ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Business Overview
NIC is a provider of eGovernment services that helps governments use the Internet to increase internal efficiencies and provide a higher level of service to businesses and citizens. We accomplish this currently through two channels: our portal outsourcing businesses and our software & services businesses. In our primary portal outsourcing business, we enter into long-term contracts with governments to design, build and operate Web-based, enterprise-wide portals on their behalf. These portals consist of Web sites and applications we have built that allow businesses and citizens to access government information online and complete transactions, including applying for a permit, retrieving driver's license records or filing a government-mandated form or report. The business model supporting most of our long-term contracts is a self-funded model. Our self-funding business model is one where we absorb the costs to build the portal's technical infrastructure and develop eGovernment services. After a service has launched, we and our government partners share a portion of the fees generated from electronic transactions which are paid by the end users of the service. This allows us to generate revenues by sharing in the fees we collect from eGovernment transactions. Our government partners benefit through reducing their financial and technology risks, increasing their operational efficiencies and gaining a centralized, customer-focused presence on the Internet, while businesses and citizens receive a faster, more convenient and more cost-effective means to interact with governments. We are typically responsible for funding up-front investment and ongoing operations and maintenance costs of the government portals.
Currently, we have contracts to provide portal outsourcing services to 23 states, and were recently awarded a new portal contract in New Jersey, which has not yet fully deployed. We typically enter into three- to five-year contracts with our government partners and manage operations for each contractual relationship through separate local subsidiaries that operate as decentralized businesses with a high degree of autonomy. Our business plan is to increase our revenues by signing long-term portal contracts with new government partners and by delivering new services to a growing number of government entities within our existing contractual relationships.
Our software & services businesses operate primarily through two subsidiaries, NIC Technologies and NIC Conquest, which provide software development and services other than portal outsourcing services to state and local governments. NIC Technologies primarily designs and develops online campaign expenditure and ethics compliance systems for federal and state government agencies. Currently, NIC Technologies is primarily engaged in servicing its contracts with the Federal Election Commission and the state of Michigan. During the third quarter of 2009, NIC Technologies entered into a new contract with the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, (“FMCSA”) to develop and manage a National Motor Carrier Pre-Employment Screening Program. NIC Conquest is primarily a provider of software applications and services for electronic filings and document management solutions for the California Secretary of State (“California SOS”). NIC Conquest completed the maintenance and operations phase of its contract with the California SOS effective December 31, 2009, and delivered a final release of its application to the California SOS for acceptance testing. Once the California SOS completes its acceptance testing and moves the final release into production, NIC Conquest will have no future obligations under this contract and will no longer operate in this line of business. We offer UCC applications through several of our state portals, typically through the Secretary of State’s office; however, transactional revenues associated with these applications are not associated with NIC Conquest and are included in portal revenues.
Segment Information
Our two reportable segments consist of our portal outsourcing segment and software & services segment. The portal outsourcing segment includes our subsidiaries that operate outsourced government portals and the corporate divisions that support portal operations. The software & services segment primarily includes our subsidiaries that provide software development and services other than portal outsourcing services to state and local governments, and includes NIC Technologies and NIC Conquest. For additional information relating to our reportable segments, refer to Note 13 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-K.
Industry Background
The market for government-to-business and government-to-citizen transactions
Government regulation of commercial and consumer activities requires billions of transactions and exchanges of large volumes of information between government agencies and the businesses and citizens they regulate. These transactions and exchanges include driver's license record retrieval, motor vehicle registrations, tax returns, permit applications and requests for government-gathered information. Government agencies typically defray the cost of processing these transactions and of storing, retrieving and distributing information through a combination of general tax revenues, service fees and charges for direct access to public records.
The limits of traditional government transaction methods
Traditionally, government agencies have transacted, and in many cases continue to transact, with businesses and citizens using processes that are inconvenient and labor-intensive, require extensive paperwork and use large amounts of scarce staff resources. Transactions and information requests are often made in person or by mail, which increases the potential for the compromise of sensitive personal information or errors that require revisions and follow-ups, particularly if the transactions and information requested are processed manually. Even newer methods, including telephone response systems, tape exchanges and dial-up computer networks, rely on multiple systems and potentially incompatible data formats, and require significant expertise and expenditures to introduce and maintain. As a result, businesses and citizens often have no choice but to face costly delays to complete essential tasks. These delays include waiting in line at a government agency, waiting for answers by telephone or waiting for responses by mail. Businesses and citizens encounter further inconvenience and delay because they usually can work with government agencies only during normal business hours. Even when electronic alternatives are available, they often require a cumbersome process of multiple contacts with different government agencies. Increases in the level of economic activity and in the population have exacerbated these problems and increased the demand for new services.
Growth of the Internet, electronic commerce and eGovernment
The Internet is a global medium that enables millions of people worldwide to share information, communicate and conduct business electronically. According to eMarketer, over 200 million people in the U.S. will regularly use the Internet in 2010.
Penetration of personal computers also continues to rise. According to Forrester Research, the number of personal computers in use globally will grow to 1.3 billion units by 2010. Mature markets, including North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific, will have added 150 million new personal computers by the end of this decade, while emerging markets will have increased personal computer penetration by 572 million units.
Access to high-speed Internet services provides users with a more responsive Web browsing experience. eMarketer estimates there were 312 million households with access to broadband services worldwide in 2007 and estimates this number will jump to 534 million by 2012. In the U.S. alone, eMarketer estimates there were 66 million households with access to broadband services in 2007, and believes this number will grow to 94 million in 2012.
The use of mobile technology to access eGovernment services on the Internet is also increasing rapidly. According to ComScore, in 2009, approximately 22 million people in the U.S. accessed the Internet daily using mobile technology, which is double the number of users in 2008. The rapid growth in mobile technology and smart-phone usage is expected to continue.
Similar growth trends are seen for eGovernment. Research firm Input predicts that spending on state and local government information technology outsourcing will grow to $20 billion in 2010.
Acceptance of the Internet as a medium for eGovernment
The growing acceptance of the Internet and electronic commerce presents a significant opportunity for the development of eGovernment, in which government agencies conduct transactions and distribute information over the Internet. By using the Internet, government agencies can increase the volume and efficiency of interactions with constituents without increasing expenditures or demands on current personnel. In addition, regardless of physical distance, businesses and citizens can obtain government information quickly and easily over the Internet. For example, motor vehicle administrators can provide instantaneous responses to auto insurers' requests for driving record data by allowing controlled access to government databases through the Internet. This online interaction reduces costs for both government and users and decreases response times compared to providing the same data by mail or special purpose dial-up computer connections.
Challenges to the implementation of eGovernment services
Despite the potential benefits of eGovernment, barriers to creating successful Internet-based services occasionally preclude governments from implementing them. Some of these barriers are similar to those the private sector encounters, including:
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the high cost of implementing and maintaining Internet technology in a budget-constrained environment;
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the financial, operational and technological risks of moving from older, established technologies to rapidly evolving Internet technologies;
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the need to quickly assess the requirements of potential customers and cost-effectively design and implement eGovernment services that are tailored to meet these requirements; and
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the intense competition for qualified technical personnel.
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Governments also face some unique challenges that exacerbate the difficulty of advancing to Internet-based services, including:
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lengthy and potentially politically charged appropriations processes that make it difficult for governments to acquire resources and to develop Internet services quickly;
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a diverse and substantially autonomous group of government agencies that have adopted varying and fragmented approaches to providing information and transactions over the Internet;
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a lack of marketing expertise to ensure that services are designed to meet the needs of businesses and citizens and that they are aware of their availability and encouraged to use the online service delivery channel;
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security and privacy concerns that are amplified by the confidential nature of the information and transactions available from and conducted with governments and the view that government information is part of the public trust; and
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changes in administration and turnover in government personnel among influencers and key decision makers.
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We believe traditional private sector services generally do not address the unique needs of enterprise-wide eGovernment. Most service providers do not fully understand and are not well-equipped to deal with the unique political, regulatory and security structures of governments. These providers, including large systems integrators, typically take a time-and-materials, project-based pricing approach and provide “off-the-shelf” solutions designed for other industries that may not adequately balance the responsiveness to change of a successful Internet business with the longer time horizons and extended commitment periods of government projects.
What We Provide to Governments
In our core portal outsourcing segment, we provide Internet-based eGovernment services that meet the needs of governments, businesses and citizens. The key elements of our service delivery are:
Customer-focused, one-stop government portal
Using our marketing and technical expertise and our government experience, we develop, build and operate enterprise-wide portals for our government partners that are designed to meet their needs as well as those of the businesses and citizens they serve. Our portals are designed to create a single point of presence on the Internet that allows businesses and citizens to reach the Web site of every government agency in a specific jurisdiction from one online location. We strive to employ a common look and feel in the Web sites of all government agencies associated with our government portals and make them useful, appealing and easy to use. In addition to developing and managing the government portal, we develop applications that allow businesses and citizens to complete processes that have traditionally required separate offline interaction with several different government agencies. These applications also permit businesses and citizens to conduct transactions with government agencies and to obtain information 24 hours per day and seven days per week. We also help our government partners to generate awareness and educate businesses and citizens about the availability and potential benefits of eGovernment services.
Compelling and flexible financial models for governments
With our self-funding business model, we allow governments to implement comprehensive eGovernment services at minimal cost and risk. We take on the responsibility and cost of designing, building and operating government portals and applications, with minimal use of government resources. We employ our technological resources and accumulated expertise to help governments avoid the risks of selecting and investing in new and often untested technologies that may be implemented by unproven third-party providers. We implement our services rapidly, efficiently and accurately, using our well-tested and reliable infrastructure and processes. Once we establish a portal and the associated applications, we manage transaction flows, data exchange and payment processing, and we fund ongoing costs from the fees received from portal users, who access information and conduct transactions through the portal. We are also able to provide specific fee-based application and portal outsourcing solutions to governments who cannot or do not wish to pursue a self-funding portal solution.
Focused relationship with governments
We form relationships with governments by developing an in-depth understanding of their interests and then aligning our interests with theirs. By tying our revenues to the development of successful services and applications, we work to assure government agencies and constituents that we are focused on their needs. Moreover, we have pioneered and encourage our partners to adopt a model for eGovernment policymaking that involves the formation of oversight boards to bring together interested government agencies, business and consumer groups and other vested interest constituencies in a single forum. We work within this forum to maintain constant contact with government agencies and constituents and strive to ensure their participation in the development of eGovernment services. We attempt to understand and facilitate the resolution of potential political disputes among these participants to maximize the benefits of our services. We also design our services to observe relevant privacy and security regulations, so that they meet the same high standards of integrity, confidentiality and public service as government agencies would observe in their own actions.
Government Contracts
Our portal outsourcing businesses
Through our portal outsourcing businesses, we currently have contracts with 23 state governments, and were recently awarded a new portal contract in New Jersey, which has not yet fully deployed. At December 31, 2009, we maintained outsourced government portal service contracts with the following portals:
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NIC Subsidiary
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Portal Web Site (State)
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Year Services
Commenced
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Contract Expiration Date
(
Renewal Options Through)
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New Mexico Interactive, LLC
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www.mvd.newmexico.gov
(New Mexico)
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2009
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6/1/2010 (6/1/2013)
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Texas NICUSA, LLC
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www.TexasOnline.com (Texas)
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2009
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8/31/2016
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West Virginia Interactive
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www.WV.gov (West Virginia)
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2007
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6/30/2010
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NICUSA, AZ Division
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www.AZ.gov
(Arizona)
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2007
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6/26/2010 (6/26/2013)
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Vermont Information Consortium
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www.Vermont.gov (Vermont)
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2006
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10/14/2012
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Colorado Interactive
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www.Colorado.gov (Colorado)
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2005
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5/19/2010 (5/19/2014)
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South Carolina Interactive
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www.SC.gov (South Carolina)
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2005
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7/15/2014
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Kentucky Interactive
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www.Kentucky.gov (Kentucky)
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2003
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8/19/2012 (8/19/2015)
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Alabama Interactive
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www.Alabama.gov (Alabama)
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2002
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2/28/2011 (2/28/2012)
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Rhode Island Interactive
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www.RI.gov (Rhode Island)
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2001
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8/7/2010 (8/7/2012)
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Oklahoma Interactive
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www.OK.gov (Oklahoma)
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2001
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12/31/2010 (12/31/2014)
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Montana Interactive
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www.MT.gov (Montana)
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2001
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12/31/2010
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NICUSA, TN Division
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www.Tennessee.gov (Tennessee)
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2000
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8/27/2010
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Hawaii Information Consortium
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www.Hawaii.gov (Hawaii)
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2000
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1/3/2013 (unlimited 3-year renewal options)
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Idaho Information Consortium
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www.Idaho.gov (Idaho)
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2000
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6/30/2011 (6/30/2015)
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Utah Interactive
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www.Utah.gov (Utah)
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1999
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6/5/2013 (6/5/2019)
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Maine Information Network
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www.Maine.gov (Maine)
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1999
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3/14/2012 (3/14/2018)
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Arkansas Information Consortium
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www.Arkansas.gov (Arkansas)
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1997
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6/30/2010
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Iowa Interactive
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www.Iowa.gov (Iowa)
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1997
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3/31/2011 (3/31/2012)
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Virginia Interactive
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www.Virginia.gov (Virginia)
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1997
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8/31/2012
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Indiana Interactive
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www.IN.gov (Indiana)
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1995
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6/30/2010 (6/30/2014)
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Nebraska Interactive
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www.Nebraska.gov (Nebraska)
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1995
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1/31/2014 (1/31/2016)
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Kansas Information Consortium
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www.Kansas.gov (Kansas)
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1992
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12/31/2012 (12/31/2016)
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Our government portals operate under separate contracts that generally have an initial term of three to five years. Under a typical self-funding contract, a government agrees that:
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we have the right to develop a comprehensive Internet portal owned by that government to deliver eGovernment services;
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the portal we establish is the primary electronic and Internet interface between the government and its citizens;
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it advocates the use of the portal for all commercially valuable applications in order to support the operation and expansion of the portal;
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it sponsors access to agencies and local governments for the purpose of entering into agreements with these agencies to develop applications for their data and transactions and to link their Web pages to the portal; and
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it establishes a policy-making and fee approval board, which typically includes agency members, business customers and others, to establish prices for services and to set other policies.
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In return, we agree to:
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develop, manage, market, maintain and expand that government's portal and information and electronic commerce applications;
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assume the investment risk of building and operating that government's portal and applications without the direct use of tax dollars;
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bear the risk of collecting transaction fees; and
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have an independent audit conducted upon that government's request.
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We typically own all the software we develop under our government portal contracts. After completion of the initial contract term, our government partners typically receive a perpetual, royalty-free license to use the software only in their own portals. However, certain customer management, billing and payment processing software applications that we have developed and standardized centrally and that are utilized by our portal businesses, are being provided to an increasing number of our government partners on a software-as-a-service, or “SaaS,” basis, and thus would not be included in any royalty-free license. We have begun to provide certain payment processing services on a SaaS basis to a few private sector companies and non-NIC portal states, and may continue to market these services to other entities in the future. Historically, however, revenues from these services have been insignificant.
We also enter into separate agreements with various agencies and divisions of our government partners for the sale of electronic access to public records and to conduct other transactions. These agreements preliminarily establish the pricing of the electronic transactions and data access services we provide and the amounts we must remit to the agency. These terms are then submitted to the policy-making and fee approval board for approval. Generally, our contracts provide that the amount of any fees we retain is set by governments to provide us with a reasonable return or profit. We have limited control over the level of fees we are permitted to retain. Any changes made to the amount or percentage of fees retained by NIC, or to the amounts charged for the services offered, could adversely affect the profitability of the respective contract to NIC. We do have the general ability to control certain of our expenses in the event of a reduction in the amount or percentage of fees we retain; however, there may be a lag in the time it takes to do so should we determine it is necessary.
Any renewal of these contracts beyond the initial term is optional and a government may terminate its contract prior to the expiration date upon specific cause events that are not cured within a specified period and, in certain circumstances, upon passing legislation. Six contracts under which we provide portal outsourcing services can be terminated without cause on a specified period of notice. Collectively, revenues generated from contracts that can be terminated without cause represented 49% of our portal revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009. In the event that any of these contracts would be terminated without cause, the terms of the respective contract may require the government to pay a fee to us in order to continue to use our software in its portal. In addition, the loss of one or more of our larger state portal partners, such as Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Texas, Utah or Virginia, as a result of the expiration, termination or failure to renew the respective contract, if such partner is not replaced, could significantly reduce our revenues and profitability.
Our software & services businesses
NIC Technologies
NIC Technologies primarily designs and develops online campaign expenditure and ethics compliance systems for federal and state government agencies. Our current government clients include the Federal Election Commission (
www.FEC.gov
) and the state of Michigan (
www.Michigan.gov/sos
). During the third quarter of 2009, NIC Technologies entered into a new contract with the FMCSA to develop and manage a National Motor Carrier Pre-Employment Screening Program. The contract has an initial one-year term, with four single-year renewals at the option of the FMCSA.
NIC Conquest
NIC Conquest primarily provides software applications and services for electronic filings and document management solutions for the California SOS. NIC Conquest completed the maintenance and operations phase of its contract with the California SOS effective December 31, 2009, and delivered a final release of its application to the California SOS for acceptance testing. Once the California SOS completes its acceptance testing and moves the final release into production, NIC Conquest will have no future obligations under this contract and will no longer operate in this line of business.
Our Portal Service Offerings
We work with our government partners to develop, manage and enhance comprehensive, enterprise-wide, Internet-based portals to deliver eGovernment services to their constituents. Our portals are designed to provide user-friendly and convenient access to in-demand government information and services and include numerous fee-based transaction services and applications that we have developed. These fee-based services and applications allow businesses and citizens to access constantly changing government information and to file necessary government documents. The types of services and the fees charged vary in each portal installation according to the unique preferences of that jurisdiction. In an effort to reduce the frustration businesses and citizens often encounter when dealing with multiple government agencies, we handle cross-agency communications whenever feasible and shield businesses and citizens from the complexity of older, mainframe-based systems that agencies commonly use, creating an intuitive and efficient interaction with governments.
Some of the online services we currently offer in different jurisdictions include
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Product or Service
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Description
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Primary Users
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Driver's License Records Retrieval
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For those legally authorized businesses, this service offers controlled instant look-up of driving records. Includes commercial licenses.
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Insurance companies
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Vehicle Title, Lien & Registration
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Provides controlled interactive title, registration and lien database access. Permits citizens to renew their vehicle registrations online.
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Insurance companies, lenders, citizens
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Health Professional License Services
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Allows users to search databases on several health professions to verify license status.
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Hospitals, clinics, health insurers, citizens
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Secretary of State Business Searches
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Allows users to access filings of corporations, partnerships and other entities, including charter documents.
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Attorneys, lenders
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Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) Searches and Filings
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Permits searches of the UCC database to verify financial liens, and permits filings of secured financial documents.
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Attorneys, lenders
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Professional License Renewal
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Permits professionals to renew their licenses online using a credit card.
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Attorneys, doctors, nurses, architects and other licensed professionals
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Driver’s License Renewal
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Permits citizens to renew their driver’s license online using a credit card.
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Citizens
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Limited Criminal History Searches
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For those legally authorized, provides users with the ability to obtain a limited criminal history report on a specified individual.
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Schools, governments, human resource professionals, nonprofits working with children or handicapped adults
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Income and Property Tax Payments
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Allows users to file and pay for a variety of state and local income and property taxes.
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Businesses and citizens
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Hunting and Fishing Licenses
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Permits citizens to obtain and pay for outdoor recreation licenses over the Internet or from point-of-purchase retail kiosks.
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Citizens
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Business Registrations and Renewals
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Allows business owners to search for and reserve a business name, submit and pay for the business registration, and renew the business registration on an annual basis.
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Businesses
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In addition to these services, we also provide customer service and support. Our customer service representatives serve as a liaison between our government partners and businesses and citizens.
Revenues
In our outsourced portal businesses, we currently derive revenue from three main sources: transaction-based fees, time and materials-based fees for application development and fixed fees for portal management services.
In most of our outsourced portal businesses, the majority of our revenues are generated from transactions, which generally include the collection of transaction-based and subscription fees from users. The highest volume, most commercially valuable service we offer is access to motor vehicle records. This service accounted for approximately 54% of our portal revenues in 2007, 48% in 2008 and 44% in 2009. LexisNexis Risk Solutions (formerly ChoicePoint), which resells these records to the auto insurance industry, accounted for approximately 40% of portal revenues in 2007, and 33% in each of 2008 and 2009. Transaction-based revenues accounted for approximately 88% of our outsourced portal revenues in 2007, 84% in 2008 and 83% in 2009. Fees for application development accounted for approximately 6% of our outsourced portal revenues in 2007, 8% in 2008 and 11% in 2009. Fixed fees for portal management accounted for approximately 6% of our outsourced portal revenues in 2007, 8% in 2008 and 6% in 2009. Fees for application development and fixed fees for portal management are paid to us by our government partners.
Our portal operations in the state of Indiana accounted for approximately 11% of our portal revenues in 2007 and 2008, while our portal operations in the state of Texas accounted for approximately 15% of our portal revenues in 2009. Our portal operations in the state of Indiana accounted for approximately 11% of our consolidated revenues in 2007 and 10% of our consolidated revenues in 2008, while our portal operations in the state of Texas accounted for approximately 15% of our consolidated revenues in 2009. No other state portals accounted for more than 10% of portal or consolidated revenues during the last three years.
Sales and Marketing
We have two primary sales and marketing goals:
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to develop new sources of revenue through new government relationships; and
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to retain and grow our revenue streams from existing government relationships.
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We have well-established sales and marketing processes for achieving these goals, which are managed by our national sales division and a marketing department within most of our outsourced portal businesses.
Developing new sources of revenue
We focus our new government sales and marketing efforts on increasing the number of governments and government agencies that are receptive to a public/private model for delivering information and/or completing transactions over the Internet. We meet regularly with interested government officials to educate them on the public/private model and its potential advantages for their jurisdictions. Members of our management team are also regular speakers at conferences devoted to the application of Internet technologies to facilitate the relationship between governments and their citizens. In states where we believe interest is significant, we seek to develop supportive, educational relationships with professional and business organizations that may benefit from the government service improvements our service delivery can produce. We also focus our corporate marketing efforts on key government decision makers through the use of print media, advertising, white paper development, media relations and corporate communications.
Once a government decides to implement a public/private model for managing Internet access to information resources and transactions, it typically starts a selection process that operates under special rules that apply to government purchasing. These rules typically require open bidding by possible service providers against a list of requirements established by the government under existing procedures or procedures specifically created for the Internet provider selection process. We respond to requests for bids with a proposal that outlines in detail our philosophy and plans for implementing our business model. Once our proposal is selected, we enter into negotiations for a contract.
Growing existing markets
In our existing government relationships, our marketing efforts focus on:
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expanding the number of government agencies that provide services or information on the government portal;
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identifying new information and transactions that can be usefully and cost-effectively delivered over the Internet;
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working with the governance authorities in our existing markets to ensure that online services are priced in a manner to encourage usage; and
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increasing the number of potential users who do business with governments over the Internet.
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Although each government's unique political and economic environment drives different marketing and development priorities, we have found many of our core applications to be relevant across multiple jurisdictions. Each of our outsourced portal businesses has a director of marketing and additional marketing staff who meet regularly with government, business and consumer representatives to discuss potential new services. We also promote the use of our extensive library of unique revenue-generating eGovernment services to existing and new customers through speaking engagements and targeted advertising to organizations for professionals, including lawyers, bankers and insurance agents who have a need for regular interaction with government. We identify services that have been developed and implemented successfully for one government and replicate them in other jurisdictions.
Technology and Operations
Over the past 18 years, we have made substantial investments in the development of Internet-based applications and operations specifically designed to allow businesses and citizens to transact with and receive information from governments. The scope of our technological expertise includes network engineering as it applies to the interconnection of government systems to the Internet, Internet security, Web-to-legacy system integration, Web-to-mainframe integration, Web-to-mobile integration, database design, Web site administration and Web page development. Within this scope, we have developed and implemented a comprehensive Internet portal framework for governments, and a broad array of stand-alone products and services using a combination of our own proprietary technologies and commercially available, licensed technologies. We believe that our technological expertise, coupled with our in-depth understanding of governmental processes and systems, has made us adept at rapidly creating tailored portal services that keep our partners on the forefront of eGovernment.
Each of our government partners has unique priorities and needs in the development of its eGovernment services. More than half of our employees work in the Internet services and application development and technology operations areas, and most are focused on a single government partner's application needs. Our employees develop an understanding of a specific government's application priorities, technical profiles and information technology personnel and management. At the same time, all of our development directors are trained by experienced technical staff from our other operations, and there is frequent communication and cooperation, which ensures that our government partners can make use of the most advanced eGovernment services we have developed throughout our organization.
Some of our portals and applications are physically hosted in each jurisdiction in which we operate on servers that we own or lease. The rest of our portals and applications are hosted at a central data facility operated by a third party, with backup at a similar facility in another location. We also provide links to sites that are maintained by government agencies or organizations that we do not manage. Our businesses provide uninterrupted online service 24 hours per day and seven days a week, and our operations maintain extensive backup, security and disaster recovery procedures.
History has proven that our systems and applications are scalable and can easily be replicated from one government entity to another. We focus on sustaining low-overhead operations, with all major investments driven by the objective of deploying the highest value-added technology and applications to each operation.
Finally, we have designed our government portals and applications to be compatible with virtually any existing system and to be rapidly deployable. To enable speed and efficiency of deployment, we license commercially available technology whenever possible and focus on the integration and customization of these off-the-shelf hardware and software components when necessary. While we expect that commercially licensed technology will continue to be available at reasonable costs, there can be no assurance that the licenses for such third-party technologies will not be terminated or that we will be able to license third-party technology and applications for future services. While we do not believe that one individual technology or application we license is material to our business, changes in or the loss of third party licenses could lead to a material increase in the costs of licensing or to our products becoming inoperable or their performance being materially reduced, with the result that we may need to incur additional development or procurement costs in an attempt to ensure continued performance of our services.
We regard our intellectual property as important to our success. We rely on a combination of nondisclosure and other contractual arrangements with governments, our employees, subcontractors and other third parties, copyrights and privacy and trade secret laws to protect and limit the distribution of the proprietary software applications, documentation and processes we have developed in connection with the eGovernment services we offer.
Competition
We face intense competition in all sectors of our business. We believe that the principal factors upon which our businesses compete are:
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our unique understanding of government needs;
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the quality and fit of eGovernment services;
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speed and responsiveness to the needs of businesses and citizens; and
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We believe we compete favorably with respect to the above-listed factors. In most cases, the principal substitute for our services is a government-designed and managed service that integrates other vendors' technologies, products and services. Companies that have expertise in marketing and providing technical electronic services to government entities compete with us by further developing their services and increasing their focus on this segment of their business. Many of our potential competitors are national or international in scope and have greater resources than we do.
Additionally, in some geographic areas, we may face competition from smaller consulting firms with established reputations and political relationships with potential government partners. Examples of companies that may compete and/or currently compete with us are the following:
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large systems integrators, including CGI and Unisys;
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traditional software applications developers, including Microsoft and Oracle; and
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traditional consulting firms, including IBM Global Services and Accenture.
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Seasonality
The use of some of our eGovernment services is seasonal, particularly the accessing of drivers' records, resulting in lower revenues from this service in the fourth quarter of each calendar year, due to the lower number of business days in this quarter and a lower volume of transactions during the holiday period.
Employees
As of December 31, 2009, we had 606 full-time employees, of which 72 were working in corporate operations, 512 were in our outsourced portal businesses and 22 were in our software & services businesses. Our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to continue to attract, retain and motivate highly qualified technical and management personnel. From time to time, we also employ independent contractors to support our application development, marketing, sales and support and administrative organizations. Our employees are not covered by any collective bargaining agreement, and we have never experienced a work stoppage. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In that case, the value of our common stock could decline substantially.
A prolonged economic slowdown could harm our operations.
A prolonged economic downturn or recession could materially impact our operations to the extent it results in reduced demand for Web-based access to governmental services. In addition, it may hinder our efforts to obtain new business by distracting the attention of governments or impairing the ability of governments to hear or act upon our value proposition due to reduced personnel or turnover. These same factors may also jeopardize our renewal or rebid opportunities on existing contracts. If current market and economic conditions persist or deteriorate, we may experience adverse impacts on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
We may be unable to sustain the usage levels of current services that provide a significant percentage of our revenues.
We obtain a high proportion of our revenues from a limited number of services. Transaction-based fees charged for access to motor vehicle records accounted for approximately 44% of our portal revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 and are expected to continue to account for a significant portion of our revenues in the near future. Regulatory changes or the development or increased use of alternative information sources, such as credit scoring, could materially reduce our revenues from this service. A reduction in revenues from currently popular services would harm our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
Because a major portion of our current revenues is generated from a small number of users, the loss of any of these users may harm our business and financial condition.
A significant portion of our revenues is derived from data resellers' use of our portals to access motor vehicle records for sale to the automobile insurance industry. For the year ended December 31, 2009, one of these data resellers, LexisNexis Risk Solutions (formerly ChoicePoint), accounted for approximately 33% of our portal revenues. It is possible that these users will develop alternative data sources or new business processes that would materially diminish their use of our portals. The loss of all or a substantial portion of business from any of these entities would harm our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
A proceeding against the Company and certain of its key officers is being considered by the SEC Enforcement Division Staff which, if authorized by the Commission, could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
The Company has previously disclosed an investigation by the staff of the Division of Enforcement (the "Staff") of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") regarding the reimbursement of expenses to Jeffrey S. Fraser, the Company's former Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. The Company has fully cooperated with the Staff’s investigation, has engaged in its own thorough and independent internal investigation through its Audit Committee for the period from 2004 through June 2007 and the Audit Committee is further reviewing expense reimbursement to Mr. Fraser for 1999 through 2003, has bolstered its compliance procedures and internal controls, and has sought and obtained restitution from Mr. Fraser of expenses paid by the Company that Mr. Fraser was not authorized to receive.
On March 9, 2010, the Company and Harry H. Herington, the Company’s Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, Stephen M. Kovzan, the Company's Chief Financial Officer, and William F. Bradley, Jr., the Company's Chief Operating Officer and General Counsel (collectively the “Officers”), received "Wells Notices" from the Staff
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A Wells Notice provides recipients with an opportunity to respond to issues raised in an investigation prior to any decision by the Commission on bringing an enforcement action, and is neither a formal allegation nor a finding of wrongdoing.
The Wells Notice stated that the Staff is considering recommending that the Commission authorize a civil injunctive action against the Company and its Officers alleging violations of the anti-fraud, books and records, internal controls, extension of credit to officers and directors, and proxy and periodic reporting provisions of the federal securities laws. The Staff indicated that it may seek a permanent injunction and civil penalties against the Company and its Officers, disgorgement and officer and director bars against the Officers, and permanent suspensions from appearing and practicing before the SEC against Mr. Kovzan and Mr. Bradley.
The amounts involved appear to be approximately $1.1 million for the period from 2002 through 2007. It appears that the Staff believes that the Company and its Officers should have responded sooner and more completely to indications of potential misconduct by Mr. Fraser involving claiming personal expenses as reimbursable business expenses. Any expense reimbursements improperly claimed by Mr. Fraser were not authorized by the Company's board of directors or any of its committees as compensation or loans. It appears that the Staff also believes that the Company and its Officers should have characterized certain authorized payments to Mr. Fraser as compensation rather than reimbursed business expenses, including approximately $473,000 of the $1.1 million relating to travel by Mr. Fraser from Jackson, Wyoming to the Company's headquarters in Kansas. The Staff did not indicate that it believes Mr. Herington, Mr. Kovzan, or Mr. Bradley personally received any inappropriate expense reimbursements or that there was any failure to properly disclose their own compensation. The Company and the Officers disagree with the proposed recommendations of the Staff and are prepared to explain their reasons for this view.
It is the Company's understanding that the Staff is reviewing a portion of 2008 in addition to its review of 2002 – 2007. In the event that the SEC investigation or Audit Committee review results in the identification of additional personal expense amounts that Mr. Fraser was not authorized to receive, the Company will seek repayment of such additional amounts from Mr. Fraser.
Even if the Staff's view of the characterization of Mr. Fraser’s expenses is finally determined to be correct, the Company believes that the expenses would continue to be reflected as selling and administrative expenses in the Company's results for the period from 2002 through 2007 and would not significantly change the Company's operating income (loss) or net income (loss) during any of those periods.
There can be no assurance that the SEC will not take actions that could adversely affect the Company as a result of the matters described above. Among other things, if the SEC were to authorize and obtain officer and director bars in a SEC civil injunctive action against any of the members of management referenced above, the Company would lose the services of key personnel that could be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company. We have incurred significant legal fees and other expenses in connection with the SEC investigation and the Audit Committee review and could incur significant legal fees and other expenses or fines or other penalties in connection with the ongoing SEC investigation and Audit Committee review, including advancements of expenses to current and former executive officers of the Company. In addition, members of our management have devoted in the past, and may need to devote in the future, a significant amount of time to these matters, which would reduce the amount of time they can devote to our business and therefore may have an adverse effect on our business.
We may face damage to our professional reputation if our partners are not satisfied with our services or services provided by our third-party credit card merchant processors.
We depend to a large extent on our relationships with our government partners, our reputation for high quality professional services and commitment to preserving public trust to attract and retain customers. As a result, if one of our government partners is not satisfied with our services or services provided by our third-party credit card merchant processors, it may be more damaging in our business than in other businesses.
We depend on subcontractors or the third parties with whom we partner for certain projects. If these parties fail to satisfy their obligations to us or we are unable to maintain these relationships, our operating results and business prospects could be adversely affected.
Certain large and complex projects require that we utilize subcontractors or that our services and solutions integrate with the software, systems or infrastructure requirements of other vendors and service providers. Our ability to serve our clients and deliver and implement our solutions in a timely manner depends on the ability of these subcontractors, vendors and service providers to meet their project obligations in a timely manner, as well as on our effective oversight of their performance. There is a risk that we may have disputes with our subcontractors arising from, among other things, the quality and timeliness of work performed by the subcontractors or customer concerns about the subcontractors. Disputes with subcontractors could lead to legal disputes and litigation. Adverse judgments or settlements in legal disputes may result in significant monetary damages or injunctive relief against us. In addition, if any of our subcontractors fails to perform on a timely basis the agreed-upon services, our ability to fulfill our obligations as a prime contractor may be jeopardized. Subcontractor performance deficiencies could result in the termination of our contract for default. A termination for default could expose us to liability and have an adverse effect on our business prospects, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition and our ability to compete for future contracts and orders.
Because a major portion of our accounts receivable is from a small number of users, negative trends in their businesses could cause us significant credit loss and negatively impact our operating cash flows and liquidity.
LexisNexis Risk Solutions (formerly ChoicePoint) and other data resellers have a period of time, generally within 25 days of billing, to remit payment. As a result, we are subject to a significant concentration of credit risk that these users will not pay for their purchases. Our credit risk may increase due to liquidity or solvency issues experienced by these users, for example, as a result of the current severe economic downturn. At December 31, 2009, LexisNexis Risk Solutions accounted for approximately 25% of our consolidated accounts receivable. In addition, our business is generally subject to the risk that our customers and counterparties will fail to meet their obligations when due, particularly given the current state of the economy. While we perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers, we generally do not require collateral to secure accounts receivable. If we were unable to collect a major portion of our accounts receivable, we may suffer significant losses and our results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and liquidity may be adversely affected.
Our portal revenues could be harmed as a result of government budget deficits.
The majority of our portal revenues are derived from fees we charge to users for transactions conducted through our portals and share with our government partners. Budget-strapped governments may seek to reduce our transaction revenues from our self-funded business model or the profit margin we disclose to them, or may decide to operate the portals themselves. Approximately 11% of our portal revenues in 2009 were derived from time and materials-based fees for application development and approximately 6% of our portal revenues in 2009 were derived from fixed fees for portal management services, both of which are paid directly to us by governments. In the event of budget deficits, our government clients may be required to curtail discretionary spending on such projects and our portal revenues could be harmed.
The fees we collect for many of our services are subject to regulation that could limit growth of our revenues and profitability.
Under the terms of our self-funded outsourced government portal contracts, we remit a portion of the transaction fees we collect to state agencies. Generally, our contracts provide that the amount of any transaction fees we retain is set by governments to provide us with a reasonable return or profit. We have limited control over the level of transaction fees we are permitted to retain. Our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition may be harmed if the level of fees we are permitted to retain in the future is too low or if our costs rise without a commensurate increase in fees.
Increases in credit card association fees may result in the loss of customers or a reduction in our earnings.
From time to time, Visa, MasterCard, American Express and Discover increase the fees (interchange and assessment fees) that they charge processors such as us. We could attempt to pass these increases along to our government client customers, but this might result in the loss of those customers. If we elect not to pass along such increased fees to our government client customers in the future, we may have to absorb all or a portion of such increases thereby increasing our operating costs and reducing our earnings.
If our competitors are more successful in attracting and retaining customers and users, then our revenues and profits could decline.
The principal substitute for our services is a government-designed and managed service that integrates other vendors' technologies, products and services. Companies that have expertise in marketing and providing technical electronic services to government entities compete with us by further developing their services and increasing their focus on this piece of their business. Many of our potential competitors are national or international in scope and have greater resources than we do. These resources could enable our potential competitors to initiate severe price cuts or take other measures in an effort to gain market share. Additionally, in some geographic areas, we may face competition from smaller consulting firms with established reputations and political relationships with potential government partners. If we do not compete effectively or if we experience any pricing pressures, reduced margins or loss of market share resulting from increased competition, our business and financial condition may be adversely affected.
Because we have portal outsourcing contracts with a limited number of governments, the termination of certain of these contracts may harm our business.
Currently, we have portal contracts with 23 state governments, and were recently awarded a new portal contract in New Jersey, which has not yet fully deployed. These contracts typically have initial terms of three to five years with optional renewal periods of one to five years. However, any renewal is optional and a government may terminate its contract prior to the expiration date upon specific cause events that are not cured within a specified period and, in certain circumstances, upon passing legislation.
Additionally, six contracts under which we provide portal management and application development services can be terminated without cause on a specified period of notice. Collectively, revenues generated from contracts that can be terminated without cause represented 49% of our portal revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009. In the event that any of these contracts would be terminated without cause, the terms of the respective contract may require the government to pay a fee to us in order to continue to use our software in its portal. In addition, the loss of one or more of our larger state portal partners, such as Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Texas, Utah or Virginia, if not replaced, could significantly reduce our revenues. If these revenue shortfalls were to occur, our business and financial condition would be harmed. We cannot be certain if, when or to what extent governments might fail to renew or terminate any or all of their contracts with us.
The growth in our revenues may be limited by the number of governments and government agencies that choose to provide eGovernment services and to adopt our business model and by the finite number of governments with which we may contract for our eGovernment services.
Our revenues are generated principally from contracts with state governments and government agencies within a state to provide eGovernment services on behalf of those government entities to complete transactions and distribute public information electronically. The growth in our revenues largely depends on government entities adopting our public/private model. We cannot assure that government entities will choose to provide eGovernment services at all, or that they will not provide such services themselves without private assistance or adopting our model. Under our self-funded business model, we initially generate a high proportion of our revenues from a limited number of transaction-based services we provide on behalf of government agencies. The failure to secure contracts with certain government agencies, particularly those agencies that control motor vehicle records, could result in revenue levels insufficient to support a portal’s operations on a self-sustained, profitable basis. In addition, as there is a finite number of states remaining with which we can contract for our services, future increases in our revenues may depend in part on our ability to expand our business model to include multi-state cooperative organizations, local governments and federal agencies and to broaden our service offerings to diversify our revenue streams across our lines of business. We cannot assure that we will succeed in expanding into new markets, broadening our service offerings, or that our services will be adaptable to those new markets.
To be successful, we must develop and market comprehensive, efficient, cost-effective and secure electronic access to public information and new services.
Our success depends in part upon our ability to attract a greater number of Internet users to access public information electronically by delivering a comprehensive composite of public information and an efficient, cost effective and secure method of electronic access and transactions. Moreover, in order to increase revenues in the future, we must continue to develop services that businesses and citizens will find valuable, and there is no guarantee that we will be able to do so. If we are unable to develop services that allow us to attract, retain and expand our current user base, our revenues and future results of operations may be harmed. We cannot assure that the services we offer will appeal to a sufficient number of Internet users to generate continued revenue growth. Our ability to attract Internet users to our government portals depends on several factors, including:
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the comprehensiveness of public records available through our government portals;
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the perceived efficiency and cost-effectiveness of accessing public records electronically;
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the effectiveness of security measures;
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the increased usage and continued reliability of the Internet; and
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the user acceptance of our online applications and services.
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Security breaches or system failures may harm our reputation and adversely affect future earnings.
A significant challenge to electronic commerce is the secure transmission of sensitive and/or personal information (“information”) over public networks. In addition to complying with requirements established for protecting information contained in federal and state laws, we are also required to comply with the Payment Card Industry’s Data Security Standards, or PCI DSS, because we provide online payment processing services. Since we provide the electronic transmission of information released from various government entities and we perform online payment processing services, we represent a target for criminal hackers.
Despite the various security measures we have in place to protect information from unauthorized disclosure, a compromise or breach may still occur. Hackers have become increasingly sophisticated, and therefore, cyber security is an ever-moving target. A party who is able to circumvent our security measures could misappropriate information, including, but not limited to user credit card information, or cause interruptions or direct damage to our government portals.
Any breach in our security resulting in the compromise of information, could expose us to fines
imposed by the Payment Card Industry and jeopardize our ability to continue processing transactions with specific payment card brands. Also, should hackers compromise information, or create bugs or viruses in an attempt to sabotage the functionality of our applications and services, we may receive negative publicity, incur liability to or remediation costs for our portal users and our government partners or lose the confidence of the governments with whom we contract, any of which may cause the termination or modification of our government contracts.
Because we have certain portal outsourcing contracts that contain performance bond requirements and/or indemnification provisions against claims arising from our performance, we may suffer monetary damages if we fail to meet our contractual obligations. In addition, any failure to meet such obligations, whether or not a performance bond is in place, may result in reputational damages.
We are bound by performance bond commitments on certain portal outsourcing contracts. Performance deficiencies by us or our subcontractors could result in a default of a performance bond, which could expose us to liability and have an adverse effect on our business prospects, financial condition, and on our ability to compete for future portal outsourcing contracts. Further, under certain of our portal outsourcing contracts, we are required to fully indemnify our government clients against claims arising from our performance or the performance of our subcontractors. If we fail to meet our contractual obligations or our performance or our subcontractors' performance gives rise to claims, we could be subject to legal liability, monetary damages and loss of customer relationships.
We may be unable to obtain future contracts through the government procurement process.
A high percentage of our current revenues is derived from contracts with governments and government agencies that operate under special rules that apply to government purchasing. Where this process applies, there are special rules that typically require open bidding by possible service providers like us against a list of requirements established by governments under existing or specially-created procedures. To respond successfully to these requests for proposals, commonly known as RFPs, we must estimate accurately our cost structure for servicing a proposed contract, the time required to establish operations for the proposed client and the likely terms of any other proposals submitted. We also must assemble and submit a large volume of information within the strict time schedule mandated by an RFP. Whether or not we are able to respond successfully to RFPs in the future will significantly impact our business. We cannot guarantee that we will win any bids in the future through the RFP process, or that any winning bids will ultimately result in contracts. Our business, results of operations and financial condition would be harmed if we fail to obtain profitable future contracts through the RFP process.
If our potential customers are not willing to switch to or adopt our online government portals and other electronic services, our growth and revenues will be limited.
The failure to generate a large customer base would harm our growth and revenues. This failure could occur for several reasons. Our future revenues and profits depend upon the widespread acceptance and use of the Internet as an effective medium for accessing public information, particularly as a medium for government filings. We cannot assure that customer acceptance and use of the Internet will continue to grow. Additionally, we face intense competition in all sectors of our business. As a result, our efforts to create a larger customer base may be more difficult than expected even if we are perceived to offer services superior to those of our competitors. Further, because the government-to-citizen and government-to-business portal access and electronic filing market is relatively new, potential customers in this market may be confused or uncertain about the relative merits of each eGovernment application and of which application to adopt, if any. Confusion and uncertainty in the marketplace may inhibit customers from adopting our applications, which could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We may lose the right to the content distributed through our outsourced portals, which is provided to us entirely by government entities.
We do not own or create the content distributed through our outsourced portals. We depend on the governments with which we contract to supply information and data feeds to us on a timely basis to allow businesses and citizens to complete transactions and obtain government information. We cannot assure that these data sources will continue to be available in the future. Government entities could terminate their contracts to provide data. Changes in regulations could mean that governments no longer collect some types of data or that the data is protected by more stringent privacy rules preventing uses now made of it. Moreover, our data sources are not always subject to exclusive agreements, so that data included in our services also may be included in those of our potential competitors. In addition, we are dependent upon the accuracy and reliability of government computer systems and data collection for the content of our portals. The loss or the unavailability of our data sources in the future, or the loss of our exclusive right to distribute some of the data sources, could harm our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
Our business with various government entities sometimes requires specific government legislation to be passed for us to initiate and maintain our government contracts.
Because a central part of our business includes the execution of contracts with governments under which we remit a portion of user fees charged to businesses and citizens to state agencies, it is sometimes necessary for governments to draft and adopt specific legislation before the government can circulate an RFP to which we can respond. Furthermore, the maintenance of our government contracts requires the continued acceptance of our approach, including any enabling legislation and any implementing regulations. In the past, various entities that use the portals we operate to obtain government information have challenged the authority of governments to electronically provide these services exclusively through portals like those we operate. A successful challenge in the future could result in a proliferation of alternative ways to obtain these services, which would harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. The repeal or modification of any enabling legislation would also harm our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
Because a large portion of our business relies on a contractual bidding process whose parameters are established by governments, the length of our sales cycles is uncertain and can lead to shortfalls in revenues.
Our dependence on a bidding process to initiate many new projects, the parameters of which are established by governments, results in uncertainty in our sales cycles because the duration and the procedures for each bidding process vary significantly according to each government entity's policies and procedures. The time between the date of initial contact with a government for a bid and the award of the bid may range from as little as 180 days to up to several years. The bidding process is subject to factors over which we have little or no control, including:
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political acceptance of the concept of government agencies contracting with third parties to distribute public information, which has been offered traditionally only by the government agencies and often without charge;
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the internal review process by the government agencies for bid acceptance;
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the need to reach a political accommodation among various interest groups;
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changes to the bidding procedure by the government agencies;
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changes to state legislation authorizing government's contracting with third parties to distribute public information;
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changes in government administrations;
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the budgetary restrictions of government entities;
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the competition generated by the bidding process;
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the possibility of cancellation or delay by the government entities; and
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government's manner of drafting bid documents, which may partially, or not at all, utilize our method of providing eGovernment services.
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We are dependent on the bidding process for a significant part of our business. Therefore, any material delay in the bidding process, changes to the bidding practices and policies, the failure to receive the award of the bid or the failure to execute a contract may disrupt our financial results for a particular period and harm our financial condition.
We may need more working capital to fund operations and expand our business.
We believe that our current financial resources will be sufficient to meet our present working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months. However, we may need to raise additional capital before this period ends to further:
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fund operations, if unforeseen costs or revenue shortfalls arise;
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support our expansion into other states and government agencies beyond what is contemplated in 2010 if unforeseen opportunities arise;
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expand our product and service offerings beyond what is contemplated in 2010 if unforeseen opportunities arise;
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respond to unforeseen competitive pressures; and
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acquire technologies beyond what is contemplated.
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Our future liquidity and capital requirements will depend upon numerous factors, including the success of our existing and new service offerings and potentially competing technological and market developments. However, any projections of future cash flows are subject to substantial uncertainty. If current cash, lines of credit and cash generated from operations are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity securities, issue debt securities or draw on the unused portion of our line of credit. The sale of additional equity securities could result in dilution to the Company's stockholders. From time to time, we expect to evaluate the acquisition of or investment in businesses and technologies that complement our various eGovernment businesses. Acquisitions or investments might impact the Company's liquidity requirements or cause the Company to sell additional equity securities or issue debt securities. Recently, credit and capital markets have experienced unusual volatility and disruption, and equity and debt financing have become more expensive and difficult to obtain. There can be no assurance that financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to the Company, if at all. If adequate funds were not available on acceptable terms, our ability to develop or enhance our applications and services, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures would be significantly limited. This limitation could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
In the event that we need debt financing in the future, recent uncertainty in the credit markets could affect our ability to obtain debt financing on reasonable terms.
Although we do not currently need debt financing, in the event we were to require debt financing in the future, the severe dislocations and liquidity disruptions in the credit markets could materially impact our ability to obtain debt financing on reasonable terms. The inability to access debt financing on reasonable terms could materially impact our ability to make acquisitions or materially expand our business in the future.
If we fail to coordinate or expand our operational procedures and controls, we may not effectively manage our growth.
Our growth rate may increase rapidly in response to the acceptance of our services under new or existing government contracts. If we cannot manage our growth effectively, we may not be able to coordinate the activities of our technical, accounting and marketing staffs, and our business could be harmed. We intend to plan for the acceptance of new bids by a number of governmental entities so that we may be ready to begin operations as soon as possible after acceptance of a bid. Additionally, we plan to continue our expansion of eGovernment services into new government markets. As part of this growth plan, we must implement new operational procedures and controls to expand, train and manage our employees and to coordinate the operations of our various subsidiaries. If we cannot manage the growth of our government portals, staff, software installation and maintenance teams, offices and operations, our business may be harmed.
We may be unable to hire, integrate or retain qualified personnel.
The growth in our business has resulted in an increase in the responsibilities for both existing and new management personnel. Some of our personnel are presently serving in more than one managerial capacity. The loss of any of our key employees could harm our business. In addition, we currently expect that we will need to hire additional personnel in all areas throughout 2010, including personnel for new operations in jurisdictions in which we may obtain contracts. We may not be able to retain our current key employees or attract, integrate or retain other qualified employees in the future. If we do not succeed in attracting new personnel or integrating, retaining and motivating our current personnel, our business could be harmed. In addition, new employees generally require substantial training in the presentation, policies and positioning of our government portals and other services. This training will require substantial resources and management attention.
The seasonality of use for some of our eGovernment services may harm our fourth quarter results of each calendar year.
The use of some of our eGovernment services is seasonal, particularly the accessing of drivers' records, resulting in lower revenues from this service under existing portal contracts in the fourth quarter of each calendar year, due to the smaller number of business days in this quarter and a lower volume of transactions during the holiday period.
Our quarterly results of operations may be volatile and difficult to predict. If our quarterly results of operations fail to meet the expectations of public market analysts or investors, the market price of our common stock may decrease significantly.
Our future revenues and results of operations may vary significantly from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control, and any of which may harm our business. These factors include:
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the commencement, completion or termination of contracts during any particular quarter;
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the introduction of new eGovernment services by us or our competitors;
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technical difficulties or system downtime affecting the Internet generally or the operation of our eGovernment services;
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the amount and timing of operating costs and capital expenditures relating to the expansion of our business operations and infrastructure;
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the result of negative cash flows due to capital investments; and
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the incurrence of significant charges related to acquisitions.
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Due to the factors noted above, our revenues in a particular quarter may be lower than we anticipate and if we are unable to reduce spending in that quarter, our results of operations for that quarter may be harmed. One should not rely on quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our results of operations as an indication of future performance. It is possible that in some future periods our results of operations may be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors. If this occurs, the price of our common stock may decline.
Our acquisitions and strategic alliances entail numerous risks and uncertainties.
As part of our business strategy, we have made and may continue to make acquisitions or enter into strategic alliances that we believe will complement our existing businesses, increase traffic to our government clients' sites, enhance our services, broaden our software and applications offerings or technological capabilities or increase our profitability. Future acquisitions or joint ventures could present numerous risks and uncertainties, including:
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difficulties in the assimilation of operations, personnel, technologies and information systems of the acquired companies;
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the inability to successfully market, distribute, deploy and manage new products and services that we have limited or no experience in managing;
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the diversion of management's attention from our core business;
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the risk that an acquired business will not perform as expected or will have profit margins significantly lower than ours;
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risks associated with entering markets in which we have limited or no experience;
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potential loss of key employees, particularly those of our acquired businesses;
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adverse effects on existing business relationships with existing suppliers and customers;
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potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, which may be freely tradable in the public market;
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erosion of our brand equity in the eGovernment or financial markets;
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impairment, restructuring and other charges related to goodwill and other long-lived intangible assets; and
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the incurrence of debt and related interest or other expenses.
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We cannot be sure that any acquisitions we may announce will ultimately close. Moreover, even after we close such transactions, we cannot assure that we will be able to successfully integrate the new businesses or any other businesses, products or technologies we may acquire in the future.
Our intellectual property rights are valuable and any inability to protect them could harm our company.
We regard our intellectual property as important to our success. We rely on a combination of nondisclosure and other contractual arrangements with governments, our employees, subcontractors and other third parties, copyrights and privacy and trade secret laws to protect and limit the distribution of the proprietary applications, documentation and processes we have developed in connection with the eGovernment services we offer. Despite our precautions, third parties may succeed in misappropriating our intellectual property or independently developing similar intellectual property. If we fail to adequately protect our intellectual property rights and proprietary information or if we become involved in litigation relating to our intellectual property rights and proprietary technology, our business could be harmed. Any actions we take may not be adequate to protect our proprietary rights, and other companies may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our proprietary technology.
We may be subject to intellectual property infringement claims, which are costly to defend and could limit our ability to use certain technologies in the future.
We may become subject to claims alleging infringement of third-party intellectual property rights. Our portal contracts require us to indemnify our government partners for infringing software we build or use. Any claims could subject us to costly litigation, and may require us to pay damages and develop non-infringing intellectual property or acquire licenses to the intellectual property that is the subject of the alleged infringement. Licenses for such intellectual property may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. Litigation regarding intellectual property rights is common in the Internet and software industries. We expect third-party infringement claims involving Internet technologies and software products and services to increase. If an infringement claim is filed against us, we may be prevented from using certain technologies and may incur significant costs resolving the claim. We cannot assure that our applications and services do not infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties. In addition, we have agreed, and expect that we may agree in the future, to indemnify certain of our customers against claims that our services infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others. We could incur substantial costs in defending ourselves and our customers against infringement claims. In the event of a claim of infringement, we and our customers may be required to obtain one or more licenses from third parties. We cannot assure that we or our customers could obtain necessary licenses from third parties at a reasonable cost or at all.
We generally grant our customers fully paid licenses to use the software and applications we develop for use in their portals. If customers elect to terminate our contracts and manage portal operations internally, our revenues and profits could decline.
After termination or expiration of our contracts, it is possible that governments and their successors and affiliates may operate the portals themselves using their right of use license rights to the software programs and other applications we have developed for them in the operation of their portals (excluding software applications that we provide on a software-as-a-service basis). This could adversely affect our revenues and profits. Additionally, they may inadvertently allow our intellectual property or other information to fall into the hands of third parties, including our competitors.
We depend on technology licensed to us by third parties, and the loss of this technology could delay implementation of our services or force us to pay higher license fees.
We license numerous third-party technologies and applications that we incorporate into our existing service offerings, on which, in the aggregate, we are substantially dependent. There can be no assurance that the licenses for such third-party technologies will not be terminated or that we will be able to license third-party technology and applications for future services. While we do not believe that one individual technology or application we license is material to our business, changes in or the loss of third party licenses could lead to a material increase in the costs of licensing or to our products becoming inoperable or their performance being materially reduced, with the result that we may need to incur additional development or procurement costs in an attempt to ensure continued performance of our services, and either the cost of such undertakings or the failure to successfully complete such undertakings could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We depend on the increasing use of the Internet and on the growth of online government information systems. If the use of the Internet and eGovernment information systems does not continue to grow as anticipated, our business will be seriously harmed.
Our business depends on the increased acceptance and use of the Internet as a medium for accessing public information and completing government filings. Acceptance and use of the Internet may not continue to develop at historical rates and a sufficiently broad base of individuals and businesses may not adopt or continue to use the Internet as a medium for accessing government portals and other online services. Demand and market acceptance for recently introduced services over the Internet are subject to a high level of uncertainty, and there exist few proven services.
Our business would be seriously harmed if:
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use of the Internet and other online services does not continue to increase or increases more slowly than expected; or
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the technology underlying the Internet and other online services does not effectively support any expansion that may occur.
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If the Internet infrastructure fails to develop or be adequately maintained, our business would be harmed because users may not be able to access our government portals.
The Internet has experienced, and is expected to continue to experience, significant growth in the number of users and amount of traffic. If the Web continues to experience increased numbers of users, frequency of use or increased bandwidth requirements, the Internet infrastructure may not be able to support these increased demands or perform reliably. The Internet has experienced a variety of outages and other delays as a result of damage to portions of its infrastructure, and could face such outages and delays in the future. These outages and delays could reduce the level of Internet usage and traffic on our government portals. Such outages and delays would also hinder our customers' ability to complete eGovernment transactions. In addition, the Internet could lose its viability due to delays in the development or adoption of new standards and protocols to handle increased levels of activity or due to increased governmental regulation. If the Internet infrastructure is not adequately developed or maintained, use of our government portals and our government-to-citizen and government-to-business services may be reduced.
Our success depends on the increase in Internet usage generally and in particular as a means to access public information electronically. This in part requires the development and maintenance of the Internet infrastructure. If this infrastructure fails to develop or be adequately maintained, our business would be harmed because users may not be able to access our government portals. Among other things, this development and maintenance will require a reliable network backbone with the necessary speed, data capacity, security and timely development of complementary products for providing reliable Internet access and services.
We are subject to independent audits by our government customers. Deficiencies in our performance under a government contract could result in contract termination, reputational damage or financial penalties.
Each government entity with which we contract for outsourced portal services has the authority to require an independent audit of our performance and financial management of contracted operations in each respective state. The scope of audits could include inspections of income statements, balance sheets, fee structures, collections practices, service levels and our compliance with contract provisions and applicable laws, regulations and standards. We cannot assure that a future audit will not find any material performance deficiencies that would result in an adjustment to our revenues and result in financial penalties. Moreover, the consequent negative publicity could harm our reputation among other governments with which we would like to contract. All of these factors could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We may be unable to integrate new technologies and industry standards effectively.
Our future success will depend on our ability to enhance and improve the responsiveness, functionality and features of our services in accordance with industry standards and to address the increasingly sophisticated technological needs of our customers on a cost-effective and timely basis. Our ability to remain competitive will depend, in part, on our ability to:
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enhance and improve the responsiveness, functionality and other features of the government portals we offer;
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continue to develop our technical expertise;
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develop and introduce new services, applications and technology to meet changing customer needs and preferences; and
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influence and respond to emerging industry standards and other technological changes in a timely and cost-effective manner.
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We cannot assure that we will be successful in responding to the above technological and industry challenges in a timely and cost-effective manner. If we are unable to integrate new technologies and industry standards effectively, our business could be harmed.
We may be held liable for content that we obtain from government agencies.
Because we aggregate and distribute sometimes private and sensitive public information over the Internet, we may face potential liability for defamation, libel, negligence, invasion of privacy, copyright or trademark infringement, and other claims based on the nature and content of the material that is published on our outsourced government portals. Most of the agreements through which we obtain consent to disseminate this information do not contain indemnity provisions in our favor. These types of claims have been brought, sometimes successfully, against online services and Web sites in the past. We cannot assure that our general liability or errors and omissions insurance will be adequate to indemnify us for all liability that may be imposed. Any liability that is not covered by our insurance or is in excess of our insurance coverage could severely harm our business operations and financial condition.
Our systems may fail or limit user traffic.
Most of our communications hardware and computer hardware operations for delivering our eGovernment services are located individually in each state or city where we provide those services. We cannot assure that during the occurrence of fire, floods, earthquakes, power loss, telecommunications failures, break-ins and similar events that the modem banks and direct dial-up connections we have to serve as back-up systems will not prevent damage to our systems or cause interruptions to our services. Computer viruses, electronic break-ins or other similar disruptive problems could cause users to stop visiting our government portals and could cause our partners to terminate agreements with us. If any of these circumstances occurred, our business could be harmed. Our insurance policies may not adequately compensate us for any losses that may occur due to any failures of or interruptions in our systems.
Our government portals must accommodate a high volume of traffic and deliver frequently updated information. These government portals may experience interruptions due to any failure or delay by government agencies in the transmission or receipt of this information. Due to holidays and technical problems with state computer systems, our Web sites have experienced slower response times or decreased traffic in the past and may experience the same incidents in the future. In addition, our users depend on Internet service providers, online service providers and other Web site operators for access to our government portals and other online government-to-citizen and government-to-business services. Many of these providers and operators have experienced significant outages in the past due to system failures unrelated to our systems, holidays and heavy user traffic, and could experience the same outages, delays and other difficulties in the future. Any of these system failures could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We may become subject to liability under NACHA rules and standards for processing electronic direct debit payments from bank accounts.
Our electronic check processing for online payments made by direct debit to a bank account is governed by rules and standards promulgated by the National Automated Clearing House Association, or NACHA, an industry trade association of banking institutions and regional automated clearing house associations. Under those rules, we may become potentially liable for failing to handle transactions in accordance with those rules, or for failing to return funds within the prescribed time frame to the bank account of the person or entity disputing our authorization to debit those funds, before the dispute regarding our authorization is resolved. Our agreements with governmental agencies at the state, federal, and local level transfer this obligation for rapid funds return during dispute resolution to the government agencies affected, but in the event that such return does not happen, we may be potentially liable notwithstanding the government’s failure, and we may not be able to obtain reimbursement from the government involved or from the individual user or entity that initiated the debit without authorization. If this were to happen, our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition may be adversely affected.
We may become liable for violations of the Driver Privacy Protection Act as adopted federally or in each state.
We act as an outsourced manager on behalf of states, for electronic access to records pertaining to motor vehicles and motor vehicle operators (driver history records) by users and certain permitted resellers. These records are the largest group of records for which we process electronic access for any state agency, and are processed in each of our portal states. These records contain “personal information” and “sensitive personal information” as defined by the federal Driver Privacy Protection Act, and state versions of that Act adopted in every state (collectively, the “DPPA”). The DPPA regulates categories and circumstances under which “personal information” and “sensitive personal information” may be disclosed to requestors. Each state has procedures for complying with the DPPA, and such procedures may vary from state to state. We closely follow the state’s existing compliance procedures for general access, with our electronic access. If we fail to follow such procedures, or we grant access to users not in compliance with such procedures, or if such procedures are deemed inadequate in some way, our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition may be adversely affected. The DPPA permits statutory damages to be awarded to the subjects of such records, even without proof of actual damage, for certain infringements or violations of the DPPA. We may be potentially liable for such damages in such instances, and we may have no recourse against the state, or the state may not be jointly and severally liable with us.
If we cannot accurately predict the demand for our new National Motor Carrier Pre-Employment Screening Program service for the Department of Transportation, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, our business could be harmed.
Our new National Motor Carrier Pre-Employment Screening Program (“PSP”) service for the Department of Transportation, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (“FMCSA”) is expected to launch in the spring of 2010. The PSP is a new service offering for both the FMCSA and us, with no historical volume data on which to base our revenue estimates. Furthermore, the PSP is not a mandatory service for prospective motor carrier employers. The number of prospective motor carrier employers is very large. Because the system will be developed and maintained using a self-funded, transaction-based business model, the failure to generate a sufficiently large customer base and transaction volumes could harm our expected growth and revenues, and we could incur operating losses from this business. This failure could occur because potential customers may be unaware of the service or uncertain about the relative merits of the service. Conversely, if demand for the service increases rapidly, our staffing levels, operational procedures and controls may be insufficient to manage such rapid growth and our infrastructure may not be able to support the high demand or perform reliably. If we cannot manage such demand, the use of this service may be reduced and our reputation may be harmed.
We may become liable for violation of the Fair Credit Reporting Act as adopted federally.
Our new PSP service for the FMCSA requires that PSP record data be disclosed in compliance with the Fair Credit Reporting Act (“FCRA”). If we fail to follow such procedures, or we grant access to users not in compliance with such procedures, or if such procedures are deemed inadequate in some way, we may become subject to monetary fines, penalties or damages, and our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition may be adversely affected. The FCRA permits statutory damages to be awarded to the subjects of such records, even without proof of actual damage, for certain infringements or violations of the FCRA. In addition, any failure to comply with the FCRA may result in reputational damages.
We may become liable for disclosing PSP record data improperly.
A Federal law known as the Safe, Accountable, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (“SAFETEA-LU”) limits access to PSP record data to commercial driving operator applicants and their prospective employers, and can only be used in screening applicants for employment. Because the service is only useful if data access is quick and easy, we employ sophisticated systems of online agreements and validation information gathering, plus third party verification systems, to verify the identity and bona fides of any requestor. These systems may be incomplete or contain errors or omissions, or their operation may be flawed, resulting in improper disclosure or disclosure for an improper purpose or to improper persons. If we fail to follow appropriate procedures, or we grant access to users not in compliance with such procedures, or if such procedures are deemed inadequate in some way, we may become subject to monetary fines, penalties or damages, and our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition may be adversely affected. Furthermore, the magnitude of the potential number of transactions accessed through our PSP service, which we cannot currently estimate because it is a new service with no historical volume data and is not a mandatory service for prospective employers, may result in monetary damages that are correspondingly large. In addition, any failure to comply with SAFETEA-LU may result in reputational damages.
Compliance with changing regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure may result in additional expenses.
Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, new SEC regulations and NASDAQ Global Select Market rules, are creating uncertainty for companies such as ours. These new or changed laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies, which could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We are committed to maintaining adequate and appropriate standards of corporate governance and public disclosure. As a result, our efforts to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards have resulted in, and are likely to continue to result in, increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. In particular, our efforts to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related regulations regarding our required assessment of our internal control over financial reporting has required the commitment of significant financial and managerial resources. Further, our board members, chief executive officer and chief financial officer could face an increased risk of personal liability in connection with the performance of their duties. As a result, we may have difficulty attracting and retaining qualified board members and executive officers, which could harm our business. If our efforts to comply with new or changed laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to practice, our reputation may be harmed.
We may be unable to generate sufficient taxable income from future operations to fully utilize our state tax net operating loss carryforwards.
We have a history of unprofitable operations primarily due to operating losses incurred in the software & services companies we have acquired since September 1999. These losses have generated significant federal and state tax net operating losses, or NOLs. The Company fully utilized its federal NOL carryforwards during 2009. At December 31, 2009, we have deferred tax assets related to state NOL carryforwards totaling approximately $1.2 million that will begin to expire in 2016 and fully expire by 2026. Even though we currently expect to be profitable and generate taxable income in 2010 and beyond, we may not be able to sustain the necessary levels of taxable income in certain states to fully utilize our state NOL carryforwards prior to expiration. There is considerable management judgment necessary to determine future taxable income, and accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from such estimates. Accordingly, the recorded amount of the deferred tax assets considered realizable could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward periods are reduced. If this occurs, our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be negatively impacted.