipients;
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potential breaches of system security;
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potential employee fraud; and
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use of PayPals system by customers to make
or accept payment for illegal or improper purposes.
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For the year ended December 31, 2003 and
nine months ended September 30, 2004, PayPals
provision for transaction losses totaled $36.4 million and
$32.7 million, respectively, representing 0.30% and 0.25%,
respectively, of PayPals total payment volume in those
periods. Failure to deal effectively with fraudulent
transactions and customer disputes would increase PayPals
loss rate and harm its business.
PayPals highly automated and liquid payment
service makes PayPal an attractive target for fraud. In
configuring its service, PayPal faces an inherent trade-off
between customer convenience and security. Identity thieves and
those committing fraud using stolen credit card or bank account
numbers can potentially steal large amounts of money from
businesses such as PayPal. We believe that several of
PayPals current and former competitors in the electronic
payments business have gone out of business or significantly
restricted their businesses largely due to losses from this type
of fraud. We expect that technically knowledgeable criminals
will continue to attempt to circumvent PayPals anti-fraud
systems. In addition, PayPals service could be subject to
employee fraud or other internal security breaches, and PayPal
would be required to reimburse customers for any funds stolen as
a result of such breaches.
PayPal incurs substantial losses from merchant
fraud, including claims from customers that merchants have not
performed or that their goods or services do not match the
merchants description. PayPal also incurs losses from
claims that the customer did not authorize the purchase, from
erroneous transmissions and from customers who have closed bank
accounts or have insufficient funds in them to satisfy payments.
In addition to the direct costs of such losses, if they are
related to credit card transactions and become excessive they
could result in PayPal losing the right to accept credit cards
for payment. If PayPal were unable to accept credit cards, the
velocity of trade on eBay could decrease, in which case our
business would further suffer. PayPal has been assessed
substantial fines for excess chargebacks in the past, and
excessive chargebacks may arise in the future. PayPal has taken
measures to detect and reduce the risk of fraud, but these
measures may not be effective. If these measures do not succeed,
our business will suffer.
In addition, prior to September 2003, some card
issuers treated purchases made through PayPal as the purchase of
a money transfer service rather than the purchase of goods and
services, which resulted in reduced chargeback rights for the
consumer if the consumer did not receive the goods or received
unsatisfactory goods. PayPal could be required to provide
consumers full chargeback rights in such pre-September 2003
cases, even if the normal time for exercising chargeback rights
has expired. PayPal must also now absorb the costs of
chargebacks from all card issuers for goods that are not
delivered or are not as described, which may result in increased
losses from merchant fraud and from disputes over the quality of
goods and services.
In October 2003, PayPal launched a buyer
protection program that refunds to buyers up to $500 in certain
eBay transactions if they do not receive the goods they
purchased or if the goods differ significantly from what was
described by the seller. PayPal recently announced that the
amount of protection available under its buyer protection
program would increase to $1,000 in November 2004. If PayPal
makes such a refund, it seeks to collect reimbursement from the
seller, but may not be able to receive any funds from the
seller. The PayPal buyer protection program has increased
PayPals loss rate and could cause future fluctuations.
50
eBay faces similar risks to those of PayPal with
respect to fraudulent activities, although eBays risks may
to some extent be less significant. eBay periodically receives
complaints from users who may not have received the goods that
they had purchased. In some cases individuals have been arrested
and convicted for fraudulent activities using our websites. eBay
also receives complaints from sellers who have not received
payment for the goods that a buyer had contracted to purchase.
Non-payment may occur because of miscommunication, because a
buyer has changed his or her mind and decided not to honor the
contract to purchase the item, or because the buyer bid on the
item maliciously, in order to harm either the seller or eBay. In
some European jurisdictions, buyers may also have the right to
withdraw from a sale made by a professional seller within a
specified time period.
While eBay can suspend the accounts of users who
fail to fulfill their payment or delivery obligations to other
users, eBay does not have the ability to require users to make
payment or deliver goods, or otherwise make users whole other
than through our limited buyer protection programs. Other than
through these programs, eBay does not compensate users who
believe they have been defrauded by other users. eBay also
periodically receives complaints from buyers as to the quality
of the goods purchased. We expect to continue to receive
communications from users requesting reimbursement or
threatening or commencing legal action against us if no
reimbursement is made. Our liability for these sort of claims is
only beginning to be clarified and may be higher in some
non-U.S. jurisdictions than it is in the
U.S. Litigation involving liability for third-party actions
could be costly for us, divert management attention, result in
increased costs of doing business, lead to adverse judgments, or
otherwise harm our business. In addition, affected users will
likely complain to regulatory agencies that could take action
against us, including imposing fines or seeking injunctions.
Negative publicity and user sentiment generated
as a result of fraudulent or deceptive conduct by users of our
eBay and PayPal services could damage our reputation, reduce our
ability to attract new users or retain our current users, and
diminish the value of our brand names.
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PayPals success in reducing fraud
losses depends in part on its ability to restrict the withdrawal
of customer funds while it investigates suspicious transactions.
PayPal has been and could again be sued by plaintiffs and has
received inquiries from governmental entities regarding its
account restriction and disclosure practices. If the results of
these lawsuits or inquiries are adverse to PayPal, it could be
required to pay substantial damages and restructure its
anti-fraud processes in ways that would harm its
business.
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As part of PayPals program to reduce fraud
losses, it may temporarily restrict the ability of customers to
withdraw their funds if those funds or the customers
account activity are identified by PayPals anti-fraud
models as suspicious. PayPal is subject to purported class
action lawsuits challenging its procedures and disclosures with
respect to suspicious accounts, and alleging that those
procedures and disclosures violate federal and state law on
consumer protection and unfair business practice and are
inconsistent with PayPals user agreement. PayPal has
reached a proposed settlement in those class action lawsuits
that has been conditionally approved by the court. PayPal has
also received inquiries regarding its restriction and disclosure
practices from the Federal Trade Commission and the attorneys
general of a number of states. If PayPals processes are
found to violate federal or state law on consumer protection and
unfair business practices, it could be subject to an enforcement
action or fines. If PayPal becomes subject to an enforcement
action, it could be required to restructure its anti-fraud
processes in ways that would harm its business, and to pay
substantial fines. Even if PayPal is able to defend itself
successfully, an enforcement action could cause damage to its
reputation, could consume substantial amounts of its
managements time and attention, and could require PayPal
to change its customer service and operations in ways that could
increase its costs and decrease the effectiveness of its
anti-fraud program.
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Changes to card association rules or
practices could negatively affect PayPals service and, if
it does not comply with the rules, could result in a termination
of PayPals ability to accept credit cards. If PayPal is
unable to accept credit cards, our business would
suffer.
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Because PayPal is not a bank, it cannot belong to
or directly access the Visa and MasterCard credit card
associations. As a result, PayPal must rely on banks or payment
processors to process transactions. PayPal is
51
required by its processors to comply with credit
card association operating rules, and PayPal has agreed to
reimburse its processors for any fines they are assessed by
credit card associations as a result of processing payments for
PayPal. The credit card associations and their member banks set
and interpret the credit card rules. Some of those member banks
compete with PayPal. Visa, MasterCard, American Express, or
Discover could adopt new operating rules or re-interpret
existing rules that PayPal or its processors might find
difficult or even impossible to follow. As a result, PayPal
could lose its ability to give customers the option of using
credit cards to fund their payments. If PayPal were unable to
accept credit cards, its business would be seriously damaged. In
addition, the velocity of trade on eBay could decrease and our
business would further suffer.
In 2002, both Visa and MasterCard adopted new
operating rules for Internet payment services like PayPal. In
order to comply with the associations new rules, PayPal
and its credit card processors have implemented changes to
existing business processes for customers in the U.S., Canada,
and Europe. Any problems with this implementation could result
in fines, the amount of which would be within Visas and
MasterCards discretion. PayPal and its processors are
working to implement changes to existing business processes for
international customers outside of the U.S., Canada and Europe,
and believe they have identified solutions for Hong Kong and
Australia but have not yet identified solutions for other
countries. Any continued inability to implement the necessary
changes with respect to customers outside the U.S., Canada and
Europe could result in fines or the inability of PayPal to
process MasterCard payments for international merchants in
certain countries. PayPal also could be subject to fines from
MasterCard and Visa if it fails to register and conduct
additional monitoring with respect to the activities of
merchants that are considered high risk, primarily
certain merchants that sell digital content. PayPal has incurred
fines from its credit card processor in 2003 and 2004 relating
to PayPals failure to detect the use of its service by
certain high risk merchants using the PayPal
service. The amount of these fines has not been material, but
any additional fines in the future would likely be for larger
amounts, could become material, and could result in a
termination of PayPals ability to accept credit cards,
which would seriously damage PayPals business.
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Increases in credit card processing fees
could increase PayPals costs, affect its profitability, or
otherwise limit its operations.
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From time to time, Visa, MasterCard, American
Express, and Discover may increase the interchange fees that
they charge for each transaction using one of their cards.
MasterCard and Visa have each announced increases to their
credit card interchange fees effective April 2004. Visa and
MasterCard both implemented a decrease in their debit card
interchange fees in August 2003 as a result of the settlement of
litigation, but the settlement agreement required them to
maintain these lower interchange fees only until January 2004,
and they have announced increases in debit card interchange
fees, in January 2004 and April 2004, respectively, to levels
close to those that prevailed prior to August 2003.
PayPals credit card processors have the right to pass any
increases in interchange fees on to PayPal as well as increase
their own fees for processing. The National Automated Clearing
House Association (NACHA) has also published a proposal to begin
charging fees for certain ACH transactions that are returned to
the originator, with a recommended implementation date of June
2005. Such increased credit card and ACH fees would increase
PayPals operating costs and reduce its profit margins.
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If PayPal were found to be subject to or in
violation of any U.S. laws or regulations governing
banking, money transmission or electronic funds transfers, it
could be subject to liability and forced to change its business
practices.
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We believe that the licensing or approval
requirements of the U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the
Currency, the Federal Reserve Board, and other federal or state
agencies that regulate banks, bank holding companies, or other
types of providers of e-commerce services do not apply to
PayPal, except for certain money transmitter licenses mentioned
below. However, one or more states may conclude that PayPal is
engaged in an unauthorized banking business. PayPal received
written communications from regulatory authorities in New York
and Louisiana in early 2002 expressing the view that its service
as it formerly operated constituted an unauthorized banking
business, and from authorities in California and Idaho in 2001
52
that its service might constitute an unauthorized
banking business. PayPal has taken steps to address these
states concerns and received a conclusion in 2002 from the
New York Banking Department that its current business model does
not constitute illegal banking. PayPal also has obtained
licenses to operate as a money transmitter in California,
Louisiana, Idaho, and many other states. However, we cannot
guarantee that the steps PayPal has taken to address state
regulatory concerns will be effective in all states. If PayPal
is found to be engaged in an unauthorized banking business in
one or more states, it might be subject to monetary penalties
and adverse publicity and might be required to cease doing
business with residents of those states. Even if the steps it
has taken to resolve these states concerns are deemed
sufficient by the state regulatory authorities, PayPal could be
subject to fines and penalties for its prior activities. The
need to comply with state laws prohibiting unauthorized banking
activities could also limit PayPals ability to enhance its
services in the future. Any change to PayPals business
practices that makes the service less attractive to customers or
prohibits its use by residents of a particular jurisdiction
could decrease the velocity of trade on eBay, which would
further harm our business.
A number of U.S. states have enacted
legislation regulating money transmitters and PayPal has applied
for licenses under this legislation in 33 jurisdictions. To
date, PayPal has obtained licenses in 32 of these jurisdictions.
As a licensed money transmitter, PayPal is subject to bonding
requirements, restrictions on its investment of customer funds,
reporting requirements, and inspection by state regulatory
agencies. If PayPals pending applications were denied, or
if it were found to be subject to and in violation of any money
services laws or regulations, PayPal also could be subject to
liability, forced to cease doing business with residents of
certain states, or forced to change its business practices. Any
change to PayPals business practices that makes the
service less attractive to customers or prohibits its use by
residents of a particular jurisdiction could decrease the
velocity of trade on eBay, which would further harm our
business. Even if PayPal is not forced to change its business
practices, it could be required to obtain licenses or regulatory
approvals that could impose a substantial cost on PayPal.
Although there have been no definitive
interpretations to date, PayPal has assumed that its service is
subject to the Electronic Fund Transfer Act and
Regulation E of the Federal Reserve Board. As a result,
among other things, PayPal must provide advance disclosure of
changes to its service, follow specified error resolution
procedures and absorb losses above $50 from transactions not
authorized by the consumer. In addition, PayPal is subject to
the financial privacy provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
and related regulations. As a result, some customer financial
information that PayPal receives is subject to limitations on
reuse and disclosure. Existing and potential future privacy laws
may limit PayPals ability to develop new products and
services that make use of data gathered through its service. The
provisions of these laws and related regulations are
complicated, and PayPal does not have extensive experience in
complying with them. Even technical violations of these laws can
result in penalties of up to $1,000 for each non-compliant
transaction. PayPal processed an average of approximately
629,000 transactions per day during 2003 and an average of
approximately 906,000 transactions per day during the third
quarter of 2004, and any violations could expose PayPal to
significant liability.
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PayPals status under banking or
financial services laws or other laws in countries outside the
U.S. is unclear. The cost of obtaining any required
licenses or regulatory approvals in these countries could affect
PayPals future profitability.
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PayPal currently allows its customers with credit
cards to send payments from 44 countries outside the U.S., and
to receive payments in 43 of those countries. In 23 of these
countries, customers can withdraw funds to local bank accounts.
In the fourth quarter of 2002, PayPal began offering customers
the ability to send or receive payments denominated in British
Pounds, Euros, Canadian Dollars or Yen, in addition to
U.S. Dollars. In February 2004, PayPal (Europe) Ltd., a
wholly-subsidiary of PayPal, received a license to operate as an
Electronic Money Institution in the United Kingdom as a vehicle
for providing localized versions of PayPals service to
customers in the EU. PayPal has completed the migration of all
EU customers to that subsidiary. Fifteen of the 44 countries
outside of the U.S. whose residents can use the PayPal
service are members of the European Union. As PayPal (Europe)
develops localized services for the domestic market in these
countries, it is implementing such localized service through an
expedited passport notification process through the
UK
53
regulator to regulators in other EU member
states, pursuant to EU Directives. PayPal has filed
passport notices in Austria, Belgium, France,
Germany, The Netherlands, Ireland, Italy, Sweden, Denmark,
Finland, Luxembourg, Portugal, Greece and Spain. The regulators
in these countries could notify PayPal (Europe) of local
consumer protection laws that will apply to its business, in
addition to UK consumer protection law. Any such responses from
these regulators could increase the cost of, or delay,
PayPals plans for expanding its business. PayPal (Europe)
is subject to significant fines or other enforcement action if
it violates the disclosure, reporting, anti-money laundering,
capitalization, funds management or other requirements imposed
on electronic money institutions.
In many countries outside of the U.S. and the
European Union, it is not clear whether PayPals U.S.-based
service is subject to local law or, if it is subject to local
law, whether such local law requires a payment processor like
PayPal to be licensed as a bank or financial institution or
otherwise. Even if PayPal is not currently required to obtain a
license in those countries, future localization or targeted
marketing of PayPals service in those countries could
require licensure. Even if PayPal is not required to obtain a
license, other laws of those countries (such as data protection
laws) may apply. If PayPal were found to be subject to and in
violation of any foreign laws or regulations, it could be
subject to liability, forced to change its business practices or
forced to suspend providing services to customers in one or more
countries. Alternatively, PayPal could be required to obtain
licenses or regulatory approvals that could impose a substantial
cost on it and involve considerable delay to the provision or
development of its product. Delay or failure to receive such a
license would require PayPal to change its business practices or
features in ways that would adversely affect PayPals
international expansion plans and could require PayPal to
suspend providing services to customers in one or more countries.
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Our auction business may be
subject to regulation that could require us to modify our
business practices.
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Numerous states and foreign jurisdictions,
including the State of California, where our headquarters are
located, have regulations regarding how auctions may
be conducted and the liability of auctioneers in
conducting such auctions. No final legal determination has been
made as to whether the California regulations apply to our
business and little precedent exists in this area. Several
states and some foreign jurisdictions have attempted, and may
attempt in the future, to impose such regulations upon us or our
users, which could harm our business. In August 2002, Illinois
amended its auction law to provide for a special regulatory
regime for Internet auction listing services.
Regulations under the amended statute became effective on
September 16, 2004, and we have registered as an Internet
auction listing service in Illinois. Although we do not expect
this registration to have a negative impact on our business,
other regulatory and licensure claims could result in costly
litigation or could require us to change our manner of doing
business in ways that increase our costs or reduce our revenues
or force us to prohibit listings of certain items for some
locations. We could also be subject to fines or other penalties.
Any of these outcomes could harm our business.
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We are subject to regulations relating to
consumer privacy.
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Several domestic jurisdictions have proposed, and
California, Minnesota, Utah, and Vermont have recently passed,
legislation that limits the uses of personal information
gathered online or offline. In addition to these four states,
many other jurisdictions already have such laws and continuously
consider strengthening them, especially against online services.
eBay and PayPal in certain instances are subject to some of
these current laws. PayPal may be subject to recently enacted
legislation in several states and countries imposing greater
restrictions on the ability of financial services companies to
share user information with third parties without affirmative
user consent. However, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, or FCRA,
includes a provision preempting conflicting state laws on the
sharing of information between corporate affiliates. The
preemptive provisions of FCRA were permanently extended last
year, and as a result we believe that PayPal and eBay will not
be subject to the laws of each individual state with respect to
matters within the scope of FCRA, but will remain subject to the
provisions of FCRA. Courts are currently determining the scope
of these preemptive provisions.
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The U.S. Federal Trade Commission also has
settled several proceedings against companies regarding how they
collect personal information from users and provide it to third
parties. Specific statutes intended to protect user privacy have
been passed in many non-U.S. jurisdictions, including
virtually every non-U.S. jurisdiction in which we currently
have a localized website. Compliance with these laws, given the
tight integration of our systems across different countries and
the need to move data to facilitate transactions amongst our
users (e.g., to payment companies, shipping companies, etc.), is
both necessary and difficult. Failure to comply could subject us
to lawsuits, fines, criminal penalties, statutory damages,
adverse publicity, and other losses that could harm our
business. Changes to existing laws or the passage of new laws
intended to address these privacy and data protection and
retention issues could directly affect the way we do business or
could create uncertainty on the Internet. This could reduce
demand for our services, increase the cost of doing business as
a result of litigation costs or increased service or delivery
costs, or otherwise harm our business.
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New and existing regulations could harm our
business.
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We are subject to the same foreign and domestic
laws as other companies conducting business on and off the
Internet. Today, there are still relatively few laws
specifically directed towards online services. However, due to
the increasing popularity and use of the Internet and online
services, many laws relating to the Internet are being debated
at all levels of government around the world and it is possible
that such laws and regulations will be adopted. These laws and
regulations could cover issues such as user privacy, freedom of
expression, pricing, fraud, content and quality of products and
services, taxation, advertising, intellectual property rights,
and information security. It is not clear how existing laws
governing issues such as property ownership, copyrights and
other intellectual property issues, taxation, libel and
defamation, obscenity, and personal privacy apply to online
businesses. The vast majority of these laws were adopted prior
to the advent of the Internet and related technologies and, as a
result, do not contemplate or address the unique issues of the
Internet and related technologies. Those laws that do reference
the Internet, such as the U.S. Digital Millennium Copyright
Act and the European Unions Directive on Distance Selling
and Electronic Commerce have begun to be interpreted by the
courts and implemented by the EU Member States, but their
applicability and scope remain somewhat uncertain. As our
activities and the types of goods listed on our website expand,
regulatory agencies or courts may claim or hold that we or our
users are either subject to licensure or prohibited from
conducting our business in their jurisdiction, either with
respect to our services in general, or in order to allow the
sale of certain items (e.g., real estate, event tickets,
cultural goods, boats, automobiles).
In addition, because our services are accessible
worldwide, and we facilitate sales of goods to users worldwide,
foreign jurisdictions may claim that we are required to comply
with their laws. For example, the Australian high court has
ruled that a U.S. website in certain circumstances must
comply with Australian laws regarding libel. As we expand and
localize our international activities, we become obligated to
comply with the laws of the countries in which we operate. Laws
regulating Internet companies outside of the U.S. may be
less favorable than those in the U.S., giving greater rights to
consumers, content owners, and users. Compliance may be more
costly or may require us to change our business practices or
restrict our service offerings relative to those in the
U.S. Our failure to comply with foreign laws could subject
us to penalties ranging from criminal fines to bans on our
services.
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PayPals financial success will remain
highly sensitive to changes in the rate at which its customers
fund payments using credit cards rather than bank account
transfers or existing PayPal account balances. PayPals
profitability could be harmed if the rate at which customers
fund using credit cards goes up.
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PayPal pays significant transaction fees when
senders fund payment transactions using credit cards, nominal
fees when customers fund payment transactions by electronic
transfer of funds from bank accounts, and no fees when customers
fund payment transactions from an existing PayPal account
balance. Senders funded 55% of PayPals payment volume
during 2003 and 54% of PayPals payment volume during the
first nine months of 2004 using credit cards. Senders may resist
funding payments by electronic transfer from bank accounts
because of the greater protection offered by credit cards,
including the ability to dispute and reverse charges if
merchandise is not delivered or is not as described, because of
frequent flier miles or other
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incentives offered by credit cards, because of
the ability to defer payment, or because of generalized fears
regarding privacy or loss of control in providing bank account
information to a third party.
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PayPal has limited experience in managing
and accounting accurately for large amounts of customer funds.
PayPals failure to manage these funds properly would harm
its business.
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PayPals ability to manage and account
accurately for customer funds requires a high level of internal
controls. PayPal has neither an established operating history
nor proven management experience in maintaining, over a long
term, these internal controls. As PayPals business
continues to grow, it must strengthen its internal controls
accordingly. PayPals success requires significant public
confidence in its ability to handle large and growing
transaction volumes and amounts of customer funds. Any failure
to maintain necessary controls or to manage accurately customer
funds could diminish customer use of PayPals product
severely.
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Our business is subject to online commerce
security risks, including security breaches and identity
theft.
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To succeed, online commerce and communications
must provide a secure transmission of confidential information
over public networks. Our security measures may not prevent
security breaches that could harm our business. Currently, a
significant number of our users authorize us to bill their
credit card accounts directly for all transaction fees charged
by us. PayPals users routinely provide credit card and
other financial information. We rely on encryption and
authentication technology licensed from third parties to provide
the security and authentication technology to effect secure
transmission of confidential information, including customer
credit card numbers. Advances in computer capabilities, new
discoveries in the field of cryptography or other developments
may result in a compromise or breach of the technology used by
us to protect transaction data. In addition, any party who is
able to illicitly obtain a users password could access the
users transaction data. A number of websites have reported
breaches of their security. Any compromise of our security could
harm our reputation and, therefore, our business. In addition, a
party who is able to circumvent our security measures could
misappropriate proprietary information, or cause interruptions
in our operations, damage our computers or those of our users,
or otherwise damage our reputation and business.
Our servers are also vulnerable to computer
viruses, physical or electronic break-ins, and similar
disruptions, and we have experienced
denial-of-service type attacks on our system that
have made all or portions of our websites unavailable for
periods of time. We may need to expend significant resources to
protect against security breaches or to address problems caused
by breaches. These issues are likely to become more difficult as
we expand the number of places where we operate. Security
breaches could damage our reputation and expose us to a risk of
loss or litigation and possible liability. Our insurance
policies carry low coverage limits, which may not be adequate to
reimburse us for losses caused by security breaches.
Our users, as well as those of other prominent
Internet companies, have been and will continue to be targeted
by parties using fraudulent emails to misappropriate passwords,
credit card numbers, or other personal information. These emails
appear to be legitimate emails sent by eBay or PayPal, but
direct recipients to fake websites operated by the sender of the
email or request that the recipient send a password or other
confidential information via email. We actively pursue the
parties responsible for these attempts at misappropriation and
encourage our users to divulge sensitive information only after
they have verified that they are on our legitimate websites, but
we cannot entirely eliminate these types of activities.
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Our business is adversely affected by
anything that causes our users to spend less time on their
computers, including seasonal factors and national
events.
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Anything that diverts our users from their
customary level of usage of our websites could adversely affect
our business. We would therefore be adversely affected by
geopolitical events such as war, the threat of war, or terrorist
activity, and natural disasters, such as hurricanes or
earthquakes. Similarly, our results of operations historically
have been seasonal because many of our users reduce their
activities on our websites with the onset of good weather during
the summer months, and on and around national holidays. We have
historically experienced our strongest quarters of online growth
in our first and fourth fiscal quarters. PayPal has shown
similar seasonality, especially in the fourth fiscal quarter. We
expect these patterns of seasonality to become
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more pronounced as our websites gain acceptance
by a broader base of mainstream users and as the size of our
European operations, which experience greater seasonality, grows
relative to our other operations.
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Use of our services for illegal purposes
could harm our business.
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The law relating to the liability of providers of
online services for the activities of their users on their
service is currently unsettled in the United States and
internationally. We are aware that certain goods, such as
weapons, adult material, tobacco products, alcohol, and other
goods that may be subject to regulation, have been listed and
traded on our service. We may be unable to prevent our users
from selling unlawful goods or selling goods in an unlawful
manner, and we may be subject to allegations of civil or
criminal liability for unlawful activities carried out by users
through our service. We have been subject to several lawsuits
based upon such allegations. Our Korean subsidiary and one of
its employees were recently found criminally liable for a
listing on the Korean subsidiarys website. In order to
reduce our exposure to this liability, we have prohibited the
listing of certain items and increased the number of personnel
reviewing questionable items. In the future, we may implement
other protective measures that could require us to spend
substantial resources or discontinue certain service offerings.
Any costs incurred as a result of potential liability relating
to the sale of unlawful goods or the unlawful sale of goods
could harm our business. In addition, we have received
significant and continuing media attention relating to the
listing or sale of unlawful goods using our services. This
negative publicity could damage our reputation and diminish the
value of our brand names. It also could make users reluctant to
continue to use our services.
PayPals payment system is also susceptible
to potentially illegal or improper uses. These may include
illegal online gambling, fraudulent sales of goods or services,
illicit sales of prescription medications or controlled
substances, piracy of software and other intellectual property,
money laundering, bank fraud, child pornography trafficking,
prohibited sales of alcoholic beverages or tobacco products, and
online securities fraud. PayPal recently announced a change in
its acceptable use policy that would enable PayPal to fine users
in certain jurisdictions up to $500 or take legal action to
recover its losses for certain violations of that policy,
including online gambling and illegal sales of prescription
medications. Despite measures PayPal has taken to detect and
lessen the risk of this kind of conduct, illegal activities may
be funded using PayPal.
PayPal is subject to money laundering laws and
regulations that prohibit, among other things, its involvement
in transferring the proceeds of criminal activities. Although
PayPal has adopted a program to comply with these laws and
regulations, any errors or failure to implement the program
properly could lead to lawsuits, administrative action, and
prosecution by the government. In July 2003, PayPal agreed with
the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Missouri that
it would pay $10 million as a civil forfeiture to settle
allegations that its provision of services to online gambling
merchants violated provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act and further
agreed to have its compliance program reviewed by an independent
audit firm. PayPal is also subject to regulations that require
it to report suspicious activities involving transactions of
$2,000 or more and may be required to obtain and keep more
detailed records on the senders and recipients in certain
transfers of $3,000 or more. The interpretation of suspicious
activities in this context is uncertain. Future regulations
under the USA PATRIOT Act may require PayPal to revise the
procedures it uses to verify the identity of its customers and
to monitor more closely international transactions. These
regulations could impose significant costs on PayPal and make it
more difficult for new customers to join its network. PayPal
could be required to learn more about its customers before
opening an account, to obtain additional verification of
international customers and to monitor its customers
activities more closely. These requirements, as well as any
additional restrictions imposed by Visa, MasterCard, American
Express, and Discover, could raise PayPals costs
significantly and reduce the attractiveness of its product.
Failure to comply with federal and state money laundering laws
could result in significant criminal and civil lawsuits,
penalties, and forfeiture of significant assets.
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We are subject to intellectual property and
other litigation.
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In April 2001, two of our European subsidiaries,
eBay GmbH and eBay International AG, were sued by Montres Rolex
S.A. and certain of its affiliates in the regional court of
Cologne, Germany. The suit subsequently was transferred to the
regional court in Dusseldorf, Germany. Rolex alleged that our
subsidiaries
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were infringing Rolexs trademarks as a
result of users selling counterfeit Rolex watches through our
German website. The suit also alleged unfair competition. Rolex
sought an order forbidding the sale of Rolex-branded watches on
the website as well as damages. In December 2002, a trial was
held in the matter and the court ruled in favor of eBay on all
causes of action. Rolex appealed the ruling to the Higher
Regional Court of Dusseldorf, and the appeal was heard in
October 2003. In February 2004, the court rejected Rolexs
appeal and ruled in our favor. If it so chooses, Rolex may
appeal the ruling to the German Federal Supreme Court. In March
2004, the German Federal Supreme Court ruled in favor of Rolex
in a case involving an unrelated company, ricardo.de AG, but
somewhat comparable legal theories. The court issued its written
decision in that case in September 2004. Although it is not
clear what effect the reasoning of the German Federal Supreme
Courts ricardo.de decision would have if applied to eBay,
we believe the Courts decision will not require any
significant change in our business practices.
In September 2001, a complaint was filed by
MercExchange LLC against us, our Half.com subsidiary and
ReturnBuy, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of Virginia (No. 2:01-CV-736) alleging
infringement of three patents (relating to online auction
technology, multiple database searching and electronic
consignment systems) and seeking a permanent injunction and
damages (including treble damages for willful infringement). In
October 2002, the court granted in part our summary judgment
motion, effectively invalidating the patent related to online
auction technology and rendering it unenforceable. This ruling
left only two patents in the case. Trial of the matter began in
April 2003. In May 2003, the jury returned a verdict finding
that eBay had willfully infringed one and Half.com had willfully
infringed both of the patents in the suit, awarding
$35 million in compensatory damages. Both parties filed
post-trial motions, and in August 2003, the court entered
judgment for MercExchange in the amount of $29.5 million,
plus pre-judgment interest and post-judgment interest in an
amount to be determined, while denying MercExchanges
request for an injunction and attorneys fees. We appealed
the verdict and judgment in favor of MercExchange, and
MercExchange filed a cross-appeal of the granting in part of our
summary judgment motion and the denial of its request for an
injunction and attorneys fees. Oral arguments for the
appeals were heard on October 5, 2004. In addition, the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office recently granted our
request that it reexamine the three patents at suit. We continue
to believe that the verdict against us in the trial was
incorrect and intend to continue to pursue our appeal and defend
ourselves vigorously. However, even if successful, our appeal of
and defense against this action will continue to be costly. In
addition, as a precautionary measure, we have modified certain
functionality of our websites and business practices in a manner
which we believe makes them not infringe the two patents that we
were found to have infringed. Nonetheless, if we are not
successful in appealing the courts ruling, we might be
forced to pay significant additional damages and licensing fees
or modify our business practices in an adverse manner.
In August 2002, Charles E. Hill &
Associates, Inc. filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court
for the Eastern District of Texas (No. 2:02-CV-186)
alleging that we and 17 other companies, primarily large
retailers, infringed three patents owned by Hill generally
relating to electronic catalog systems and methods for
transmitting and updating data at a remote computer. The suit
seeks an injunction against continuing infringement, unspecified
damages, including treble damages for willful infringement, and
interest, costs, expenses, and fees. In January 2003, the case
was transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Southern
District of Indiana. After pending in Indiana for almost a year,
the case was transferred back to the U.S. District Court
for the Eastern District of Texas in December 2003. A scheduling
conference for the case has been set for November 16, 2004.
We believe that we have meritorious defenses and intend to
defend ourselves vigorously.
In February 2002, PayPal was sued in California
state court (No. CV-805433) in a purported class action alleging
that its restriction of customer accounts and failure to
promptly unrestrict legitimate accounts violates California
state consumer protection laws and is an unfair business
practice and a breach of PayPals User Agreement. This
action was re-filed with a different named plaintiff in June
2002 (No. CV-808441), and a related action was also filed
in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of
California in June 2002 (No. C-02-2777). In March 2002,
PayPal was sued in the U.S. District Court for the Northern
District of California (No. C-02-1227) in a purported class
action alleging that its restrictions of customer accounts and
failure to promptly unrestrict legitimate accounts violates
federal and state consumer protection and unfair
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business practice laws. The two federal court
actions were consolidated into a single case, and the state
court action was stayed pending developments in the federal
case. On June 14, 2004, the parties announced that they had
reached a proposed settlement. Under the terms of the proposed
settlement, certain PayPal account holders will be eligible to
receive payment from a settlement fund in accordance with the
settlements plan of allocation. The settlement fund, which
will be funded by PayPal, will total $9.25 million, less
administrative costs and any amount awarded to plaintiffs
counsel by the court. This amount was fully accrued in our
consolidated income statement for the year ended
December 31, 2003. In the proposed settlement, PayPal does
not acknowledge that any of the allegations in the case are
true. The proposed settlement has been preliminarily approved by
the federal court but remains subject to final court approval.
On October 13, 2004, the federal court gave conditional
final approval to the settlement, subject to modification of the
wording of the release of claims by the class members. PayPal
expects this modification to be completed without any material
impact. If the modification is completed and the proposed
settlement is approved by the court, all claims of the class in
both the federal and state actions will be dismissed. Any person
that timely filed an objection to the settlement would have the
right to appeal the courts order granting final approval.
In November 2003, AT&T Corporation filed a
lawsuit against eBay and PayPal in the U.S. District Court
for the District of Delaware (No. 03-1051) alleging
infringement of a patent entitled Mediation of
Transactions by a Communication System. AT&T claimed
that PayPals and Billpoints payment services
infringe its patent. In December 2003, eBay and PayPal answered
the complaint, denied infringement of AT&Ts patent,
and filed counterclaims. On July 21, 2004, AT&T, eBay
and PayPal reached agreement and entered into a Stipulated Order
of Dismissal regarding their patent infringement lawsuit in
U.S. District Court in Delaware. The parties have agreed to
keep the details of their arrangement confidential.
Other third parties have from time to time
claimed, and others may claim in the future, that we have
infringed their intellectual property rights. We have been
notified of several potential patent disputes, and expect that
we will increasingly be subject to patent infringement claims as
our services expand in scope and complexity. In particular, we
expect to face additional patent infringement claims involving
services we provide, including various aspects of our Payments
business. We have in the past been forced to litigate such
claims. We may also become more vulnerable to third-party claims
as laws such as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, the Lanham
Act and the Communications Decency Act are interpreted by the
courts and as we expand geographically into jurisdictions where
the underlying laws with respect to the potential liability of
online intermediaries like ourselves are less favorable. These
claims, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming,
result in costly litigation, cause service upgrade delays,
require expensive changes in our methods of doing business, or
could require us to enter into costly royalty or licensing
agreements.
From time to time, we are involved in other
disputes that arise in the ordinary course of business. The
number and significance of these disputes is increasing as our
business expands and our company grows larger. Any claims
against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming,
result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of
management time, and result in the diversion of significant
operational resources.
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Government inquiries may lead to charges or
penalties.
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In January 1999, we received initial requests to
produce certain records and information to the federal
government relating to an investigation of possible illegal
transactions in connection with our websites. We were informed
that the inquiry includes an examination of our practices with
respect to these transactions. We have continued to provide
further information in connection with this ongoing inquiry. In
order to protect the investigation, the court has ordered that
no further public disclosures be made with respect to the
matter. Any civil or criminal charges against us would likely
harm our business due to negative publicity, the cost of
litigation, the diversion of management time, and any fines or
penalties assessed.
A large number of transactions occur on our
websites. We believe that government regulators have received a
substantial number of consumer complaints about both eBay and
PayPal, which, while small as a percentage of our total
transactions, are large in aggregate numbers. As a result, we
have from time to time been contacted by various foreign and
domestic governmental regulatory agencies that have questions
about our operations and the steps we take to protect our users
from fraud. Both eBay and PayPal are likely to
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receive additional inquiries from regulatory
agencies in the future, which may lead to action against either
company. We have responded to all inquiries from regulatory
agencies by describing our current and planned antifraud
efforts, customer support procedures and operating procedures.
If one or more of these agencies is not satisfied with our
response to current or future inquiries, we could be subject to
fines or other penalties, or forced to change our operating
practices in ways that could harm our business.
We are subject to laws relating to the use and
transfer of personally identifiable information about our users
and their transfers, especially outside of the
U.S. Violation of these laws, which in many cases apply not
only to third-party transfers but also to transfers of
information between ourselves and our subsidiaries, and between
ourselves, our subsidiaries, and other parties with which we
have commercial relations, could subject us to significant
penalties and negative publicity and could adversely affect us.
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The listing or sale by our users of pirated
or counterfeit items may harm our business.
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We have received in the past, and we anticipate
receiving in the future, communications alleging that certain
items listed or sold through our service by our users infringe
third-party copyrights, trademarks and trade names, or other
intellectual property rights. Although we have sought to work
actively with the owners of intellectual property rights to
eliminate infringing listings on our websites, some rights
owners have expressed the view that our efforts are
insufficient. Content owners and other intellectual property
rights owners have been active in defending their rights against
online companies, including eBay. Allegations of infringement of
intellectual property rights have resulted in litigation against
us from time to time, including litigation brought by
Tiffany & Co. in the U.S., Rolex S.A. in Germany, and a
number of other owners of intellectual property rights. While we
have been largely successful to date in defending against such
litigation, more recent cases have been based on different legal
theories than those of earlier cases, and there is no guarantee
that we will continue to be successful in our defense. In
addition, we expect that this type of litigation may increase as
our sites gain prominence in markets outside of the U.S., where
the laws may be unsettled or less favorable to us. Such
litigation is costly for us, could result in damage awards or
increased costs of doing business through adverse judgment or
settlement, could require us to change our business practices in
expensive ways, or could otherwise harm our business. Litigation
against other online companies could result in interpretations
of the law that could also require us to change our business
practices or otherwise increase our costs.
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We are subject to risks associated with
information disseminated through our service.
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The law relating to the liability of online
services companies for information carried on or disseminated
through their services is currently unsettled. Claims could be
made against online services companies under both U.S. and
foreign law for defamation, libel, invasion of privacy,
negligence, copyright or trademark infringement, or other
theories based on the nature and content of the materials
disseminated through their services. Several private lawsuits
seeking to impose liability upon us under a number of these
theories have been brought against us. In addition, domestic and
foreign legislation has been proposed that would prohibit or
impose liability for the transmission over the Internet of
certain types of information. Our service features a Feedback
Forum, which includes information from users regarding other
users. Although all such feedback is generated by users and not
by us, claims of defamation or other injury have been made in
the past and could be made in the future against us for content
posted in the Feedback Forum. Several recent court decisions
have narrowed the scope of the immunity provided to Internet
service providers like us under the Communications Decency Act.
This trend, if continued, may increase our potential liability
to third parties for the user-provided content on our site. Our
liability for such claims may be higher in jurisdictions outside
the U.S. where laws governing Internet transactions are
unsettled. If we become liable for information provided by our
users and carried on our service in any jurisdiction in which we
operate, we could be directly harmed and we may be forced to
implement new measures to reduce our exposure to this liability.
This may require us to expend substantial resources or to
discontinue certain service offerings, which would negatively
affect our financial results. In addition, the increased
attention focused upon liability issues as a result of these
lawsuits and legislative proposals could harm our reputation or
otherwise impact the growth of our business. Any costs incurred
as a result of this potential liability could harm our business.
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Customer complaints or negative publicity
about our customer service could diminish use of our services
adversely and, as a result, our business could
suffer.
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Customer complaints or negative publicity about
our customer service could severely diminish consumer confidence
in and use of our services. Breaches of our customers
privacy and our security measures could have the same effect.
Measures we sometimes take to combat risks of fraud and breaches
of privacy and security can damage relations with our customers.
These measures heighten the need for prompt and accurate
customer service to resolve irregularities and disputes.
Effective customer service requires significant personnel
expense, and this expense, if not managed properly, could impact
our profitability significantly. Failure to manage or train our
customer service representatives properly could compromise our
ability to handle customer complaints effectively. If we do not
handle customer complaints effectively, our reputation may
suffer and we may lose our customers confidence.
Because it is providing a financial service and
operating in a more regulated environment, PayPal, unlike eBay,
must provide telephone as well as email customer service and
must resolve certain customer contacts within shorter time
frames. PayPal has in the past received negative publicity with
respect to its customer service and is the subject of purported
class action lawsuits and state attorney general inquiries
alleging, among other things, failure to resolve promptly
certain account restrictions. If PayPal is unable to provide
quality customer support operations in a cost-effective manner,
PayPals users may have negative experiences, PayPal may
receive additional negative publicity and its ability to attract
new customers may be damaged. Current and future revenues could
suffer, or its operating margins may decrease. In addition,
negative publicity about or experiences with PayPals
customer support could cause eBays reputation to suffer or
affect consumer confidence in eBay as a whole.
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Acquisitions could result in operating
difficulties, dilution and other harmful
consequences.
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We have acquired a number of businesses,
including our acquisitions of Half.com, Internet Auction,
iBazar, NeoCom, PayPal, CARad, EachNet, and FairMarket. In April
2004, we completed our acquisition of mobile.de, a German
classified advertising vehicle-listing website, and on
August 2, 2004, we completed our acquisition of Baazee.com,
an online marketplace in India. We expect to continue to
evaluate and consider a wide array of potential strategic
transactions, including business combinations, acquisitions and
dispositions of businesses, technologies, services, products and
other assets, including interests in our existing subsidiaries
and joint ventures. At any given time we may be engaged in
discussions or negotiations with respect to one or more of such
transactions. Any of such transactions could be material to our
financial condition and results of operations. There is no
assurance that any such discussions or negotiations will result
in the consummation of any transaction. The process of
integrating any acquired business may create unforeseen
operating difficulties and expenditures and is itself risky. The
areas where we may face difficulties include:
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diversion of management time, as well as a shift
of focus from operating the businesses to issues of integration
and future products;
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declining employee morale and retention issues
resulting from changes in compensation, reporting relationships,
future prospects, or the direction of the business;
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the need to integrate each companys
accounting, management information, human resource and other
administrative systems to permit effective management, and the
lack of control if such integration is delayed or not
implemented;
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the need to implement controls, procedures and
policies appropriate for a larger public company at companies
that prior to acquisition had lacked such controls, procedures
and policies; and
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in some cases, the need to transition operations
onto the existing eBay platform.
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Foreign acquisitions involve special risks,
including those related to integration of operations across
different cultures and languages, currency risks, and the
particular economic, political, and regulatory risks associated
with specific countries. Moreover, we may not realize the
anticipated benefits of any or all of our acquisitions. As a
result of future acquisitions or mergers, we might need to issue
additional equity securities,
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spend our cash, or incur debt, contingent
liabilities, or amortization expenses related to intangible
assets, any of which could reduce our profitability and harm our
business.
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Our stock price has been and may continue
to be extremely volatile.
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The trading price of our common stock has been
and is likely to be extremely volatile and could fluctuate in
response to a variety of factors, including the following:
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actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly
operating results and expected future results;
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unscheduled system downtime;
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additions or departures of key personnel;
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announcements of technological innovations or new
services by us or our competitors;
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changes in, or failure to meet, financial
estimates by securities analysts;
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initiation of or developments in litigation
affecting us;
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conditions or trends in the Internet and online
commerce industries;
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changes in the market valuations of other
Internet companies;
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developments in regulation;
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announcements by us or our competitors of
significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint
ventures, new products or capital commitments;
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unanticipated economic or political events;
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sales of our common stock or other securities in
the open market; and
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other events or factors, including those
described in this Risk Factors That May Affect Results of
Operations and Financial Condition section and others that
may be beyond our control.
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The trading prices of Internet stocks in general,
and ours in particular, have experienced extreme price and
volume fluctuations in recent periods. These fluctuations often
have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating
performance of these companies. The valuation of our stock
remains extraordinarily high based on conventional valuation
standards such as price-to-earnings and price-to-sales ratios.
The trading price of our common stock has increased enormously
from our initial public offering price and from our stock price
during 2002 and early 2003. This trading price and valuation may
not be sustained. Negative changes in the publics
perception of the prospects of Internet or e-commerce or
technology companies have in the past and may in the future
depress our stock price regardless of our results. Other broad
market and industry factors may decrease the market price of our
common stock, regardless of our operating performance. Market
fluctuations, as well as general political and economic
conditions, such as recession or interest rate or currency rate
fluctuations, also may decrease the market price of our common
stock. Securities class-action litigation is often instituted
following declines in the market price of a companys
securities. Litigation of this type could result in substantial
costs and a diversion of managements attention and
resources.
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Problems with third parties who provide
services to our users could harm our business.
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A number of parties provide services to our users
that indirectly benefit us. Such services include seller tools
that automate and manage listings, merchant tools that manage
listings and interface with inventory management software,
storefronts that help our users list items, and other services.
In some cases we have contractual agreements with these
companies that give us a direct financial interest in their
success, while in other cases we have none. In either
circumstance, financial, regulatory, or other problems that
prevent these companies from providing services to our users
could reduce the number of listings on our websites or make
completing transactions on our websites more difficult, and
thereby harm our business. Any security breach at one of these
companies could also affect our customers and harm our business.
Although we generally have
62
been able to renew or extend the terms of
contractual arrangements with these third party service
providers on acceptable terms, there can be no assurance that we
will continue to be able to do so in the future.
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Other companies or governmental agencies
may view our behavior as anti-competitive.
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Other companies have in the past and may in the
future allege that our actions violate the antitrust or
competition laws of the U.S. or other countries, or
otherwise constitute unfair competition. Such claims typically
are very expensive to defend, involve negative publicity and
diversion of management time and effort, and could result in
significant judgments against us.
We provided information to the Antitrust Division
of the U.S. Department of Justice in connection with an
inquiry into our conduct with respect to auction
aggregators, including our licensing program and a
previously settled lawsuit against Bidders Edge. Although
the Antitrust Division has closed this inquiry, any future
antitrust investigation would likely harm our business due to
negative publicity, the costs of the investigation, possible
private antitrust lawsuits, the diversion of management time and
effort, and penalties we might suffer if we ultimately were not
to prevail.
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We depend on the continued growth of online
commerce.
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The business of selling goods over the Internet,
particularly through online trading, is dynamic and relatively
new. Acceptance of and growth in use of the Internet as a medium
for consumer commerce may not continue. Concerns about fraud,
privacy, and other problems may discourage additional consumers
from adopting the Internet as a medium of commerce. In
particular, our websites require users to make publicly
available personal information that some potential users may be
unwilling to provide. These concerns may increase as additional
publicity over privacy issues on eBay or generally over the
Internet increase. Market acceptance for recently introduced
services and products over the Internet is highly uncertain, and
there are few proven services and products. In order to expand
our user base, we must appeal to and acquire consumers who
historically have used traditional means of commerce to purchase
goods. If these consumers prove to be less active than our
earlier users, and we are unable to gain efficiencies in our
operating costs, including our cost of acquiring new customers,
our business could be adversely impacted.
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We depend on key personnel.
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Our future performance depends substantially on
the continued services of our senior management and other key
personnel and our ability to retain and motivate them. The loss
of the services of any of our executive officers or other key
employees could harm our business. We do not have long-term
employment agreements with any of our key personnel, we do not
maintain any key person life insurance policies, and
our Chief Executive Officer has fully vested the vast majority
of her equity incentives. Our new businesses all depend on
attracting and retaining key personnel. Our future success also
will depend on our ability to attract, train, retain and
motivate highly skilled technical, managerial, marketing, and
customer support personnel. Competition for these personnel is
intense, and we may be unable to successfully attract,
integrate, or retain sufficiently qualified personnel. In making
employment decisions, particularly in the Internet and
high-technology industries, job candidates often consider the
value of the stock options they are to receive in connection
with their employment. Fluctuations in our stock price may make
it more difficult to retain and motivate employees whose stock
option strike prices are substantially above current market
prices.
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Our industry is intensely
competitive.
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We currently or potentially compete with a number
of companies providing both particular categories of goods and
broader ranges of goods. The Internet provides new, rapidly
evolving and intensely competitive channels for the sale of all
types of goods. We expect competition to intensify in the
future. The barriers to entry into these channels are relatively
low, and current offline and new competitors can easily launch
online sites at a nominal cost using commercially available
software or partnering with any one of a number of successful
e-commerce companies.
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Our broad-based competitors include the vast
majority of traditional department, warehouse, discount, and
general merchandise stores, emerging online retailers, online
classified services, and other shopping channels such as offline
and online home shopping networks. These include most
prominently: Wal-Mart, Kmart, Target, Sears, Macys, JC
Penney, Costco, Office Depot, Staples, OfficeMax, Sams
Club, Amazon.com, Buy.com, AOL.com, Yahoo! Shopping, MSN, QVC,
and Home Shopping Network/ HSN.com. A number of companies have
launched a variety of services that provide new channels for
buyers to find and buy items from sellers of all sizes. For
example, sites such as Buy.com, DealTime, Googles Froogle,
In-Store.com, MySimon.com, Nextag.com, Shopping.com, and Yahoo!
Product Search offer shopping search engines that allow
consumers to search the Internet for specified products.
Similarly, sellers are increasingly acquiring new customers by
paying for search-related advertisements on search engine sites.
We use product search engines and paid search advertising to
channel users to our sites, but these services also have the
potential to divert users to other online shopping destinations.
We also face competition from local, regional,
and national specialty retailers and exchanges in each of our
categories of products. Many competitors have been successful at
establishing marketplaces that cater to a particular retail
category, such as vehicles, tickets, or sporting goods.
Additional category-specific competitors include:
Antiques and Art:
Bonhams & Butterfields, Christies,
Sothebys, Ruby Lane, Tias, Allposters.com, Artnet,
Art.com, Barewalls.com, Guild.com, other regional auction
houses, antique and art dealers and galleries, antique and
collectible fairs, and estate sales;
Automotive (used cars and
parts):
Advance Auto Parts,
AutoByTel.com, Autonation.com, AutoPartsPlace, AutoTrader.com,
Autozone, Barons Ltd., Barrett-Jackson, California Classics, Car
Parts Wholesale, Car-Part.com, CarMax, Cars.com, CarsDirect.com,
Collectorcartraderonline.com, CSK Auto, Dealix, Discount Auto
Parts, Dupont Registry, eClassics.com, ExpressAutoparts.com,
General Parts (Carquest), Genuine/ NAPA, Hemmings,
iMotors.com, JC Whitney, Kragen, Kruse International,
OpenAuto.com, PartsAmerica.com, RM Auctions, Inc., The Tire
Rack, TraderOnline, Trader Publishing, newspaper classifieds,
used car dealers, swap meets, car clubs, and vehicle recyclers;
Books, Movies,
Music:
Abebooks.com, Amazon.com,
Barnes & Noble, Barnesandnoble.com, Alibris.com,
Blockbuster, BMG, Columbia House, Best Buy, CDNow, Express.com,
Emusic.com, and Tower Records/ Tower Records.com;
Business-to-Business:
Ariba, BidFreight.com, Bid4Assets, BizBuyer.com, bLiquid.com,
Buyer Zone, CloseOutNow.com, Commerce One, Concur Technologies,
DoveBid, FreeMarkets, Iron Planet, labx.com, Oracle,
Overstock.com, PurchasePro.com, RicardoBiz.com, Sabre,
SurplusBin.com, Ventro, and VerticalNet;
Clothing and
Accessories:
Abercrombie.com, AE.com,
Amazon.com, Bluefly.com, Coldwater-Creek.com, Delias.com,
Dockers.com, Eddie Bauer, The Gap, Gap Online sites, J. Crew,
JCrew.com, LandsEnd.com, The Limited, LLBean.com, Macys,
The Mens Wearhouse, Overstock.com, Payless.com, Ross,
Urbanq.com, VictoriasSecret.com, and Yoox.com;
Coins and Stamps:
Collectors Universe, Heritage, US Mint, US Postal Service, Shop
At Home, Bowers and Morena, auction houses, and independent coin
and stamp dealers;
Collectibles:
Collectiblestoday.com, Franklin Mint, Go Collect, Heritage,
Mastronet, Replacements.com, Ruby Lane, Tias, antique and
collectible dealers, antique and collectible fairs, flea markets
and swap meets, specialty retailers, and regional auction houses;
Computers & Consumer
Electronics:
Amazon.com, Best Buy,
Buy.com, Circuit City, CNET, CompUSA, Computer Discount
Warehouse, Dell, Electronics Boutique, Frys Electronics,
Gamestop, Gateway, The Good Guys, Hewlett Packard, IBM,
MicroWarehouse, PC Connection, PCMall.com, Radio Shack, Ritz
Camera, Tech Depot, Tiger Direct, Tweeter Home Entertainment,
uBid, major wireless carriers, and computer, consumer
electronics, and photography retailers;
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Home &
Garden:
Acehardware.com,
Truevalue.com, IKEA, Crate & Barrel, Home Depot,
Williams-Sonoma Inc. (Pottery Barn, Williams-Sonoma), Bed,
Bath & Beyond, Lowes, Linens n Things, Pier One,
Ethan Allen, Frontgate, Burpee.com, Spiegel, TJ Max, Tuesday
Morning, and Kohls;
Jewelry and Watches:
Amazon.com, Bluenile.com, Diamond.com, Ice.com, Macys,
Mondera.com, HSN.com, QVC.com, Tiffany.com, Wal-Mart.com, and
Zales;
Musical Instruments:
Guitar Center/ Musicians Friend, Sam Ash, Gbase.com,
Harmony-Central.com, and musical instrument retailers and
manufacturers;
Pottery &
Glass:
Just Glass, Pottery Auction, Go
Collect, Pier 1 Imports, Williams-Sonoma, Replacements.com, Ruby
Lane, Tias, antique and collectible dealers, antique and
collectible fairs, flea markets and swap meets, specialty
retailers, and regional auction houses;
Sporting Goods & Fan
Shop:
Academy Sports, Amazon.com, Bass
Pro Shops, Big 5, Cabelas, Dicks Sporting
Goods, GSI Commerce, GolfClubExchange.com, Golfsmith,
Performance Bike, Play It Again Sports, REI, The Sports
Authority, SportsLine.com, and TGW.com and Wal-Mart;
Sports Cards &
Memorabilia:
Becketts, Dreams
Inc./ Mounted Memories, MastroNet, Lelands, NAXCOM, ThePit.com,
Steiner Sports, Superior Sports, Tristar Productions, Upper
Deck, hobby shops, and discount retailers;
Tickets and
Experiences:
craigslist, Musictoday,
Paciolan, RazorGator.com, SCI Ticketing, StubHub, Ticketmaster,
Tickets.com, TicketsNow.com, and ticket brokers;
Tool/ Equipment/
Hardware:
Home Depot, HomeBase,
Amazon.com, Ace Hardware, OSH, Do-It-Best Hardware, and True
Value Hardware; and
Toys and Hobbies:
Toys R Us, Amazon.com/ Toysrus.com, KB Toys/ KBToys.com, FAO
Inc. (FAO Schwarz, Zany Brainy, the Right Start), and Wal-Mart.
Our international websites compete with similar
online and offline channels in each of their vertical categories
in most countries. In addition, they compete with general online
e-commerce sites, such as Quelle and Otto in Germany, Yahoo-Kimo
in Taiwan, Daum in South Korea, TaoBao and 1pai, a partnership
between Sina.com and Yahoo! in China, and Amazon in the U.K. and
other countries. In some of these countries, there are online
sites that have much larger customer bases and greater brand
recognition than we do, and in each of these countries there are
competitors that have a better understanding of local culture
and commerce than we do.
The principal competitive factors for eBay
include the following:
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ability to attract buyers and sellers;
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volume of transactions and price and selection of
goods;
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customer service; and
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brand recognition.
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With respect to our online competition,
additional competitive factors include:
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community cohesion and interaction;
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system reliability;
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reliability of delivery and payment;
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website convenience and accessibility;
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level of service fees; and
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quality of search tools.
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Some current and potential competitors have
longer company operating histories, larger customer bases and
greater brand recognition in other business and Internet sectors
than we do. Some of these competitors also have significantly
greater financial, marketing, technical and other resources.
Other online trading services may be acquired by, receive
investments from, or enter into other commercial relationships
with larger, well-established and well-financed companies. As a
result, some of our competitors with other revenue sources may
be able to devote more resources to marketing and promotional
campaigns, adopt more aggressive pricing policies and devote
substantially more resources to website and systems development
than we can. Some of our competitors have offered services for
free and others may do this as well. We may be unable to compete
successfully against current and future competitors. In
addition, certain offline competitors may encourage
manufacturers to limit or cease distribution of their products
to dealers who sell through online channels such as eBay, or may
attempt to use existing or future government regulation to
prohibit or limit online commerce in certain categories of goods
or services. The adoption by manufacturers or government
authorities of policies or regulations discouraging the sales of
goods or services over the Internet could force eBay users to
stop selling certain products on our websites. Increased
competition or anti-Internet distribution policies or
regulations may result in reduced operating margins, loss of
market share and diminished value of our brand.
In order to respond to changes in the competitive
environment, we may, from time to time, make pricing, service or
marketing decisions or acquisitions that could harm our
business. For example, we have implemented a buyer protection
program that generally insures items up to a value of $200, with
a $25 deductible, for users with a non-negative feedback rating
at no cost to the user. PayPal implemented a similar buyer
protection program covering losses from selected eBay sellers up
to $500 (increasing to $1,000 in November 2004), with no
deductible. In addition, certain competitors may offer or
continue to offer free shipping or other transaction related
services, which could be impractical or inefficient for eBay
users to match. New technologies may increase the competitive
pressures by enabling our competitors to offer a lower cost
service.
Although we have established Internet traffic
arrangements with several large online services and search
engine companies, these arrangements may not be renewed on
commercially reasonable terms or these companies may decide to
promote competitive services. Even if these arrangements are
renewed, they may not result in increased usage of our service.
In addition, companies that control user access to transactions
through network access, Internet browsers, or search engines,
could promote our competitors, channel current or potential
users to their vertically integrated electronic commerce sites
or their advertisers sites, attempt to restrict our
access, or charge us substantial fees for inclusion.
The market for PayPals product is emerging,
intensely competitive, and characterized by rapid technological
change. PayPal competes with existing online and off-line
payment methods, including, among others:
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credit card merchant processors that offer their
services to online merchants, including Card Services
International, Chase, First Data, iPayment, Paymentech, and
Wells Fargo; and payment gateways, including CyberSource,
VeriSign, and Authorize.net;
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BidPay.com and Western Union MoneyZap, each
operated by subsidiaries of First Data;
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current and announced payment services offered by
Amazon.com;
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CheckFree;
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processors that provide online merchants the
ability to offer their customers the option of paying for
purchases from their bank account, including Certegy and
TeleCheck, a subsidiary of First Data, or to pay on credit,
including Bill Me Later from I4 Commerce and CIT Bank;
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providers of traditional payment methods,
particularly credit cards, checks, money orders, and Automated
Clearing House transactions; and
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issuers of stored value targeted at online
payments, including AT&T WebCents and VisaBuxx.
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Some of these competitors have longer operating
histories, significantly greater financial, technical,
marketing, customer service and other resources, greater name
recognition, or a larger base of customers in affiliated
businesses than PayPal. PayPals competitors may respond to
new or emerging technologies and changes in customer
requirements faster and more effectively than PayPal. They may
devote greater resources to the development, promotion, and sale
of products and services than PayPal, and they may offer lower
prices. Some of these competitors have offered, and may continue
to offer, their services for free in order to gain market share,
and PayPal may be forced to lower its prices in response.
Competing services tied to established banks and other financial
institutions may offer greater liquidity and engender greater
consumer confidence in the safety and efficacy of their services
than PayPal. If these competitors acquired significant market
share, this could result in PayPal losing market share.
PayPals service relies on the credit card
networks, the Automated Clearing House network in the U.S., and
similar bank clearing networks overseas. Associations of
traditional financial institutions such as Visa, MasterCard and
the National Automated Clearing House Association, or NACHA,
generally set the features of these payment methods. Changes in
these associations rules could negatively affect
PayPals competitive position.
Overseas, PayPal faces competition from similar
channels and payment methods in most countries and from regional
and national online and offline competitors in each country
including Visas Visa Direct, MasterCards MoneySend,
INGs Way2Pay and Royal Bank of Scotlands World Pay
in the European Community, NOCHEX, Moneybookers, and Royal Bank
of Scotlands FastPay in the U.K., CertaPay and HyperWallet
in Canada, Paymate in Australia and Inicis in South Korea. In
addition, in certain countries, such as Germany, electronic
funds transfer is a leading method of payment for both online
and offline transactions. As in the U.S., established banks and
other financial institutions that do not currently offer online
payments could quickly and easily develop such a service. Since
July 2003, financial institutions in the European Union have
been restricted from charging customers higher fees for many
cross-border Euro payments than they charge for domestic Euro
payments. This development could increase the effectiveness of
using traditional financial institutions instead of PayPal for
European customers seeking to complete cross-border payments.
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Our business depends on the development and
maintenance of the Internet infrastructure.
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The success of our service will depend largely on
the development and maintenance of the Internet infrastructure.
This includes maintenance of a reliable network backbone with
the necessary speed, data capacity, and security, as well as
timely development of complementary products, for providing
reliable Internet access and services. The Internet has
experienced, and is likely to continue to experience,
significant growth in the numbers of users and amount of
traffic. The Internet infrastructure may be unable to support
such demands. In addition, increasing numbers of users,
increasing bandwidth requirements, or problems caused by
viruses, worms, and similar programs may
harm the performance of the Internet. The backbone computers of
the Internet have been the targets of such programs. The
Internet has experienced a variety of outages and other delays
as a result of damage to portions of its infrastructure, and it
could face outages and delays in the future. These outages and
delays could reduce the level of Internet usage as well as the
level of traffic and the processing transactions on our service.
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We must keep pace with rapid technological
change to remain competitive.
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Our competitive arena is characterized by rapidly
changing technology, evolving industry standards, frequent new
service and product introductions and enhancements, and changing
customer demands. These characteristics are caused in part by
the emerging and changing nature of the Internet. Our future
success therefore will depend on our ability to adapt to rapidly
changing technologies and evolving industry standards and to
improve the performance, features, and reliability of our
service. Our failure to adapt to such changes would harm our
business. New technologies, such as the development of a
peer-to-peer personal trading technology, could adversely affect
us. In addition, the widespread adoption of new Internet,
networking, or telecommunications technologies or other
technological changes could require us to make substantial
expenditures to modify or adapt our services or infrastructure.
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We need to develop new services, features,
and functions in order to expand.
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We plan to expand our operations by developing
new or complementary services, products, or transaction formats
and expanding the breadth and depth of our pre-trade and
post-trade services. We may be unable to expand our operations
in a cost-effective or timely manner. We are pursuing strategic
relationships with other companies to provide many of these
services. As a result, we may be unable to control the quality
of these services or address problems that arise. Expanding our
operations in this manner also will require significant
additional expenses and development, operations and other
resources and will strain our management, financial and
operational resources. The lack of acceptance of any new
businesses or services could harm our business, damage our
reputation, and diminish the value of our brand.
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Our growth will depend on our ability to
develop our brands.
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We believe that our historical growth has been
largely attributable to word of mouth. Both eBay and PayPal have
benefited from frequent and high visibility media exposure both
nationally and locally. We believe that continuing to strengthen
our brands will be critical to achieving widespread acceptance
of our services. Promoting and positioning our brands will
depend largely on the success of our marketing efforts and our
ability to provide high-quality services. In order to promote
our brands, we will need to increase our marketing budget and
otherwise increase our financial commitment to creating and
maintaining brand loyalty among users. Brand promotion
activities may not yield increased revenues, and even if they
do, any increased revenues may not offset the expenses we
incurred in building our brands. If we do attract new users to
our services, they may not conduct transactions over our
services on a regular basis. If we fail to promote and maintain
our brands or if we incur substantial expenses in an
unsuccessful attempt to promote and maintain our brands, our
business would be harmed.
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We may be unable to protect or enforce our
own intellectual property rights adequately.
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We regard the protection of our trademarks,
copyrights, patents, domain names, trade dress, and trade
secrets as critical to our success. We aggressively protect our
intellectual property rights by relying on a combination of
trademark, copyright, patent, trade dress and trade secret laws,
and through the domain name dispute resolution system. We also
rely on contractual restrictions to protect our proprietary
rights in products and services. We have entered into
confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our
employees and contractors, and nondisclosure agreements with
parties with whom we conduct business in order to limit access
to and disclosure of our proprietary information. These
contractual arrangements and the other steps we have taken to
protect our intellectual property may not prevent
misappropriation of our technology or deter independent
development of similar technologies by others. We pursue the
registration of our domain names, trademarks, and service marks
in the U.S. and internationally. Effective trademark, copyright,
patent, trade dress, trade secret, and domain name protection is
very expensive to maintain and may require litigation. We must
protect our trademarks, patents, and domain names in an
increasing number of jurisdictions, a process that is expensive
and may not be successful in every location. We have licensed in
the past, and expect to license in the future, certain of our
proprietary rights, such as trademarks or copyrighted material,
to others. These licensees may take actions that diminish the
value of our proprietary rights or harm our reputation.
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We are subject to the risks of owning real
property.
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We own real property including land and buildings
related to our operations. We have little experience in managing
real property. Ownership of this property subjects us to risks,
including:
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the possibility of environmental contamination
and the costs associated with fixing any environmental problems;
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adverse changes in the value of these properties,
due to interest rate changes, changes in the neighborhoods in
which the properties are located, or other factors;
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the possible need for structural improvements in
order to comply with zoning, seismic, disability act, or other
requirements; and
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possible disputes with tenants, neighboring
owners, or others.
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Some anti-takeover provisions may affect
the price of our common stock.
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Our Board of Directors has the authority to issue
up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to determine
the preferences, rights and privileges of those shares without
any further vote or action by the stockholders. The rights of
the holders of common stock may be harmed by new rights granted
to the holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the
future. Some provisions of our certificate of incorporation and
bylaws could have the effect of making it more difficult for a
potential acquiror to acquire a majority of our outstanding
voting stock. These include provisions that provide for a
classified board of directors, prohibit stockholders from taking
action by written consent and restrict the ability of
stockholders to call special meetings. We are also subject to
provisions of Delaware law that prohibit us from engaging in any
business combination with any interested stockholder for a
period of three years from the date the person became an
interested stockholder, unless certain conditions are met. This
restriction could have the effect of delaying or preventing a
change of control.
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Item 3:
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures
About Market Risk
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Interest Rate Risk
The primary objective of our investment
activities is to preserve principal while at the same time
maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. To
achieve this objective, we maintain our portfolio of cash
equivalents and short-term and long-term investments in a
variety of securities, including government and corporate
obligations and money market funds. These securities are
generally classified as available for sale and consequently are
recorded on the balance sheet at fair value with unrealized
gains or losses reported as a separate component of accumulated
other comprehensive income (loss), net of estimated tax.
Investments in both fixed-rate and floating-rate
interest-earning instruments carry varying degrees of interest
rate risk. The fair market value of our fixed-rate securities
may be adversely impacted due to a rise in interest rates. In
general, securities with longer maturities are subject to
greater interest-rate risk than those with shorter maturities.
While floating rate securities generally are subject to less
interest-rate risk than fixed-rate securities, floating-rate
securities may produce less income than expected if interest
rates decrease. Due in part to these factors, our investment
income may fall short of expectations or we may suffer losses in
principal if securities are sold that have declined in market
value due to changes in interest rates. As of September 30,
2004, our fixed-income investments earned a pretax yield of
approximately 1.6%, with a weighted average maturity of four
months. If interest rates were to instantaneously increase
(decrease) by 100 basis points, the fair market value of
our total investment portfolio would decrease (increase) by
approximately $11.4 million.
We entered into two interest rate swaps on
June 19 and July 20, 2000, with notional amounts
totaling $95 million to reduce the impact of changes in
interest rates on a portion of the floating rate operating lease
for our San Jose headquarters office facilities. The
interest rate swaps allow us to receive floating rate receipts
based on the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, in
exchange for making fixed rate payments which effectively
changes our interest rate exposure on our operating lease from a
floating rate to a fixed rate on $95 million of the total
$126.4 million notional amount of our San Jose
headquarters facility lease commitment. The balance of
$31.4 million remains at a floating rate of interest based
on the spread over 3-month LIBOR. If the 3-month LIBOR rates
were to increase (decrease) by 100 basis points, our
payments would increase (decrease) by $78,000 per quarter.
Equity Price Risk
We are exposed to equity price risk on the
marketable portion of equity investments we hold, typically as
the result of strategic investments in third parties that are
subject to considerable market risk due to their volatility. We
typically do not attempt to reduce or eliminate our market
exposure in these equity investments.
69
As of September 30, 2004, we did not have
any unrealized gains or losses associated with our equity
investments. In accordance with our policy to assess whether an
impairment loss on our investments has occurred due to declines
in fair value and other market conditions, we determined that
declines in fair value of certain of our marketable and
non-marketable equity investments were other than temporary.
Accordingly, we recorded impairment charges totaling $230,000
during the nine months ended September 30, 2003, and no
impairment charge during the nine months ended
September 30, 2004 relating to the other-than-temporary
impairment in the fair value of equity investments. At
September 30, 2004, the total fair value of our equity
investments was $46.7 million.
Foreign Currency Risk
International net revenues result from
transactions by our foreign operations and are typically
denominated in the local currency of each country. These
operations also incur most of their expenses in the local
currency. Accordingly, our foreign operations use the local
currency, which is primarily the Euro as their functional
currency. Our international operations are subject to risks
typical of international operations, including, but not limited
to, differing economic conditions, changes in political climate,
differing tax structures, other regulations and restrictions,
and foreign exchange rate volatility. Accordingly, our future
results could be materially adversely impacted by changes in
these or other factors.
Foreign exchange rate fluctuations may adversely
impact our financial position as well as our results of
operations. Foreign exchange rate fluctuations may adversely
impact our financial position as the assets and liabilities of
our foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars in
preparing our consolidated balance sheet. The effect of foreign
exchange rate fluctuations on our consolidated financial
position for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, was
a translation gain of approximately $5.7 million. This gain
is recognized as an adjustment to stockholders equity
through acc