UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
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þ
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2007
OR
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o
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the transition period from
to
Commission File Number 001-33029
DivX, Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
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Delaware
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33-0921758
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(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
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4780 Eastgate Mall
San Diego, California 92121
(Address of Principal Executive Offices, including Zip Code)
(858) 882-0600
(Registrants Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:
Yes
þ
No
o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (check one):
Large accelerated filer
o
Accelerated filer
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Non-accelerated filer
þ
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934):
Yes
o
No
þ
The number of shares of the Registrants Common Stock outstanding as of April 30, 2007 was 33,952,852.
DIVX, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q FOR THE PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements.
DIVX, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
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December 31,
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March 31,
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2006
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2007
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(unaudited)
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Assets
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Current assets:
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Cash and cash equivalents
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$
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86,310
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$
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47,291
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Restricted cash
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270
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Short-term investments
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62,331
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109,581
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Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $1,424 and $2,001, respectively
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6,939
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6,054
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Prepaid expenses
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1,419
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1,028
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Deferred tax assets, current
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937
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937
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Other current assets
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615
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850
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Total current assets
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158,821
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165,741
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Property and equipment, net
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3,488
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3,950
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Deferred tax assets, long term
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1,363
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1,319
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Other assets
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714
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890
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Total assets
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$
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164,386
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$
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171,900
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Liabilities and stockholders equity
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Current liabilities:
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Accounts payable
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$
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2,189
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$
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2,095
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Accrued liabilities
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1,038
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1,494
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Accrued compensation and benefits
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2,279
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3,220
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Accrued patent royalties
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742
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839
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Income taxes payable
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486
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4,304
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Deferred revenue, current
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4,654
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3,265
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Current portion of capital lease obligations
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36
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36
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Notes payable, current portion
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378
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259
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Total current liabilities
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11,802
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15,512
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Capital lease, net of current portion
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73
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64
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Notes payable, net of current portion
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15
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Deferred revenue, long term
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768
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832
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Deferred rent
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461
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441
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Liability for unvested portion of early stock option exercises
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356
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298
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Total liabilities
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13,475
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17,147
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Commitments and contingencies
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Stockholders equity:
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Preferred stock, $.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized at
December 31, 2006 and March 31, 2007, 0 shares issued and outstanding
at December 31, 2006 and March 31, 2007, respectively
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Common stock, $.001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized at
December 31, 2006 and March 31, 2007; 33,032,483 and 33,429,204 shares
issued and outstanding, excluding 514,242 and 395,801 shares subject to
repurchase at December 31, 2006 and March 31, 2007, respectively
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33
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33
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Additional paid in capital
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153,902
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156,439
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Accumulated other comprehensive loss
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(72
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(67
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Accumulated deficit
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(2,952
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(1,652
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Total stockholders equity
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150,911
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154,753
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Total liabilities and stockholders equity
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$
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164,386
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$
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171,900
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.
3
DIVX, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
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Three months ended
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March 31,
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2006
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2007
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Net revenues:
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Technology licensing
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$
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11,068
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$
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16,702
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Media and other distribution and services
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3,031
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3,516
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Total net revenues
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14,099
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20,218
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Cost of revenues:
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Cost of technology licensing
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731
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848
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Cost of media and other distribution and services(1)
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221
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261
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Total cost of revenues
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952
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1,109
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Gross profit
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13,147
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19,109
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Operating expenses:
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Selling, general and administrative(1)
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5,929
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10,796
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Product development(1)
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3,225
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4,156
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Total operating expenses
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9,154
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14,952
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Income from operations
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3,993
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4,157
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Interest income
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290
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1,909
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Interest expense and other
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(23
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(6
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Income before income taxes
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4,260
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6,060
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Income tax provision
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981
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2,400
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Net income
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$
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3,279
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$
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3,660
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Net income per share:
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Basic
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$
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0.14
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$
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0.11
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Diluted
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$
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0.11
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$
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0.10
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Shares used to compute basic net income per share
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8,196
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33,151
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Shares used to compute diluted net income per share
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10,482
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35,413
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(1)
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Stock-based compensation is allocated as follows:
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Cost of revenue
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$
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1
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$
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1
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Selling, general and administrative
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275
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513
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Product development
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90
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430
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.
4
DIVX, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(unaudited)
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Three months ended
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March 31,
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2006
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2007
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Cash flows provided by operating activities:
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Net income
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$
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3,279
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$
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3,660
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Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
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Depreciation and amortization
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280
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546
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Stock-based compensation
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366
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944
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Amortization of discount on short-term investments
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(543
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)
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
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Accounts receivable, net
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1,900
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885
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Prepaid expenses and other assets
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(59
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(146
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Accounts payable
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146
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242
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Accrued liabilities
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(14
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553
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Accrued compensation and benefits
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688
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941
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Deferred rent
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(44
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(20
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Deferred revenue, net
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279
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(1,325
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)
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Income taxes payable
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412
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1,502
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Net cash provided by operating activities
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7,233
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7,239
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Cash flows used in investing activities:
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Purchase of short-term investments
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(63,487
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)
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Proceeds from sales and maturities of short-term investments
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16,784
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Purchase of property and equipment
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(356
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(750
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)
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Restricted cash
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270
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Cash paid in Corporate Green acquisition
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(351
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)
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Net cash used in investing activities
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(707
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)
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(47,183
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)
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Cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities:
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Net proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of underwriting discounts and
commissions
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155
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1,307
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Expenses related to initial public offering
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(467
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)
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Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options
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238
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Repurchase of unvested stock
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(2
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(10
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Payments on capital lease obligations
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(17
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(9
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)
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Payments on notes payable
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(186
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)
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(134
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)
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Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
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(50
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)
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925
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
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6,476
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(39,019
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)
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
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25,035
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86,310
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
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$
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31,511
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$
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47,291
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Supplemental disclosure:
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Cash paid for income taxes
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$
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569
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$
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660
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Cash paid for interest
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23
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|
6
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.
5
DIVX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
Note 1Background and Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated condensed balance sheets as of December 31, 2006 and March 31,
2007, the consolidated condensed statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and
2007 and the consolidated condensed statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31,
2006 and 2007 are unaudited. These statements should be read in conjunction with the audited
consolidated financial statements and related notes, together with managements discussion and
analysis of financial condition and results of operations, contained in the Annual Report on Form
10-K filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on March 29, 2007.
The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP. In the
opinion of the Companys management, the unaudited consolidated financial statements have been
prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements in the Annual Report,
and include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for the fair
presentation of the Companys financial information for the periods presented. The results for the
three months ended March 31, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for
the year ending December 31, 2007.
Seasonality
The Companys technology licensing revenues are derived primarily from per-unit royalties
received from original equipment manufacturers. The Company licenses its technologies to
manufacturers of integrated circuits designed for consumer hardware products, as well as consumer
hardware device manufacturers who have licensed its technologies for incorporation in products such
as DVD players, personal media players, portable media players, digital still cameras and mobile
handsets. The Companys licensing arrangements typically entitle it to receive a royalty for each
product unit incorporating our technologies that is shipped by its original equipment manufacturer
partners. Because royalties are generated by the shipment volumes of its consumer hardware device
customers, and because sales by consumer hardware device manufacturers are highly seasonal,
historically, revenues relating to consumer hardware devices have been highly seasonal, with second
quarter revenues in any calendar year being generally lower than any other quarter in a calendar
year.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported
amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially
from these estimates.
6
Note 2 Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Interpretation No. 48,
or FIN 48,
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109
.
FIN 48 clarifies the recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement
recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48
also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in
interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 was effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2006. The Company adopted FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007. The cumulative effect of
the adoption resulted in an increase in the Companys income tax liability for unrecognized tax
benefits of $2.4 million, with a corresponding increase to accumulated deficit. See Note 6 for
additional discussion regarding the impact of the Companys adoption of FIN 48.
Also in September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,
Fair Value Measurements
, or SFAS 157.
SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The
Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of the provisions of SFAS 157.
Note 3Earnings Per Share
For periods in which the Company had two classes of equity securities, the Company followed Emerging
Issues Task Force Issue, or EITF, No. 03-6,
Participating Securities and the Two-Class Method under
FASB Statement 128
, which established standards regarding the computation of earnings per share, or
EPS, by companies that have issued securities other than common stock that contractually entitle
the holder to participate in dividends and earnings of the Company. EITF Issue No. 03-6 requires
earnings available to common stockholders for the period, after deduction of preferred stock
dividends, to be allocated between the common and preferred stockholders based on their respective
rights to receive dividends. Basic EPS is then calculated by dividing income allocable to common
stockholders (including the reduction for any undeclared, preferred stock dividends assuming
current income for the period had been distributed) by the weighted average number of shares
outstanding, net of shares subject to repurchase. EITF Issue No. 03-6 does not require the
presentation of basic and diluted EPS for securities other than common stock; therefore, the
following EPS amounts only pertain to the Companys common stock.
Upon the closing of the Companys initial public offering, in September 2006, all outstanding
shares of preferred stock were converted to shares of common stock. Since the Company became a
public company, the Company has followed SFAS No. 128,
Earnings Per Share
, which requires that
basic EPS be calculated by dividing earnings available to common stockholders for the period by the
weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Income for the periods presented was
allocated between the preferred and common stockholders on a straight-line basis over the number of
days of the respective periods presented.
The Company calculates diluted EPS under the if-converted method unless the conversion of the
preferred stock is anti-dilutive to basic EPS. To the extent preferred stock is anti-dilutive, the
Company calculates diluted EPS under the two-class method.
7
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share (in
thousands, except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Numerator:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
3,279
|
|
|
$
|
3,660
|
|
|
Income allocable to preferred stockholders
|
|
|
(2,119
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income allocable to common stockholders
|
|
$
|
1,160
|
|
|
$
|
3,660
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding (basic)
|
|
|
8,196
|
|
|
|
33,151
|
|
|
Common equivalent shares from common stock
warrants
|
|
|
588
|
|
|
|
541
|
|
|
Common equivalent shares from options to purchase
common stock and unvested shares of common stock
subject to repurchase
|
|
|
1,698
|
|
|
|
1,721
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares of common stock
outstanding (diluted)
|
|
|
10,482
|
|
|
|
35,413
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings per share
|
|
$
|
0.14
|
|
|
$
|
0.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings per share
|
|
$
|
0.11
|
|
|
$
|
0.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Potentially dilutive securities, which are not included in the calculation of diluted net
income per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive, are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Convertible preferred stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common and preferred stock warrants
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options to purchase common stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
456
|
|
|
Shares of common stock subject to repurchase
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
456
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note 4Short-term investments
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, money market funds and other highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase.
Investments with original maturities at date of purchase greater than three months are
classified as short-term investments. The Company manages its cash equivalents and short-term
investments as a single portfolio of highly marketable securities, all of which are intended to be
available for the Companys current operations. As such, all of the Companys short-term
investments are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value, as determined by
quoted market prices, with any unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, recorded as a separate
component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders equity. The cost of securities
sold is based on the specific-identification method. Investments in auction rate securities are
recorded in short-term investments, at cost, which approximates fair value due to their variable
interest rates, which typically reset every 7 to 28 days, and, despite the long-term nature of
their stated contractual maturities, the Company has the ability to quickly liquidate these
securities.
8
The following table summarizes short-term investments by security type as of March 31, 2007
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
Estimated
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
Gains
|
|
|
Losses
|
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
|
Certificates of deposit
|
|
$
|
4,500
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
4,500
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
|
|
4,087
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,088
|
|
|
Auction-rate securities
|
|
|
8,175
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,175
|
|
|
Commercial paper
|
|
|
30,268
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
(20
|
)
|
|
|
30,249
|
|
|
Corporate bonds
|
|
|
50,526
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
(55
|
)
|
|
|
50,475
|
|
|
Government
|
|
|
12,092
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
12,094
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
109,648
|
|
|
$
|
9
|
|
|
$
|
(76
|
)
|
|
$
|
109,581
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes short-term investments by security type as of December 31,
2006 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
Estimated
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
Gains
|
|
|
Losses
|
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
|
Auction-rate securities
|
|
$
|
9,800
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
9,800
|
|
|
Commercial Paper
|
|
|
23,913
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(23
|
)
|
|
|
23,890
|
|
|
Corporate Bonds
|
|
|
26,232
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(43
|
)
|
|
|
26,189
|
|
|
Government
|
|
|
2,458
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6
|
)
|
|
|
2,452
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
62,403
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
(72
|
)
|
|
$
|
62,331
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of the Companys short-term investments
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Less than one year
|
|
$
|
43,284
|
|
|
$
|
93,638
|
|
|
Due in one to five years
|
|
|
9,247
|
|
|
|
7,768
|
|
|
Due after five years
|
|
|
9,800
|
|
|
|
8,175
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
62,331
|
|
|
$
|
109,581
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Values for asset-backed securities have been assigned to maturity categories within the
contractual maturities table based upon the set maturity date of the security. Realized gains and
losses on short-term investments are included in other income (expense), net in the accompanying
Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company recorded no realized gains or losses on its
short-term investments in the three months ended March 31, 2006 or 2007.
As of March 31, 2007, the Company had no investments that have been in a continuous unrealized loss
position for a period of 12 months.
9
Note 5Stock-Based Compensation
Total stock-based compensation expense was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Cost of revenue
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
275
|
|
|
|
513
|
|
|
Product development
|
|
|
90
|
|
|
|
430
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stock-based compensation expense before taxes
|
|
$
|
366
|
|
|
$
|
944
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company recorded $231,000 and $196,000 in stock-based compensation during the three months
ended March 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively, related to stock-based awards granted during those
periods. The remaining stock-based compensation expense primarily relates to stock option awards
granted in earlier periods. In addition, for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2007, $0
and $238,000, respectively, was presented as financing activities to reflect the incremental tax
benefits from stock options exercised in those periods. At March 31, 2007, total unrecognized
estimated compensation costs related to non-vested stock options granted prior to that date was
$10,900,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years.
Note 6Income Taxes
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an
interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,
Accounting for Income Taxes
(FIN 48). FIN 48 creates a
single model to address accounting for uncertainty in income tax positions. FIN 48 prescribes a
minimum threshold that an income tax position is required to meet before being
recognized in the financial statements. The interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition
and measurement criteria in addition to classification, interest and penalties and interim period
accounting, and it significantly expands disclosure provisions for uncertain tax positions that
have been or are expected to be taken in a companys tax return. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2006 and the Company, accordingly, has adopted this statement as
of January 1, 2007. The cumulative effect of adopting FIN 48 has been recorded in retained
earnings and other accounts as applicable.
As a result of the adoption of FIN 48, the Company has recorded an increase to accumulated deficit
at January 1, 2007 of $2,360,000. Including the cumulative effect adjustment, at the beginning of
2007 the Company had $3,151,000 of total unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would
favorably affect the Companys effective income tax rate in future periods. Additionally,
management has determined, in accordance with FIN 48, that the total amount of unrecognized tax
benefits at January 1, 2007 should be classified as a current liability on the Companys balance
sheet. There have been no significant changes to these amounts during the quarter ended March 31,
2007. The Companys continuing practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income
tax matters in income tax expense. The Company had no accrued interest or penalties at January 1,
2007 and $45,000 of accrued interest and $0 accrued for penalties at March 31, 2007.
The $2,360,000 cumulative effect adjustment for the implementation of FIN 48 relates to research
tax credits. In managements judgment, these credits do not satisfy the more-likely-than-not
standard required for recognition in the financial statements due to inadequate documentation.
During 2007 the Company intends to undertake a detailed study of the research expenditures and
accumulate supporting documentation to the extent reasonably possible. Upon completion of such
study, management may conclude that it is more-likely-than-not that some portion of these research
tax credits could be sustained upon audit. At that time, the Company would recognize that portion
of the unrecognized tax benefit for these research tax credits as a reduction to tax expense as a
discrete item in the tax provision for that period.
The Company is subject to income taxation in the United States and various state jurisdictions.
The Companys tax years for 2002 and later are subject to examination by the United States and
state tax authorities.
10
|
|
|
|
|
Item 2.
|
|
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
|
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results
of our operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those
statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as our audited
consolidated financial statements and notes to those statements as of and for the year ended
December 31, 2006 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 29, 2007.
This discussion contains forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations that
involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of events may differ materially
from those contained in these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including
those discussed in the section entitled Risk Factors, and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q.
Overview
We create products and services designed to improve the consumers experience of media. Our
first product offering was a video compression-decompression software library, or codec, which has
been actively sought out and downloaded by consumers over 220 million times since January 2003,
including over 70 million times during the last twelve months. These downloads include those for
which we receive revenue as well as free downloads, such as limited-time trial versions, and
downloads provided as upgrades or support to existing end users of our products. We have since
built on the success of our codec with other consumer software products, including the DivX Player
application, which we distribute to consumers from our website, DivX.com. We also license our
technologies to consumer hardware device manufacturers and certify their products to ensure the
interoperable support of DivX-encoded content. Over 90 million DivX Certified hardware devices have
been shipped worldwide through March 31, 2007. Our customers include major consumer video hardware
original equipment manufacturers such as Philips and Samsung. We are entitled to receive a royalty
for each DivX Certified device that our customers ship. In addition to technology licensing to
consumer hardware device manufacturers, we currently generate revenue from software licensing,
advertising and content distribution.
Sources of revenues
We have four revenue streams. Three of these are derived from our technologies, including
technology licensing to manufacturers of consumer hardware devices, software licensing to
independent software vendors and consumers, and services relating to digital media distribution
over the Internet that is made possible via the deployment of our technologies. Additionally, we
derive revenues from advertising and distributing third-party products on our website.
Our technology licensing revenues are derived primarily from per-unit royalties received from
original equipment manufacturers. We license our technologies to manufacturers of integrated
circuits designed for consumer hardware products, as well as consumer hardware device manufacturers
who have licensed our technologies for incorporation in products such as DVD players, personal
media players, portable media players, digital still cameras and mobile handsets. Our licensing
arrangements typically entitle us to receive a royalty for each product unit incorporating our
technologies that is shipped by our original equipment manufacturer partners. Though significantly
smaller in magnitude than royalties from unit-based shipments, we also receive technology fees from
integrated circuit manufacturers, original design manufacturers and original equipment
manufacturers for rights to include our technologies in their products and for DivX product
certifications. Because royalties are generated by the shipment volumes of our consumer hardware
device customers, and because sales by consumer hardware device manufacturers are highly seasonal,
we expect revenues relating to consumer hardware devices to be
highly seasonal, with our second quarter revenues in any calendar year being generally lower
than any other quarter in a calendar year.
11
Our software licensing revenues are derived primarily through per-unit royalties from
independent software vendors, and to a lesser extent from direct software sales to consumers via
our website. We work with independent software vendors to help them incorporate our technologies
into their video creation, editing and playback software products. Our licensing arrangements
typically entitle us to receive a royalty for each DivX-enabled software unit shipped by our
independent software vendor partners. We offer software to consumers via our website both for a fee
and on a free or trial basis. We believe that downloads of this software benefit our business both
directly and indirectly. Our business benefits directly from increased revenues when the user
downloads a for-pay version. Our business benefits indirectly when free or trial versions are
downloaded, as we believe such downloads increase our installed base and therefore the demand for
consumer hardware devices that contain our technologies.
Advertising and product distribution revenues have generally been earned when we include
third-party software products with DivX software that is available for download to consumers from
our website. Presently, our only arrangement of this type is with Google, although we have had
arrangements with other parties in the past. With each download of included software, consumers are
offered the opportunity to install Google software. Google pays us fees for meeting certain monthly
distribution commitments related to our offering of included Google software to consumers, and
activations of the software by consumers. On December 7, 2006, we entered into an amendment to our
arrangement with Google, which provides for an increase in the monthly distribution commitments we
are required to achieve, together with an increase in the fees Google pays us for meeting those
certain monthly distribution commitments. In addition, the amendment extends the term of our
agreement with Google to the earlier of December 31, 2007 or the date that we reach the cap on the
total amounts payable by Google to us, and provides for an increase in the amount of such cap.
We earn digital media distribution revenues by providing a hosted service through our Open
Video System to content providers that allows them to download their digital media content to users
via the Internet. In such cases, digital media distribution revenues are derived as a revenue-share
percentage of total content sales prices. We also derive revenues by encoding third-party content
into the DivX format to allow such content to be delivered more efficiently via the Internet.
Revenues for digital media distribution and other services have declined slightly for each period
presented. In the third quarter of 2006, we reported our first instance of revenue related to
content distribution arrangements with consumer hardware OEMs who pay us a fee for each copy of
DivX-encoded content that is encoded on physical media and bundled with their consumer hardware
products.
A small number of customers account for a significant percentage of our revenues. In the first
quarter of 2007, one customer accounted for 22% of our revenues. For the fiscal year 2006, two
customers accounted for 20% and 10%, respectively, of our revenues.
We are a global company with a broad, geographically diverse market presence. We have offices
in six countries, and our hardware and software products are distributed in over 150 countries and
territories. We have historically generated a substantial amount of our revenues from international
sales, which have grown to represent an increasingly large percentage of our overall revenues. For
the three months ended March 31, 2007 and the fiscal year 2006, our revenues outside North America
comprised 75% and 76%, respectively, of our total revenues. A large portion of our total revenues
come from licensing our technologies to consumer hardware device manufacturers, most of whom are
located outside of North America.
12
Cost of revenues
Our cost of revenues consists primarily of license fees payable to providers of intellectual
property that is included in our technologies. Generally, royalties are due to our third-party
intellectual property providers based on when certain of our products are sold, subject to
contractually agreed-upon limits. To a much lesser extent, cost of revenues also includes
depreciation on certain computing equipment and related software, the compensation of related
employees, Internet connectivity costs, third-party payment processing fees and allocable overhead.
Although this may not be the case in the future, and although we have experienced some variability
to our cost of revenue structure in the past, in general our costs of revenues have not been highly
variable with revenue volumes. As a result, we generally expect our overall gross margins to
fluctuate with revenues. However, to the extent that digital media distribution revenues increase,
we expect that gross margins associated with such revenue will be lower than we have historically
experienced on our technology licensing or advertising revenues.
Selling, general and administrative
The majority of selling, general and administrative expenses consists of employee compensation
costs. Selling, general and administrative expense also includes bandwidth expenses, marketing
expenses, business travel costs, trade show costs, outside consulting
fees, allocable overhead and
costs associated with being a publicly traded company, including expenses associated with
comprehensively analyzing, documenting and testing our system of internal controls and maintaining
our disclosure controls and procedures as a result of the regulatory requirements of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Our headcount for selling, general, and administrative related personnel,
including employees and outside contractors increased by 69 from 104 as of March 31, 2006 to 173 as
of March 31, 2007. We intend to hire additional employees and outside contractors for our sales and
marketing staff and to increase our selling and marketing budget in the future as we attempt to
continue to raise awareness of our products and services. Internet connectivity costs for
Stage6.com, our online video community website, are currently included in marketing costs as
Stage6.com is not currently producing material revenues. As Stage6.com continues to build traffic
prior to producing material revenues, we expect that associated internet connectivity costs will
increase and will be reflected in marketing costs. We expect selling,
general and administrative expenses to grow throughout the remainder
of 2007 as the company invests in sales, marketing and administrative
aspects of growing the business. Although we expect sequential
quarterly expenses for selling, general and administrative functions
to grow from quarter to quarter on an absolute dollar basis, such
growth rates are expected to be significantly lower than experienced
from the fourth quarter of 2006 to the first quarter of 2007.
Product development
The majority of product development expenses consist of employee compensation for personnel
responsible for the development of new technologies and products. Our headcount for product
development related personnel, including employees and outside contractors increased by 19 from 94
as of March 31, 2006 to 113 as of March 31, 2007. Product development expense also includes
depreciation of computer and related equipment, software license fees and allocable overhead. We
expect to increase our product development expenses in absolute dollars as we continue to invest in
the development of our products and services, though as a percentage of revenues such expenses may
fluctuate on a quarterly basis. While we expect to continue to hire additional employees to meet
our business needs, if permanent employees are not available for hire, we intend to use outside
contractors to fulfill our labor needs when and as required to accomplish our operating goals.
13
Critical accounting policies
This discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on
our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of
these financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires us to use accounting policies and make
certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the
disclosure of contingencies as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenue and expenses during a fiscal period. We consider an accounting policy to be critical if it
is important to our financial condition and results of operations, and if it requires significant
judgment and estimates on the part of management in its application. We have discussed the
selection and development of the critical accounting policies with the audit committee of our board
of directors, and the audit committee has reviewed our related disclosures. Although we believe
that our judgments and estimates are appropriate and correct, actual results may differ from those
estimates.
Our critical accounting policies are described in the notes to the consolidated financial
statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 29, 2007.
Results of Operations
The following table presents our results of operations as a percentage of total net revenue
for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
Net revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Technology licensing
|
|
|
78
|
%
|
|
|
83
|
%
|
|
Media and other distribution and services
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
Cost of revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of technology licensing
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
Cost of media and other distribution services(1)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenues
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
|
95
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative(1)
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
53
|
|
|
Product development(1)
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
|
74
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from operations
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
Interest and other income, net
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
Income tax expense
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
23
|
%
|
|
|
18
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
Includes stock-based compensation as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
|
%
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
Product development
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stock-based compensation
|
|
|
3
|
%
|
|
|
5
|
%
|
14
Net Revenues
The following table summarizes and analyzes the revenues we earned for the three months ended
March 31, 2006 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
Net revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Technology licensing
Consumer hardware devices
|
|
$
|
9,897
|
|
|
$
|
14,757
|
|
|
$
|
4,860
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
|
% of total net revenues
|
|
|
70
|
%
|
|
|
73
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Software
|
|
|
1,171
|
|
|
|
1,945
|
|
|
|
774
|
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
% of total net revenues
|
|
|
8
|
%
|
|
|
10
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total technology licensing
|
|
|
11,068
|
|
|
|
16,702
|
|
|
|
5,634
|
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% of total net revenues
|
|
|
78
|
%
|
|
|
83
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Advertising and third-party
product distribution
|
|
|
2,774
|
|
|
|
3,395
|
|
|
|
621
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
% of total net revenues
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
|
|
17
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Digital media distribution and
related services
|
|
|
257
|
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
|
(136
|
)
|
|
|
(53
|
)
|
|
% of total net revenues
|
|
|
2
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues
|
|
$
|
14,099
|
|
|
$
|
20,218
|
|
|
$
|
6,119
|
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Technology licensingconsumer hardware:
The $4.9 million, or 49%, increase in net revenues
from technology licensing to consumer hardware device manufacturers from the first quarter of 2006
to the first quarter of 2007 resulted primarily from an increase in net royalty revenues associated
with increased shipped-unit volumes of devices that incorporate our technologies reported to us by
our licensee partners, and, to a lesser extent, to $1.8 million in technology licensing revenues
recognized during the quarter that had been deferred under minimum volume commitment
arrangements. These arrangements included certain average pricing levels based on the customer
achieving certain minimum volumes. Upon the lapse of each minimum volume commitment period, any
remaining deferred revenue was recognized. From time to time, we will recognize revenue under
similar circumstances.
Technology licensingsoftware:
The $774,000, or 66%, increase in software licensing revenues
from the first quarter of 2006 to the first quarter of 2007 resulted primarily from $1.0 million in
license revenue from Google for use of certain of our technology. Such revenue is associated with
a two-year contract that is subject to two-year automatic renewal during 2007,
though there is no assurance that such renewal will, in fact, occur. We have characterized
this revenue in the past, and continue to characterize it this quarter, as non-recurring.
Advertising and third-party product distribution:
The $621,000, or 22%, increase in
advertising and third-party product distribution revenue from the first quarter of 2006 to the
first quarter of 2007 resulted from an increase in revenues associated with our distribution of
Googles software under our software distribution and promotion agreement with Google.
Digital media distribution and related services:
The $136,000, or 53%, decrease in digital
media distribution and services revenue from the first quarter of 2006 to the first quarter of 2007
reflect decreases in sales by our Open Video System customers and in encoding revenues.
15
Gross profit
The following table shows the gross profit earned on each of our revenue streams for the three
months ended March 31, 2006 and 2007 in absolute dollars and as a percentage of related revenues
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Technology licensing
|
|
$
|
10,337
|
|
|
$
|
15,854
|
|
|
$
|
5,517
|
|
|
|
53
|
|
|
Gross margin %
|
|
|
93
|
%
|
|
|
95
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Advertising and third-party distribution
|
|
|
2,750
|
|
|
|
3,362
|
|
|
|
612
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
Gross margin %
|
|
|
99
|
%
|
|
|
99
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Digital media distribution and
related services
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
|
(107
|
)
|
|
|
(167
|
)
|
|
|
(278
|
)
|
|
Gross margin %
|
|
|
23
|
%
|
|
|
(88
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total gross profit
|
|
$
|
13,147
|
|
|
$
|
19,109
|
|
|
$
|
5,962
|
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin %
|
|
|
93
|
%
|
|
|
95
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Technology licensing:
The increase in gross margin from the first quarter of 2006 to the first
quarter of 2007 was due primarily to increased royalties from technology licensing to consumer
hardware device manufacturers without a corresponding increase in royalty expenses due to our
licensors, as such costs are, to a large extent fixed in nature.
Advertising and third-party product distribution:
Our cost of advertising and product
distribution revenue has remained relatively fixed as a percentage of such revenue because the cost
of bandwidth associated with product downloads is directly proportional to the volume of downloads.
Digital media distribution and related services:
Our digital media distribution and related
services gross margin has continued to decrease due to diminished revenues over a relatively fixed
cost base. If our online video community website, Stage6.com, and/or our content licensing
arrangements with consumer hardware OEMs are successful, our associated Internet connectivity
and content licensing costs may increase at a higher rate than the revenues we derive from
such activities, which would further reduce our gross margins.
16
Operating expenses
The following table summarizes and analyzes our operating expenses for the three months ended
March 31, 2006 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
$
|
5,929
|
|
|
$
|
10,796
|
|
|
$
|
4,867
|
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
% of total net revenues
|
|
|
42
|
%
|
|
|
53
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product development
|
|
|
3,225
|
|
|
|
4,156
|
|
|
|
931
|
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
% of total net revenues
|
|
|
23
|
%
|
|
|
21
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
$
|
9,154
|
|
|
$
|
14,952
|
|
|
$
|
5,798
|
|
|
|
63
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative:
The $4.9 million, or 82%, increase in selling, general
and administrative expenses from the first quarter of 2006 to the first quarter of 2007 was
principally due to a $3.0 million increase in costs resulting from increased average headcount,
which grew from 95 for the first quarter of 2006 to an average of 164 for the first quarter of
2007, predominantly in the sales and marketing functions. Costs associated with these headcount
increases were salaries and benefits, performance based compensation, stock-based compensation,
travel costs, recruiting fees and facilities costs. In addition, we experienced a $463,000
increase in bandwidth costs primarily associated with marketing aspects of our online video
community website, Stage6.com, a $432,000 increase in professional services, particularly legal
and accounting services associated with being a publicly traded company and compliance with the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and a $306,000 increase in marketing costs, particularly tradeshow and retail
marketing expenses.
Product development:
The $931,000, or 29%, increase in product development expense from the
first quarter of 2006 to the first quarter of 2007 was principally due to an increase average
product development headcount from 91 for the first quarter of 2006 to 112 for the first quarter of
2007. Costs associated with such increase in headcount were comprised primarily of salary and
benefits, stock-based compensation and recruiting costs.
Interest and other income, net:
We reported net interest income of $1.9 million for the first
quarter of 2007 compared to $267,000 for the first quarter of 2006. The increase is reflective of
higher average cash balances, which principally resulted from proceeds from the sale of shares of
our common stock in our initial public offering and, to a lesser extent, positive cash flow from
operations.
Income tax expense:
We recorded a provision for income taxes of $2.4 million for the first
quarter of 2007, based upon a 39.6% effective tax rate compared to $1.0 million for the first
quarter
of 2006, based on a 23.0% tax rate. The effective tax rate is based upon our estimated fiscal
2007 income before the provision for income taxes. To the extent the estimate of fiscal 2007 income
before the provision for income taxes changes, our provision for income taxes will change as well.
The effective tax rate for the entire year 2007 is expected to be 39.9%, excluding any discrete
items. The 39.6% recorded in the first quarter of 2007 includes a discrete benefit for stock
options exercised during the quarter.
17
The increase in the effective tax rate from the prior year period is due primarily to the
release of valuation allowance during fiscal 2006 as a result of our recent sustained history of
operating profitability and the determination by management that the future realization of the net
deferred tax assets was determined to be more-likely-than-not.
Liquidity and capital resources
The following table presents data regarding our liquidity and capital resources as of (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
|
|
$
|
148,641
|
|
|
$
|
156,872
|
|
|
Working capital
|
|
|
147,019
|
|
|
|
150,229
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
164,386
|
|
|
|
171,900
|
|
|
Total debt
|
|
|
502
|
|
|
|
359
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity
|
|
|
150,911
|
|
|
|
154,753
|
|
Cash Flows
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
Cash provided by operating activities
|
|
$
|
7,233
|
|
|
$
|
7,239
|
|
|
Cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(707
|
)
|
|
|
(47,183
|
)
|
|
Cash (used in) provided by financing activities
|
|
|
(50
|
)
|
|
|
925
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
6,476
|
|
|
$
|
(39,019
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash provided by operating activities:
The $7.2 million of cash provided by operating
activities for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was principally driven by net income of $3.3
million, depreciation and amortization of $280,000, stock-based compensation of $366,000 and
decreases in other working capital accounts, primarily accounts receivable.
The $7.2 million of cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31,
2007 was primarily due to net income of $3.7 million, depreciation and amortization of $546,000,
stock-based compensation of $944,000, a decrease in deferred revenue balances of $1.3 million
and change in other working capital accounts, primarily increases in income taxes payable and
accrued compensation and benefits and a decrease in accounts receivable.
Cash used in investing activities:
The $707,000 of cash used in investing activities for the
three months ended March 31, 2006 was principally for the acquisition of property and equipment to
support our growth, including $351,000 for the acquisition of Corporate Green.
The $47.2 million of cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31,
2007 was primarily for net short-term investments of $46.7 million and $750,000 for the purchase of
property and equipment to support the growth of our company. We expect to substantially increase
our capital expenditures in future periods as we continue to invest in computer and office
equipment and leasehold improvements as we expand our business.
18
Cash
(used in)provided by financing activities:
The $50,000 of cash
used in financing
activities for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was primarily due to $203,000 of payments on
our debt obligations partially offset by net proceeds of $155,000 from the sale of common
stock, largely due to the exercise of stock options.
The $925,000 of net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31,
2007 was primarily due to the net proceeds from the sale of $1.3 million of our common stock,
principally due to the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan participation,
partially offset by $467,000 of costs related to our initial public offering.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position, results of
operations or cash flows due to adverse changes in financial and commodity market prices and rates.
We are exposed to market risk primarily in the area of changes in the United States interest
rates. These exposures are directly related to our normal operating and funding activities. We do
not have any material foreign currency or other derivative financial instruments.
Interest Rate Risk. All of our fixed income investments are classified as available-for-sale
and therefore reported on the balance sheet at market value. Changes in the overall level of
interest rates affect our interest income that is generated from our investments. If a 100 basis
point decline in overall interest rates were to occur in 2007, our interest income would decline
approximately $1.6 million, on an annual basis, assuming investment levels consistent with those at
March 31, 2007.
Our long-term capital lease obligations bear interest at fixed rates and therefore we do not
have significant market risk exposure with respect to these obligations.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information
required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the
Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and
communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer,
as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and
evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and
procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of
achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in
evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
As required by Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 13a-15(b), we carried out an evaluation,
under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive
officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the
foregoing, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure
controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent
fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our
internal control over financial reporting.
19
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Before you decide to invest or maintain an interest in our common stock, you should consider
carefully the risks described below, together with the other information contained in this
Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
. We believe the risks described below are the risks that are material
to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
. If any of the following risks comes to
fruition, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future growth prospects
would likely be materially and adversely affected. In these circumstances, the market price of our
common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
The risk factors set forth below with an asterisk (*) next to the title are new risk factors or
risk factors containing changes, including any material changes, from the risk factors previously
disclosed in our annual report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Risks related to our business
Our business and prospects depend on the strength of our brand, and if we do not maintain and
strengthen our brand, we may be unable to maintain or expand our business.
Maintaining and strengthening the DivX brand is critical to maintaining and expanding our
business, as well as to our ability to enter into new markets for our technologies and products. If
we fail to promote and maintain the DivX brand successfully, our ability to sustain and expand our
business and enter into new markets will suffer. Maintaining and strengthening our brand will
depend heavily on our ability to continue to develop and provide innovative and high-quality
technologies and products for consumers, content owners, consumer hardware device manufacturers and
software vendors, as well as to develop and grow our online video community website, Stage6.com.
Moreover, because we engage in relatively little direct brand advertising, the promotion of our
brand depends, among other things, upon hardware device manufacturing partners displaying our
trademarks on their products. If these partners choose for any reason not to display our trademarks
on their products, or if our partners use our trademarks incorrectly or in an unauthorized manner,
the strength of our brand may be diluted or our ability to maintain or increase our brand awareness
may be harmed. In addition, if we fail to maintain high-quality standards for products that
incorporate our technologies through the quality-control certification process that we require of
our licensees, or if we take other steps to commercialize our products and services that our
customers or potential customers reject, the strength of our brand could be adversely affected.
Further, unauthorized third parties may use our brand in ways that may dilute or undermine its
strength.
If we are unable to penetrate existing markets or adapt or develop technologies and products for
new markets, our business prospects could be limited.
We expect that our future success will depend, in part, upon our ability to successfully
penetrate existing markets for digital media technologies, including:
|
|
|
|
DVD players;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DVD recorders;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
network connected DVD players;
|
20
|
|
|
|
high definition DVD players;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
portable media players;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
digital still cameras;
|
|
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digital camcorders;
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mobile handsets;
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digital media software applications;
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smart TVs;
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home media centers;
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set-top boxes; and
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video game consoles.
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To date, we have penetrated only some of these markets, including the markets for DVD players,
network connected DVD players, portable media players, digital still cameras and mobile handsets.
Our success depends upon our ability to further penetrate these markets, some of which we have only
penetrated to a limited extent, and to successfully penetrate those markets in which we currently
have no presence. Demand for our technologies in any of these developing markets may not grow or
develop, and a sufficiently broad base of consumers and professionals may not adopt or continue to
use our technologies. In addition, our ability to generate revenue from these markets may be
limited to the extent that service providers in these markets choose to provide competitive
technologies and entertainment at little or no cost. Because of our limited experience in certain
of these markets, we may not be able to adequately adapt our business and our technologies to the
needs of consumers and licensees in these markets.
We face significant competition in various markets, and if we are unable to compete successfully,
our ability to generate revenues from our business will suffer.
We face significant competition in the digital media markets in which we operate. We believe
that our most significant competitive threat comes from companies that have the collective
financial, technical and other resources to develop the technologies, services, products and
partnerships necessary to create a digital media ecosystem that can compete with the DivX
ecosystem. Those potential competitors currently include Adobe Systems, Apple Computer, Google,
Microsoft, News Corporation, Sony and Yahoo!.
We also compete with companies that offer products or services that compete with specific
aspects of our digital media ecosystem. For example, our digital rights management technology
competes with technologies from companies such as Apple Computer, ContentGuard, Intertrust
Technologies, Microsoft, Nagra Audio, NDS Group and 4C Entity, as well as the internal development
efforts of certain of our licensees. Similarly, content distribution providers, such as Amazon.com,
Apple Computer, CinemaNow, Google, MovieLink, Netflix and subscription entertainment services and
cable and satellite providers compete against our content distribution services. In addition,
Google, Microsoft, Yahoo!, MySpace.com, a subsidiary of News Corporation, and YouTube, a subsidiary
of Google, offer online communities that compete with Stage6.com.
Our proprietary technologies also compete with other video compression technologies, including
other implementations of MPEG-4 or implementations of H.264/AVC. A number of companies such as
Google, Microsoft, On2 Technologies and RealNetworks offer other competing video formats.
21
We also face competition from subscription entertainment services, cable and satellite
providers, DVDs and other emerging technologies and products related to content distribution.
Stage6.com faces significant competition from services, such as peer-to-peer and content aggregator
services that allow consumers to directly access an expansive array of content without securing
licenses from content providers.
Some of our current or future competitors may have significantly greater financial, technical,
marketing and other resources than we do, may enjoy greater name recognition than we do, or may
have more experience or advantages than we have in the markets in which they compete. For example,
companies such as Apple Computer, Amazon.com, Google, Microsoft, Sony and Yahoo! may have
competitive advantages over us because of their greater size and resources and the strength of
their respective brand names. In addition, some of our current or potential competitors, such as
Apple Computer, Dolby Laboratories, Microsoft and Sony, may be able to offer integrated system
solutions in certain markets for entertainment technologies, including audio, video and rights
management technologies related to personal computers or the Internet, which could make competing
products and technologies that we develop unnecessary. By offering an integrated system solution,
these potential competitors also may be able to offer competing products and technologies at lower
prices than our products and technologies. Further, many of the consumer hardware and software
products that include our technologies also include technologies developed by our competitors. As a
result, we must continue to invest significant resources in product development in order to enhance
our technologies and our existing products and introduce new high-quality technologies and products
to meet the wide variety of such competitive pressures. Our ability to generate revenues from our
business will suffer if we fail to do so successfully.
*We are dependent on the sale by our licensees of consumer hardware and software products that
incorporate our technologies. Our top 10 licensees by revenue accounted for approximately 57% and
50% of our total net revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2007 and in the full year
2006, respectively, and a reduction in revenues from those licensees or a loss of one or more of
our key licensees would adversely affect our licensing revenue.
We derive most of our revenue from the licensing of our technologies to consumer hardware
device manufacturers, software vendors and consumers. We derived 83%, 80% and 82% of our total net
revenues from licensing our technology in the three months ended March 31, 2007 and in the full
years 2006 and 2005, respectively. One or a small number of our licensees generally represents a
significant percentage of our technology licensing revenues. For example, in the three months ended
March 31, 2007 and in the full year 2006, LG Electronics accounted for less than 10% and
approximately 10%, respectively, of our total net revenues, and our top 10 licensees by revenue
accounted for approximately 57% and 50%, respectively, of our total net revenues. Our technology
licensing revenues are particularly dependent upon our relationships with consumer hardware device
manufacturers such as Philips and Samsung, and software developers such as Sonic Solutions. We
cannot control these manufacturers and software developers product development or
commercialization efforts or predict their success. Our license agreements typically require
manufacturers of consumer hardware devices and software vendors to pay us a specified royalty for
every shipped consumer hardware or software product that incorporates our technologies, but many of
these agreements do not require these manufacturers to guarantee us a minimum royalty in any given
period. Accordingly, if our licensees sell fewer products incorporating our technologies, or
otherwise face significant economic difficulties, our licensing revenues will be adversely
affected. Our license agreements are generally for two years or less in duration, and a significant
number of these agreements are scheduled to expire in 2007. Specifically, our agreement with
Philips, under which Philips is obligated to pay us a minimum of $11 million over the two year term
of the agreement, expires on June 30, 2007. Philips is under no obligation to renew this agreement.
Upon expiration of their license agreements, manufacturers and
software developers may not renew their agreements or may elect not to enter into new
agreements with us on terms as favorable as our current agreements.
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*Revenues under our software distribution and promotion agreement with Google represented
approximately 17% and 18% of our total net revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2007, and
in the full year 2006, respectively. A termination of our software distribution and promotion
agreement with Google or our failure to renew or replace this agreement would significantly
decrease our revenues.
We rely on our relationship with Google for a significant portion of our revenue and we cannot
guarantee that the revenue from Google will remain available to us. Revenues under the Google
software distribution and promotion agreement represented approximately 17% and 18% of our total
net revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2007 and in the full year 2006, respectively. We
agreed with Google to include and distribute the Mozilla Firefox Browser and certain related Google
software products with our software products. Google pays us fees based on the number of downloads
or activations of the included software by consumers. Any decline in the popularity of either our
products or Googles products among consumers or market saturation by these products could result
in a decrease in revenue under this agreement. If we fail to achieve certain minimum distribution
commitments for specific periods described in the agreement, the revenue we derive for such periods
will be reduced, and Google may terminate the agreement. Our ability to continue to generate
revenues under the agreement is further limited by a cap on the total amounts payable by Google
under the agreement, after which Google is relieved of its obligations to pay us. If our revenues
under the agreement exceed this cap our revenues in subsequent periods may decrease. This agreement
expires upon the earlier of December 31, 2007 or the date upon which we reach the cap on the total
amounts payable by Google to us under the agreement, and Google is under no obligation to renew
this agreement. If, upon the expiration of our agreement with Google, we fail to enter into a new
agreement with Google or a similar partner on substantially the same or more favorable terms, our
revenues would significantly decrease.
The success of our business depends on the interoperability of our technologies with consumer
hardware devices.
To be successful we must design our digital media platform to interoperate effectively with a
variety of consumer hardware devices, including personal computers, DVD players, DVD recorders,
digital cameras, portable media players and mobile handsets. We depend on significant cooperation
with manufacturers of these devices and the components integrated into these devices, as well as
software providers that create the operating systems for such devices, to incorporate our
technologies into their product offerings and ensure consistent playback of DivX-encoded files.
Currently, a limited number of devices are designed to support our technologies. If we are
unsuccessful in causing component manufacturers, device manufacturers and software providers to
integrate our technologies into their product offerings, our technologies may become less
accessible to consumers, which would adversely affect our revenue potential.
If we fail to develop and deliver innovative technologies and products in response to changes in
our industry, including changes in consumer tastes or trends, our revenues could decline.
The markets for our technologies and products are characterized by rapid change and
technological evolution. We will need to expend considerable resources on product development in
the future to continue to design and deliver enduring and innovative technologies and products. For
example, significant portions of Stage6.com remain under development and we are continuing to
upgrade the technologies we license for use in consumer hardware and software products. Despite our
efforts, we may not be able to develop and effectively market new technologies and products
23
that adequately or competitively address the needs of the changing marketplace. In addition,
we may not correctly identify new or changing market trends at an early enough stage to capitalize
on market opportunities. At times such changes can be dramatic. Our future success depends to a
great extent on our ability to develop and deliver innovative technologies that are widely adopted
in response to changes in our industry and that are compatible with the technologies or products
introduced by other participants in our industry. If we fail to deliver innovative technologies, we
may be unable to meet changes in consumer tastes or trends, which could decrease our revenues.
Our licensing revenue depends in large part upon integrated circuit manufacturers incorporating our
technologies into their products for sale to our consumer hardware device manufacturer licensees
and if our technologies are not incorporated in these integrated circuits or fewer integrated
circuits are sold that incorporate our technologies, our revenues will be adversely affected.
Our licensing revenue from consumer hardware device manufacturers depends in large part upon
the availability of integrated circuits that incorporate our technologies. Integrated circuit
manufacturers incorporate our technologies into their products, which are then incorporated into
consumer hardware devices. We do not manufacture integrated circuits, but rather depend on
integrated circuit manufacturers to develop, produce and sell these products to licensed consumer
hardware device manufacturers. We do not control the integrated circuit manufacturers decision
whether or not to incorporate our technologies into their products, and we do not control their
product development or commercialization efforts. If we fail to develop new technologies that
adequately or competitively address the needs of the changing marketplace, integrated circuit
manufacturers may not be willing to implement our technologies into their products. The process
utilized by integrated circuit manufacturers to design, develop, produce and sell their products is
generally 12 to 18 months in duration. As a result, if an integrated circuit manufacturer is
unwilling or unable to implement our technologies into an integrated circuit that it is producing,
we may experience significant delays in generating revenue while we wait for that manufacturer to
begin development of a new integrated circuit that may incorporate our technologies. In addition,
while the design cycles utilized by integrated circuit manufacturers are typically long, the life
cycles of our technologies tend to be short as a result of the rapidly changing technology
environment in which we operate. If integrated circuit manufacturers are unable or unwilling to
implement technologies we develop into their products, or if they sell fewer products incorporating
our technologies, our revenues will be adversely affected.
Our business is dependent in part on technologies we license from third parties, and these license
rights may be inadequate for our business.
Certain of our technologies and products are dependent in part on the licensing and
incorporation of technologies from third parties. For example, we have entered into a license
agreement with MPEG LA pursuant to which we have acquired rights to use in our technologies and
products certain MPEG-4 intellectual property licensed to MPEG LA. Our licensing agreement with
MPEG LA grants us a sublicense only to the rights in MPEG-4 intellectual property licensed to MPEG
LA. There are other parties who have competing rights to MPEG-4 intellectual property, and to the
extent that the rights of such other parties conflict with or are superior to the rights licensed
to MPEG LA, our rights to utilize MPEG-4 technology in our technologies and products could be
challenged. If the technology we license fails to perform as expected, if key licensors do not
continue to support their technology or intellectual property because the licensor has gone out of
business or otherwise or if it is determined that any of our licensors are not entitled to license
to us any of the technologies or intellectual property that are subject to our current license
agreements, then we may incur substantial costs in replacing the licensed technologies or
intellectual property or fall behind in our development schedule while we search for a replacement.
In addition,
replacement technology may not be available for license on commercially reasonable terms, or
at all.
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In addition, our agreements with licensors generally require us to give them the right to
audit our calculations of royalties payable to them. If a licensor challenges the basis of our
calculations, the amount of royalties we have to pay them could increase. Any royalties paid as a
result of a successful challenge would increase our expenses and could impair our ability to
continue to use and re-license technologies or intellectual property from that licensor.
We rely on our licensees to accurately prepare royalty reports for our determination of licensing
revenues, and if these reports are inaccurate, our revenues may be under- or over-stated and our
forecasts and budgets may be incorrect.
Our licensing revenues are generated primarily from consumer hardware device manufacturers and
software vendors who license our technologies and incorporate them into their products. Under these
arrangements, these licensees typically pay us a specified royalty for every consumer hardware or
software product they ship that incorporates our technologies. We rely on our licensees to
accurately report the number of units shipped. We calculate our license fees, prepare our financial
reports, projections and budgets, and direct our sales and technology development efforts based in
part on these reports. However, it is often difficult for us to independently determine whether or
not our licensees are reporting shipments accurately. This is especially true with respect to
software incorporating our technologies because software can be copied relatively easily and we
often do not have ways to readily determine how many copies have been made. Licensees in specific
countries, including China, have a history of underreporting or failing to report shipments of
their products that incorporate our technologies. Most of our license agreements permit us to audit
our licensees records, but audits are generally expensive and time consuming. We have initiated,
and intend to initiate, audits with certain of our licensees to determine whether their shipment
reports for past periods were accurate. Such audits could harm our relationships with our licensees
or may result in the cancellation or termination of our agreements with such licensees. In
addition, the license agreements that we have entered into with most of our licensees impose
restrictions on our audit rights, such as limitations on the number of audits we may conduct. To
the extent that our licensees understate or fail to report the number of products incorporating our
technologies that they ship, we will not collect and recognize revenue to which we are entitled.
Alternatively, we have experienced limited instances in which a customer has notified us that it
previously reported and paid royalties on units in excess of what the customer actually shipped. In
such cases, the customer requested, and we granted, a credit for the excess royalties paid. If a
similar event occurs in the future, we may be required to record the credit as a reduction in
revenue in the period in which it is granted, and such a reduction could be material.
Any development delays or cost overruns may affect our ability to respond to technological changes,
competitive developments or customer requirements and expose us to other adverse consequences.
We have experienced development delays and cost overruns in our development efforts in the
past and we may encounter such problems in the future. Delays and cost overruns could affect our
ability to respond to technological changes, competitive developments or customer requirements.
Also, our technologies and products may contain undetected errors that could cause increased
development costs, loss of revenue, adverse publicity, reduced market acceptance of our
technologies and products or lawsuits by participants in the consumer hardware or software
industries or consumers.
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*We conduct a substantial portion of our business outside North America and, as a result, we face
diverse risks related to engaging in international business.
We have offices in five foreign countries as well as sales staff in six other foreign
countries, and we are dedicating a significant portion of our sales efforts in countries outside
North America. We are dependent on international sales for a substantial amount of our total
revenues. For the three months ended March 31, 2007 and for the full years 2006 and 2005, our sales
outside North America comprised 75%, 76% and 78%, respectively, of our total revenues. We expect
that international sales will continue to represent a substantial portion of our revenues for the
foreseeable future. These future international revenues will depend to a large extent on the
continued use and expansion of our technologies in entertainment industries worldwide. Increased
worldwide use of our technologies is also an important factor in our future growth.
We are subject to the risks of conducting business internationally, including:
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our ability to enforce our contractual and intellectual property rights, especially in
those foreign countries that do not respect and protect intellectual property rights to
the same extent that the United States does, which increases the risk of unauthorized and
uncompensated use of our technology;
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United States and foreign government trade restrictions, including those that may
impose restrictions on importation of programming, technology or components to or from the
United States;
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foreign government taxes, regulations and permit requirements, including foreign taxes
that we may not be able to offset against taxes imposed upon us in the United States, and
foreign tax and other laws limiting our ability to repatriate funds to the United States;
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foreign labor laws, regulations and restrictions;
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changes in diplomatic and trade relationships;
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difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations;
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fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, including risks
related to any interest rate swap or other hedging activities we undertake;
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political instability, natural disasters, war and/or events of terrorism; and
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the strength of international economies.
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We face risks with respect to conducting business in China due to Chinas historically limited
recognition and enforcement of intellectual property and contractual rights.
We currently have direct license relationships with over 50 consumer hardware device
manufacturers located in China. In addition, a number of the original equipment manufacturers that
license our technologies utilize captive or third-party manufacturing facilities located in China.
We expect this to continue in the future as consumer hardware device manufacturing in China
continues to increase due to its lower manufacturing cost structure as compared to other
industrialized countries. As a result, we face many risks in China, in large part due to Chinas
historically limited recognition and enforcement of contractual and intellectual property rights.
In particular, we have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, problems with China-based
consumer hardware device manufacturers underreporting or failing to report shipments of their
products that incorporate our technologies, or incorporating our technologies or trademarks into
their products without our authorization or without paying us licensing fees. We may also
experience difficulty enforcing our intellectual property rights in China, where intellectual
property rights are not as respected as they
26
are in the United States, Japan and Europe. Unauthorized use of our technologies and
intellectual property rights may dilute or undermine the strength of our brand. Further, if we are
not able to adequately monitor the use of our technologies by China-based consumer hardware device
manufacturers, or enforce our intellectual property rights in China, our revenue potential could be
adversely affected.
Pricing pressures on the consumer hardware device manufacturers and software vendors who
incorporate our technologies into their products could limit the licensing fees we charge for our
technologies and adversely affect our revenues.
The markets for the consumer hardware and software products in which our technologies are
incorporated are intensely competitive and price sensitive. For example, retail prices for consumer
hardware devices that include our digital media platform, such as DVD players, have decreased
significantly in recent years, and we expect prices to continue to decrease for the foreseeable
future. In response, consumer hardware device manufacturers and software vendors have sought to
reduce their product costs, which can result in downward pressure on the licensing fees we charge
our licensees who incorporate our technologies into the consumer hardware and software products
that they sell. In addition, we have experienced erosion in the average royalty we can charge for
specific versions of our technologies to our original equipment manufacturer partners since the
release of these technologies. To maintain higher overall per unit royalties, we must continue to
introduce new, more highly functional versions of our products for which we can charge a higher
royalty. Any inability to introduce such products in the future or other declines in the royalties
we charge would adversely affect our revenues.
*We do not expect sales of DVD players to continue to grow as quickly as they have in the past. To
the extent that sales of DVD players level off or decline, or alternative technologies in which we
do not participate replace DVDs as a dominant medium for consumer video entertainment, our
licensing revenue will be adversely affected.
Growth in our revenue over the past several years has been the result, in large part, of the
rapid growth in sales of DVD players incorporating our technologies. For the three months ended
March 31, 2007, and in the full years 2006 and 2005, we derived approximately 73%, 72% and 71%,
respectively, of our total revenues from technology licensing to consumer hardware device
manufacturers, a majority of which are derived from sales of DVD players incorporating our
technologies. However, as the markets for DVD players mature, we do not expect sales of DVD players
to continue to grow as quickly as they have in the past. To the extent that sales of DVD players
level off or decline, our licensing revenue will be adversely affected. In addition, if new
technologies are developed for use with DVDs or new technologies are developed that substantially
compete with or replace DVDs as a dominant medium for consumer video entertainment such as high
definition DVD or Blu-ray Disc, and if we are unable to develop and successfully market
technologies that are incorporated into or compatible with such new technologies, our ability to
generate revenues will be adversely affected.
Digital video technologies could be treated as a commodity in the future, which could expose us to
significant pricing pressure.
We believe that the success we have had licensing our digital video technologies to consumer
hardware device manufacturers and software vendors is due, in part, to the strength of our brand
and the perception that our technologies provide a high-quality video solution. However, as
applications that incorporate digital video technologies become increasingly prevalent, we expect
more competitors to enter this field with other solutions. Furthermore, to the extent that
competitors solutions are perceived, accurately or not, to provide the same or greater advantages
as our
27
technologies, at a lower or comparable price, there is a risk that video encoding and decoding
technologies such as ours will be treated as commodities, exposing us to significant pricing
pressure.
Current and future government standards or standards-setting organizations may limit our business
opportunities.
Various national governments have adopted or are in the process of adopting standards for
digital television broadcasts, including cable and satellite broadcasts. In the event national
governments adopt similar standards for video codecs used in consumer hardware devices, software
products or Internet applications, our technology may be excluded from such standards. We have not
made any efforts to have our technologies adopted as standards by any national governments, nor do
we currently expect that our technologies will be adopted as standards by any national government
in the future. If national governments adopt standards that exclude our technologies, we will be
required to redesign our technologies to comply with such government standards to allow our
products to be utilized in those countries. Costs or potential delays in the development of our
technologies and products to comply with such government standards could significantly increase our
expenses. In addition, standards-setting organizations are adopting or establishing formal
technology standards for use in a wide range of consumer hardware devices, software products and
Internet applications. We currently do not participate in standards-setting organizations, nor do
we seek or expect to have our technologies adopted as industry standards. As such, participants in
the consumer hardware or software industries or consumers may elect not to purchase our
technologies because they have not been adopted by standards-setting organizations or if a
competing technology is adopted as an industry standard.
Our business may depend in part upon our ability to provide effective digital rights management
technology.
Our business may depend in part upon our ability to provide effective digital rights
management technology that controls access to digital content that addresses, among other things,
content providers concerns over piracy. We cannot be certain that we can continue to develop,
license or acquire such technology, or that content licensors, consumer hardware device
manufacturers or consumers will accept such technology. In addition, consumers may be unwilling to
accept the use of digital rights management technology that limits their use of content, especially
with large amounts of free content readily available. We may need to license digital rights
management technology from third parties to support our technologies and products. Such technology
may not be available to us on reasonable terms, or at all. If digital rights management technology
is not effective, is perceived as not effective or is compromised by third parties, or if laws are
enacted that require digital rights management technology to allow consumers to convert content
stored in a protected format into an unprotected format, content providers may not be willing to
encode their content using our products and consumer hardware device manufacturers may not be
willing to include our technologies in their products.
We have offered and we expect to continue to offer some of our products and technologies for
reduced prices or free of charge, and we may not realize the benefits of this marketing strategy.
We have offered and expect to continue to offer some of our products and technologies to
consumers for reduced prices or free of charge as part of our overall strategy of developing a
digital media ecosystem and promoting additional penetration of our products and technologies into
the markets in which we compete. If we offer such products and technologies at reduced prices or
free of charge, we will forego all or a portion of the revenue from licensing these products, and
we may not realize the intended benefits of this marketing strategy.
28
Stage6.com, our online video community website, is new and rapidly evolving and may not prove to be
a viable business model.
Online video distribution is a relatively new business model for delivering digital media over
the Internet and we have only very recently launched our efforts to develop a business centered
around online content delivery. It is too early to predict whether consumers will accept, in
significant numbers, online video distribution and participate in our online video community. Our
online video community website, Stage6.com, may fail to attract significant numbers of users and we
may fail to develop a viable business model for our online video community.
We expect that the costs of our online video community website as a percentage of related
revenues will be higher than the ratio of costs to our technology licensing revenues. The cost of
third party content, in particular, is a substantial percentage of the revenues we expect to
receive from users in our online video community website and is unlikely to decrease significantly
over time as a percentage of revenues. To the extent revenue from our online video community
website grows as a percentage of our overall revenues, our margins may decrease. In addition,
distributing video to users of our online video community website will involve substantial cost,
and we expect a significant portion of the content on our online video community website to be
available for free. If we are unable to successfully monetize the use of our online video community
website, either through advertising or fees for use, our operating results could be adversely
affected.
The success of Stage6.com will depend on our ability to license compelling content on commercially
reasonable terms or enter into successful partnering relationships with content providers.
The success of Stage6.com will depend on our obtaining compelling digital media content to
attract users. In some cases, we expect to pay substantial fees to obtain premium content even
though we have limited experience determining what video content will be successful with consumers.
Alternatively, we may be unable to obtain premium content on commercially reasonable terms, or at
all.
We may be unable to attract advertisers to Stage6.com.
We expect that advertising revenue will comprise a significant portion of the revenue to be
generated by Stage6.com. Most large advertisers have fixed advertising budgets, only a small
portion of which is allocated to Internet advertising. In addition, the overall market for
advertising, including Internet advertising, has been generally characterized in recent quarters by
softness of demand and the reduction of marketing and advertising budgets or the delay in spending
of budgeted resources. We expect that advertisers will continue to focus most of their efforts on
traditional media or may decrease their advertising spending. If we fail to convince advertisers to
spend a portion of their advertising budgets with us, we will be unable to generate revenues from
advertising as we intend.
Even if we initially attract advertisers to Stage6.com, they may decide not to advertise to
our community if their investment does not generate sales leads, and ultimately customers, or if we
do not deliver their advertisements in an appropriate and effective manner. If we are unable to
provide value to our advertisers, advertisers may not place ads with us.
We will need to increase the size of our organization, and we may experience difficulties in
managing growth.
As of March 31, 2007 we had 279 full-time employees, including full-time equivalents. We will
need to continue to expand our managerial, operational, financial and other resources to manage our
business, including our relationships with key customers and licensees. Our current
29
facilities and systems will not be adequate to support this future growth. We will require
additional office space to accommodate our growth. Additional office space may not be available on
commercially reasonable terms and may result in a disruption of our corporate culture. Our need to
effectively manage our operations, growth and various projects requires that we continue to improve
our operational, financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures and to attract
and retain sufficient numbers of talented employees. We may be unable to successfully implement
these tasks on a larger scale, which could prevent us from executing our business strategy.
Our business, in particular Stage6.com and our content distribution offerings, will suffer if our
systems or networks fail, become unavailable or perform poorly so that current or potential users
do not have adequate access to our online products and websites.
Our ability to provide our online offerings will depend on the continued operation of our
information systems and networks. As our user traffic increases and our products become more
complex, we will need more computing power. We expect to spend substantial amounts to purchase or
lease data centers and equipment and to upgrade our technology and network infrastructure to handle
increased traffic on our website and to introduce new technologies and products. This expansion
will be expensive and complex and could result in inefficiencies or operational failures. If we do
not implement this expansion successfully, or if we experience inefficiencies and operational
failures during the implementation, the quality of our technologies and products and our users
experience could decline. This could damage our reputation and lead us to lose current and
potential users, advertisers and content providers.
In addition, significant or repeated reductions in the performance, reliability or
availability of our information systems and network infrastructure could harm our ability to
provide Stage6.com, content distribution offerings and advertising. We could experience failures in
our systems and networks from our failure to adequately maintain and enhance these systems and
networks, natural disasters and similar events, power failures, intentional actions to disrupt our
systems and networks and many other causes. The vulnerability of our computer and communications
infrastructure is increased because it is located at facilities in San Diego, California, an area
that is at heightened risk of earthquake and flood. We are vulnerable to terrorist attacks, fires,
power loss, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, computer denial of service attacks or
other attempts to harm our systems. Moreover, our facilities are located near the landing path of a
military base and are subject to risks related to falling debris and aircraft crashes. We do not
currently have fully redundant systems or a formal disaster recovery plan, and we may not have
adequate business interruption insurance to compensate us for losses that may occur from a system
outage.
Any failure or interruption of the services provided by bandwidth providers, data centers or other
key third parties could subject our business to disruption and additional costs and damage our
reputation.
We rely on third-party vendors, including data center and bandwidth providers for network
access or co-location services that are essential to our business. Any interruption in these
services, including any failure to handle current or higher volumes of use, could subject our
business to disruption and additional costs and significantly harm our reputation. Our systems are
also heavily reliant on the availability of electricity, which also comes from third-party
providers. The cost of electricity has risen in recent years with the rising costs of fuel. If the
cost of electricity continues to increase, such increased costs could significantly increase our
expenses. In addition, if we were to experience a major power outage, it could result in a
significant disruption of our business.
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Our network is subject to security risks that could harm our reputation and expose us to litigation
or liability.
Online commerce and communications depend on the ability to transmit confidential or
proprietary information securely over private and public networks. Any compromise of our ability to
transmit and store such information and data securely, and any costs associated with preventing or
eliminating such problems, could impair our ability to distribute technologies and products or
collect revenue, threaten the proprietary or confidential nature of our technology, harm our
reputation and expose us to litigation or liability. We also may be required to expend significant
capital or other resources to protect against the threat of security breaches or hacker attacks or
to alleviate problems caused by such breaches or attacks. Any successful attack or breach of our
security could hurt consumer demand for our technologies and products and expose us to consumer
class action lawsuits and other liabilities. In addition, our vulnerability to security risks may
affect our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting as contemplated
by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
It is not yet clear how laws designed to protect children that use the Internet may be interpreted
and enforced, and whether new similar laws will be enacted in the future which may apply to our
business in ways that may subject us to potential liability.
The Child Online Protection Act and the Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act impose civil
and criminal penalties on persons distributing material harmful to minors (e.g., obscene material)
over the Internet to persons under the age of 17, or collecting personal information from children
under the age of 13. We do not knowingly distribute harmful materials to minors, direct our
websites, including Stage6.com, to children under the age of 13, or collect personal information
from children under the age of 13. However, we are not able to control the ways in which consumers
use our technology, and our technology may be used for purposes that violate these laws. The manner
in which these Acts may be interpreted and enforced cannot be fully determined, and future
legislation similar to these Acts could subject us to potential liability if we were deemed to be
non-compliant with such rules and regulations.
We may be subject to market risk and legal liability in connection with the data collection
capabilities of Stage6.com.
Many components of Stage6.com are interactive Internet applications that by their very nature
require communication between a client and server to operate. To provide better consumer
experiences and to operate effectively, we collect certain information from users. Our collection
and use of such information may be subject to United States state and federal privacy and data
collection laws and regulations, as well as foreign laws such as the EU Data Protection Directive.
We post an extensive privacy policy concerning the collection, use and disclosure of user data,
including that involved in interactions between our client and server products. Because of the
evolving nature of our business and applicable law, our privacy policy may now or in the future
fail to comply with applicable law. Any failure by us to comply with our posted privacy policy, any
failure by us to conform our privacy policy to changing aspects of our business or applicable law,
or any existing or new legislation regarding privacy issues could impact the market for our online
video community website, technologies and products and subject us to fines, litigation or other
liability.
Improper conduct by users of our websites could subject us to claims and compliance costs.
The terms of use of our websites prohibit a broad range of unlawful or undesirable conduct.
However, we are unable to block access in all instances to users who are determined to gain access
to our websites for improper motives. Claims may be threatened or brought against us using various
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legal theories based on the nature and content of information that may be posted online or
generated by our users or the use of our technology to copy or distribute third-party content.
Investigating and defending any of these types of claims could be expensive, even if the claims do
not ultimately result in liability. In addition, we may incur substantial costs to enforce our
terms of use and to exclude certain users of our websites who violate such terms of use or who
otherwise engage in unlawful or undesirable conduct.
We may be subject to legal liability for the provision of third-party products, services, content
or advertising.
We have entered into, and expect to continue to enter into, arrangements for third-party
products, services, content or advertising to be offered in connection with Stage6.com and our
content distribution offerings. Certain of these arrangements involve the distribution of digital
content owned by third parties, which may subject us to third party claims related to such
products, services, content or advertising, including defamation, violation of privacy laws,
misappropriation of publicity rights, violation of United States federal CAN-SPAM legislation, and
infringement of intellectual property rights. We require users of Stage6.com to agree to terms of
use that prohibit, among other things, the posting of content that violates third party
intellectual property rights, or that is obscene, hateful or defamatory. We have implemented, or
plan to implement, procedures to enforce such terms of use, including taking down content that
violates our terms of use that we have received notification of, or that we are aware of, and/or
blocking access by, or terminating the accounts of, users determined to be repeat violators of our
terms of use. Despite these measures, we cannot guarantee that such unauthorized content will not
exist on our website, that these procedures will reduce our liability with respect to such
unauthorized third party conduct or content, or that we will be able to resolve any disputes that
may arise with content providers or users regarding such conduct or content, Our agreements with
these parties may not adequately protect us from these potential liabilities. Investigating and
defending any of these types of claims is expensive, even if the claims do not result in liability.
If any of these claims results in liability, we could be required to pay damages or other
penalties.
We may be subject to assessment of sales taxes and other taxes for our licensing of technology or
sale of products.
We do not currently directly collect sales taxes or other taxes on the licensing of our
technology, the sale of our products over the Internet, or our distribution of content. Although we
have evaluated the tax requirements of certain major tax jurisdictions with respect to the
licensing of our technology or the sale of our products over the Internet, in the past we have
licensed or sold, and in the future we may license or sell, our technologies or products to
consumers located in jurisdictions where we have not evaluated the tax consequences of such license
or sale. We would incur substantial costs if one or more taxing jurisdictions required us to
collect sales or other taxes from past licenses of technology or sales or distributions of our
products or content over the Internet, particularly because we would be unable to go back to
customers to collect sales, value added or other taxes for past licenses, sales or distributions
and would likely have to pay such taxes out of our own funds. Certain of our licensing agreements
require our partners to pay taxes to applicable taxing jurisdictions as a result of the sale of
products that incorporate our technologies. If our licensees fail to pay such taxes, we may become
liable for the payment of such taxes.
We also intend to sell content over the Internet to consumers throughout the world in
conjunction with Stage6.com. We intend to comply with applicable tax requirements of certain major
tax jurisdictions with respect to such sales. However, we may sell content to consumers located in
jurisdictions where we have not evaluated the tax consequences of such sale. If we fail to
comply with tax requirements of tax jurisdictions in which we sell content online, we may
become liable for substantial costs or penalties.
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Inflation and other unfavorable economic conditions may adversely affect our revenues, margins and
profitability.
Our consumer software products, as well as the consumer hardware device and software products
that contain our technologies, are discretionary purchases for consumers. Consumers are generally
more willing to make discretionary purchases during favorable economic conditions. As a result of
inflation or other unfavorable economic conditions, including higher interest rates, increased
taxation, higher consumer debt levels and lower availability of consumer credit, consumers
purchases of discretionary items may decline, which could adversely affect our revenues. In
addition, while inflation historically has not had a material effect on our operating results, we
may experience inflationary conditions in our cost base due to changes in foreign currency exchange
rates that reduce the purchasing power of the United States dollar, increases in selling, general
and administrative expenses and other factors. These inflationary conditions may harm our margins
and profitability if we are unable to increase our license, advertising and content distribution
fees or reduce our costs sufficiently to offset the effects of inflation in our cost base. Our
attempts to offset the effects of inflation and cost increases through controlling our expenses,
passing cost increases on to our licensees, advertisers and partners or any other method may not
succeed.
Failure to comply with applicable current and future government regulations could limit our ability
to license our technologies, sell our products or distribute content, and expose us to additional
costs and liabilities.
Our operations and business practices are subject to federal, state and local government laws
and regulations, as well as international laws and regulations, including those relating to import
or export of technology and software, distribution or censorship of content, use of encryption or
other digital rights management software and consumer and other safety-related compliance for
electronic equipment. Any failure by us to comply with the laws and regulations applicable to us or
our technologies, products or our distribution of content could result in our inability to license
those technologies, sell those products, or distribute content, additional costs to redesign
technologies, products or our methods for distribution of content to meet such laws and
regulations, fines or other administrative, civil or criminal liability or actions by the agencies
charged with enforcing compliance and, possibly, damages awarded to persons claiming injury as the
result of our non-compliance. Changes in or enactment of new statutes, rules or regulations
applicable to us could have a material adverse effect on our business.
If we lose the services of our co-founder, CEO and Chairman R. Jordan Greenhall or other key
members of our senior management team, we may not be able to execute our business strategy.
Our future success depends in large part upon the continued services of key members of our
senior management team. In particular, our co-founder, CEO and Chairman R. Jordan Greenhall is
critical to the overall management of DivX as well as the development of our technology, our
culture and our strategic direction. All of our executive officers and key employees are at will
employees, and we do not maintain any key person life insurance policies. The loss of our
management or key personnel could seriously harm our ability to execute our business strategy. We
also may have to incur significant costs in identifying, hiring, training and retaining
replacements for key employees.
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We rely on highly skilled personnel, and if we are unable to retain or motivate key personnel or
hire qualified personnel, we may not be able to maintain our operations or grow effectively.
Our performance is largely dependent on the talents and efforts of highly skilled individuals.
These individuals have acquired specialized knowledge and skills with respect to us and our
operations. Our employment relationship with each of these individuals is on an at will basis and
can be terminated at any time. If any of these individuals or a group of individuals were to
terminate their employment unexpectedly, we could face substantial difficulty in hiring qualified
successors and could experience a loss in productivity while any such successor obtains the
necessary training and experience.
Our future success depends on our continuing ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate and
retain highly skilled personnel for all areas of our organization. In this regard, if we are unable
to hire and train a sufficient number of qualified employees for any reason, we may not be able to
implement our current initiatives or grow effectively. We have in the past maintained a rigorous,
highly selective and time-consuming hiring process. We believe that our approach to hiring has
significantly contributed to our success to date. However, our highly selective hiring process has
made it more difficult for us to hire a sufficient number of qualified employees, and, as we grow,
our hiring process may prevent us from hiring the personnel we need in a timely manner. Moreover,
the cost of living in the San Diego area, where our corporate headquarters are located, has been an
impediment to attracting new employees in the past, and we expect that this will continue to impair
our ability to attract and retain employees in the future. If we do not succeed in attracting
qualified personnel and retaining and motivating existing personnel, our ability to execute our
business strategy may suffer.
We have limited experience in identifying, completing and integrating acquisitions, and if we do
not successfully integrate any future acquisitions, we may incur unexpected costs and disruptions
to our business.
As part of our business strategy, we may acquire technologies and businesses that we believe
will contribute to our business. Although we evaluate possible acquisition of technologies and
businesses on an ongoing basis, we are not currently a party to any agreements or commitments with
respect to any such acquisitions. Future acquisitions, however, may entail numerous operational and
financial risks including:
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exposure to unknown liabilities;
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disruption of our business and diversion of our managements time and attention to
developing acquired products or technologies;
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incurrence of substantial debt or dilutive issuances of securities to pay for acquisitions;
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higher than expected acquisition and integration costs;
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increased amortization expenses;
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difficulty and cost in combining the operations and personnel of any acquired
businesses with our operations and personnel;
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impairment of relationships with key suppliers or customers of any acquired businesses
due to changes in management and ownership; and
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inability to retain key employees of any acquired businesses.
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We have very limited experience in identifying acquisition targets, successfully completing
acquisitions and integrating any acquired products, businesses or technologies into our current
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infrastructure. Moreover, we may devote resources to potential acquisitions that are never
completed or that fail to realize any of their anticipated benefits.
Our corporate culture has contributed to our success, and if we cannot maintain this culture as we
grow, we could lose the innovation, creativity and teamwork fostered by our culture.
We believe that a critical contributor to our success has been our corporate culture, which we
believe fosters innovation, creativity and teamwork. As our organization grows and we are required
to implement more complex organizational management structures, we may find it increasingly
difficult to maintain the beneficial aspects of our corporate culture. This could negatively impact
our future success.
Risks related to our finances
Our quarterly operating results and stock price may fluctuate significantly.
We expect our operating results to be subject to quarterly fluctuations. The revenues we
generate and our operating results and the market price of our common stock will be affected by
numerous factors, including:
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demand for our technologies and products;
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introduction, enhancement and market acceptance of technologies and products by us and
our competitors;
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price reductions by us or our competitors or changes in how technologies and products
are priced;
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the mix of technologies and products offered by us and our competitors;
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the mix of distribution channels through which our technologies and products are
licensed and sold;
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our ability to successfully generate revenues from advertising and content
distribution;
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the mix of international and United States revenues attributable to our technologies
and products;
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costs of intellectual property protection and any litigation;
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timing of payments received by us pursuant to our licensing agreements;
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our ability to hire and retain qualified personnel; and
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growth in the use of the Internet.
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As a result of the variances in quarterly volumes reported by our consumer hardware device
manufacturing customers, we expect our revenues to be subject to seasonality, with our second
quarter revenues expected to be lower than the revenues we derive in our other quarters. In
addition, a substantial majority of our quarterly revenues are based on actual shipment of products
incorporating our technologies in that quarter, and not on contractually agreed upon minimum
revenue commitments. Because the shipping of products by our consumer hardware and independent
software vendor partners are outside our control and difficult to predict, our ability to
accurately forecast quarterly revenue is substantially limited. Quarterly fluctuations in our
operating results may, in turn, cause the price of our stock to fluctuate substantially. We believe
that quarterly comparisons of our financial results are not necessarily meaningful and should not
be relied upon as an indication of our future performance.
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We have a history of net losses and only recently achieved profitability on a quarterly basis, and
we may not be able to sustain our profitability.
We incurred net losses from our inception through June 30, 2005. While we were profitable
during the fiscal years 2005 and 2006, as of March 31, 2007 we had an accumulated deficit of
approximately $1.7 million. We may not generate sufficient revenue to be profitable on a quarterly
or annual basis in the future. In addition, we devote significant resources to developing and
enhancing our technology and to selling, marketing and obtaining content for our technologies and
products. We expect our operating expenses to increase, as we, among other things:
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develop and grow Stage6.com;
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expand our domestic and international sales and marketing activities;
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increase our product development efforts to advance our existing technologies and
products and develop new technologies and products;
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hire additional personnel;
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upgrade our operational and financial systems, procedures and controls and plan for
compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; and
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continue to assume the responsibilities of being a public company.
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In addition, starting January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R),
Share-Based Payment
, which
required that we record stock-based compensation charges in connection with our equity compensation
for employees. As a result, we expect to record significant additional expenses in future periods
and we will need to generate significant revenue to be profitable in the future.
We may require additional capital, and raising additional funds by issuing securities, debt
financing or through strategic alliances or licensing arrangements may cause dilution to existing
stockholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish proprietary rights.
We may raise additional funds through public or private equity offerings, debt financings,
strategic alliances or licensing arrangements. To the extent that we raise additional capital by
issuing equity securities, our existing stockholders ownership will be diluted. Any debt financing
we enter into may involve covenants that restrict our operations. These restrictive covenants may
include limitations on additional borrowing, specific restrictions on the use of our assets as well
as prohibitions on our ability to create liens, pay dividends, redeem our stock or make
investments. In addition, if we raise additional funds through strategic alliances or licensing
arrangements, it may be necessary to relinquish potentially valuable rights to our potential
products or proprietary technologies, or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us.
Risks related to our intellectual property
We are, and may in the future be, subject to intellectual property rights claims, which are costly
to defend, could require us to pay damages and could limit our ability to use certain technologies
or content in the future.
Companies in the technology and entertainment industries own large numbers of patents,
copyrights, trademarks and trade secrets and they frequently commence litigation based on
allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights, including those
relating to digital media standards such as MPEG-4, H.264, MP3 and AAC or relating to video or
music content. We have faced such claims in the past, we currently face such claims, and we expect
to face similar claims in the future. For instance, we have been contacted by third parties
regarding the licensing of certain patents characterized by such parties as being essential to the
MPEG-4
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visual standard. In this regard, AT&T has offered to license us certain patents it claims are
essential to MPEG-4 and our products, and we are evaluating these claims. We have also been
contacted by LG Electronics regarding a license to certain patents that LG Electronics owns and
claims are related to the MPEG-4 visual standard. LG Electronics is one of our most significant
customers in consumer hardware technology licensing and any dispute with LG over intellectual
property rights could materially and adversely affect this important commercial relationship. In
the event we determine that we need to obtain a license from AT&T or any other third party, we
cannot guarantee that we would be able to obtain such license on commercially reasonable terms, if
at all. We may be required to develop non-infringing alternative technologies, which could be very
time consuming and expensive, and there is no guarantee that we would be successful in developing
such technologies. We have also been asked by content owners to stop the display or hosting of
copyrighted materials on our websites, including notices provided to us pursuant to the Digital
Millennium Copyright Act. For instance, Universal Music Group has asked us to remove content posted
by users of our website which it claims infringe its rights in such content. In addition, content
providers may claim that we are contributorily or vicariously liable for third parties use of our
technology or Stage6.com to infringe the content providers copyrights. For example, a lawsuit has
been filed against us and several other defendants by a video production company asserting claims
for copyright infringement and for related violations of federal and state law arising from the
allegedly unlawful sale, distribution and adaptation of certain video content over the Internet.
Users of our websites, including Stage6.com, are subject to terms of use that prohibit the posting
of content that violates third party intellectual property rights. We have and will promptly
respond to any takedown notices or complaints, including but not limited to those submitted
pursuant to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, that we are providing unauthorized access to
copyrighted content by removing such content and/or any links to such content from our websites.
Nevertheless, we cannot guarantee that our prompt removal of content, including removal pursuant to
the provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, will prevent disputes with content
providers, that infringing content will not exist on our websites, or that we will be able to
resolve any disputes that may arise with content providers or users regarding such infringing
content. Any intellectual property claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming,
expensive to litigate or settle and could divert management resources and attention. An adverse
determination could require that we pay damages, block access to certain content, or stop using
technologies found to be in violation of a third partys rights, and could prevent us from offering
our technologies, products or certain content to others. To avoid these restrictions, we may be
required to seek a license for the technology or content from additional third parties. Such
licenses may not be available on reasonable terms, could require us to pay significant royalties
and may significantly increase our cost of revenues. The technologies or content also may not be
available for license to us at all. As a result, we may be required to develop alternative
non-infringing technologies, or license alternative content, which could require significant effort
and expense. If we cannot license or develop technologies or content for any infringing aspects of
our business, we may be forced to limit our technology or content offerings and may be unable to
compete effectively with entities that offer such technology or content. In addition, from time to
time we engage in disputes regarding the licensing of our intellectual property rights, including
matters related to our royalty rates and other terms of our licensing arrangements. These types of
disputes can be asserted by our licensees or prospective licensees or by other third parties as
part of negotiations with us or in private actions seeking monetary damages or injunctive relief.
Any disputes with our licensees or potential licensees or other third parties could harm our
reputation and expose us to additional costs and other liabilities.
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We may be unable to adequately protect the proprietary rights in our technologies and products.
We have only one issued patent in the United States and no issued patents elsewhere, and we
generally do not rely upon patents to protect our proprietary rights. In addition, our ability to
obtain patent protection for our technologies and products will be limited as a result of the
incorporation of aspects of MPEG-4 and MP3 technologies into our technologies and products. We
license such technologies from third party licensors and do not own any patents relating to such
technologies. As a result, we do not have the right to defend perceived infringements of patents
relating to such technologies. Moreover, the licensors from which we have acquired the right to
incorporate MPEG-4 and MP3 technologies into our products are not the exclusive owners of the
patents relating to such technologies. As a result, our licensors must coordinate enforcement
efforts with the owners of such patents to protect or defend against infringements of patents
relating to such technology, which can be expensive, time consuming and difficult. Any significant
impairment of the intellectual property rights relating to the MPEG-4 or MP3 technologies we
license for use in our technologies and products could reduce the value of such technologies, which
could impair our ability to compete.
Our ability to compete partly depends on the superiority, uniqueness and value of our
technologies, including both internally developed technology and technology licensed from third
parties. To protect our proprietary rights, we rely on a combination of trademark, patent,
copyright and trade secret laws, confidentiality agreements with our employees and third parties,
and protective contractual provisions. Despite our efforts to protect our intellectual property,
any of the following occurrences may reduce the value of our intellectual property:
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our applications for trademarks or patents may not be granted and, if granted, may be
challenged or invalidated;
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issued patents, copyrights and trademarks may not provide us with any competitive
advantages;
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our efforts to protect our intellectual property rights may not be effective in
preventing misappropriation of our technology or dilution of our trademarks;
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our efforts may not prevent the development and design by others of products or
technologies similar to or competitive with, or superior to those that we develop; or
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another party may obtain a blocking patent that would force us to either obtain a
license or design around the patent to continue to offer the contested feature or service
in our technologies.
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Legislation may be passed that would require companies to share information about their
digital rights management technology to permit interoperability with other systems. If this
legislation is enacted, we may be required to reveal our proprietary digital rights management code
to competitors. Furthermore, if content must be formatted such that it can be played on a media
player other than a DivX Certified player, then the demand for DivX Certified players could
decrease.
We may be forced to litigate to defend our intellectual property rights or to defend against claims
by third parties against us relating to intellectual property rights.
Disputes regarding the ownership of technologies and rights associated with digital media
technologies and online businesses are common and likely to arise in the future. We may be forced
to litigate to enforce or defend our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets or
to
determine the validity and scope of other parties proprietary rights. Any such litigation
could be very costly and could distract our management from focusing on operating our business.
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Our ability to maintain and enforce our trademark rights has a large impact on our ability to
prevent third party infringement of our brand and technologies.
We generally rely on enforcing our trademark rights to prevent unauthorized use of our brand
and technologies. Our ability to prevent unauthorized uses of our brand and technologies would be
negatively impacted if our trademark registrations were overturned in the jurisdictions where we do
business. Our brand and logo are widely used by consumers and entities, both licensed and
unlicensed, in association with digital video compression technology, and if we are not vigilant in
preventing unauthorized or improper use of our trademarks, then our trademarks could become generic
and we would lose our ability to assert such trademarks against others. We also have trademark
applications pending in a number of jurisdictions that may not ultimately be granted, or if
granted, may be challenged or invalidated, in which case we would be unable to prevent unauthorized
use of our brand and logo in such jurisdiction. We have not filed trademark registrations in all
jurisdictions where our brand and logo are used.
Some software we provide may be subject to open source licenses, which may restrict how we use or
distribute our software or require that we release the source code of certain products subject to
those licenses.
Some of the products we support and some of our proprietary technologies incorporate open
source software such as open source MP3 codecs that may be subject to the Lesser Gnu Public License
or other open source licenses. The Lesser Gnu Public License and other open source licenses
typically require that source code subject to the license be released or made available to the
public. Such open source licenses typically mandate that software developed based on source code
that is subject to the open source license, or combined in specific ways with such open source
software, become subject to the open source license. We take steps to ensure that proprietary
software we do not wish to disclose is not combined with, or does not incorporate, open source
software in ways that would require such proprietary software to be subject to an open source
license. However, few courts have interpreted the Lesser Gnu Public License or other open source
licenses, and the manner in which these licenses may be interpreted and enforced is therefore
subject to some uncertainty. In addition, we rely on multiple software programmers to design our
proprietary products and technologies. Although we take steps to ensure that our programmers do not
include open source software in products and technologies we intend to keep proprietary, we do not
exercise complete control over the development efforts of our programmers and we cannot be certain
that our programmers have not incorporated open source software into products and technologies we
intend to keep proprietary. In the event that portions of our proprietary technology are determined
to be subject to an open source license, or are intentionally released under an open source
license, we could be required to publicly release the relevant portions of our source code, which
could reduce or eliminate our ability to commercialize our products and technologies.
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Risks related to the securities markets and investment in our common stock
Market volatility may affect our stock price and the value of your investment.
The market price for our common stock has been and is likely to continue to be volatile, in
part because our shares have only recently been traded publicly. In addition, the market price of
our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, most of which we
cannot control, including:
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announcements of new products, services or technologies, commercial relationships or
other events by us or our competitors;
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regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;
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fluctuations in stock market prices and trading volumes of similar companies;
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variations in our quarterly operating results;
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changes in securities analysts estimates of our financial performance;
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changes in accounting principles;
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sales of large blocks of our common stock, including sales by our executive officers,
directors and significant stockholders;
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additions or departures of key personnel; and
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discussion of us or our stock price by the financial press and in online investor
communities.
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Shares of our common stock are relatively illiquid.
As of April 30, 2007, we had 33,582,593 shares of common stock outstanding, excluding 370,259
shares subject to repurchase. As a result of our relatively small public float, our common stock
may be less liquid than the stock of companies with broader public ownership. Among other things,
trading of a relatively small volume of our common stock may have a greater impact on the trading
price for our shares than would be the case if our public float were larger.
Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition
of us, which may be beneficial to our stockholders, more difficult and may prevent attempts by our
stockholders to replace or remove our current management.
Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may delay or prevent an acquisition
of us or a change in our management. These provisions include a classified board of directors, a
prohibition on actions by written consent of our stockholders and the ability of our board of
directors to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval. In addition, because we are
incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law, which limits the ability of stockholders owning in excess of 15% of our
outstanding voting stock to merge or combine with us. Although we believe these provisions
collectively provide for an opportunity to obtain higher bids by requiring potential acquirors to
negotiate with our board of directors, they would apply even if an offer were considered beneficial
by some stockholders. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our
stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for
stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the
members of our management.
40
We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividend on our capital stock. We currently intend to
retain any future earnings and do not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.
We will incur increased costs as a result of changes in laws and regulations relating to corporate
governance matters.
Changes in the laws and regulations affecting public companies, including the provisions of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and rules adopted by the SEC and by The Nasdaq Stock Market, will result in
increased costs to us as we continue to evaluate the implications of these laws and respond to
their requirements. The impact of these laws and regulations could also make it more difficult for
us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees
or as executive officers. We are presently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to
these laws and regulations and cannot predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs
we may incur to respond to their requirements.
If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to produce accurate
financial statements could be impaired, which could adversely affect our ability to operate our
business and our stock price.
Ensuring that we have adequate internal financial and accounting controls and procedures in
place to help ensure that we can produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis is a
costly and time-consuming effort that needs to be re-evaluated frequently. We are in the process of
documenting, reviewing and, where appropriate, improving our internal controls and procedures in
preparation for compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires annual
management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and a
report by our independent auditors addressing these assessments. Both we and our independent
auditors will be testing our internal controls in connection with the Section 404 requirements and
could, as part of that documentation and testing, identify material weaknesses, significant
deficiencies or other areas for further attention or improvement. Our networks are vulnerable to
security risks and hacker attacks, which may affect our ability to maintain effective internal
controls as contemplated by Section 404. Implementing any appropriate changes to our internal
controls may require specific compliance training for our directors, officers and employees, entail
substantial costs to modify our existing accounting systems, and take a significant period of time
to complete. Such changes may not, however, be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our
internal controls, and any failure to maintain that adequacy, or consequent inability to produce
accurate financial statements on a timely basis, could increase our operating costs and could
materially impair our ability to operate our business. In addition, disclosure regarding our
internal controls or investors perceptions that our internal controls are inadequate or that we
are unable to produce accurate financial statements may adversely affect our stock price.
If our executive officers, directors and their affiliates choose to act together, they may be able
to control our operations and act in a manner that advances their best interests and not
necessarily those of other stockholders.
Our executive officers, directors and their affiliates beneficially own approximately 30.5%
of our common stock as of April 30, 2007. As a result, these stockholders, acting
together, are able to effectively control all matters requiring approval by our stockholders,
including the election of directors and the approval of mergers or other business combination
transactions. The interests of this group of stockholders may not always coincide with our
interests or the interests of other stockholders, and they may act in a manner that advances their
best interests and not necessarily those of other stockholders.
41
Future sales of our common stock may cause our stock price to decline.
As of April 30, 2007, there were 33,952,852 shares of our common stock outstanding. Excluding
370,259 shares subject to repurchase, substantially all of these shares became eligible for sale in
the public market upon expiration of lock-up agreements on March 20, 2007, although as of April 30,
2007, 12,465,360 of these shares were held by directors, executive officers and other affiliates and
will be subject to volume limitations under Rule 144. In addition, as of April 30, 2007 we had
outstanding warrants to purchase up to 458,656 shares of common stock that, if exercised, will
result in these additional shares becoming available for sale. A large portion of these shares and
warrants are held by a small number of persons and investment funds. Sales by these stockholders or
warrantholders of a substantial number of shares could significantly reduce the market price of our
common stock. Moreover, the holders of 11,312,034 shares of common stock at April 30, 2007 have
rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering the
shares they currently hold or may acquire upon exercise of the warrants, or to include these shares
in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or other stockholders.
We have registered all common stock that we may issue under our 2000 Stock Option Plan, our
2006 Equity Incentive Plan, or 2006 Plan, and our 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or 2006
Purchase Plan. As of April 30, 2007, an aggregate of approximately 8,618,376 shares of our common
stock were reserved for future issuance under these plans, and the share reserve under our 2006
Plan and our 2006 Purchase Plan are subject to automatic annual increases in accordance with the
terms of the plans. These shares can be freely sold in the public market upon issuance. If a large
number of these shares are sold in the public market, the sales could reduce the trading price of
our common stock and impede our ability to raise future capital.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
During the three months ended March 31, 2007, we issued and sold 120,204 shares of our common
stock that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, upon the net exercise
of warrants. These shares of common stock were issued in reliance upon the exemption from
registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and/or Regulation
D promulgated thereunder.
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Company
Pursuant to the terms of our 2000 Stock Option Plan, options may typically be exercised prior
to vesting. We have the right to repurchase unvested shares from our employees and consultants
upon their termination, and it is generally our policy to do so. The following table provides
information with respect to purchases made by us of our common stock during the three month period
ended March 31, 2007:
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Total Number
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Average Price
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Total Value
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of Shares
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Paid per
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Paid by
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Period
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Purchased (1)
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Share
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Company
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January 1, 2007 through March 31, 2007
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14,458
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$
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0.72
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$
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10,450
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(1)
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All shares were originally purchased from us by employees and consultants
pursuant to exercises of unvested stock options. During the months listed above, we routinely
repurchased the shares from our employees and consultants upon their termination of employment
pursuant to our right to repurchase unvested shares at the original exercise price under the
terms of our Stock Plans and the related stock option agreements.
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42
Item 6. Exhibits.
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Exhibit
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Number
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Description of Document
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3.1(1)
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Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation as currently in effect.
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3.2(1)
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Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws as currently in effect.
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4.1(1)
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Form of Common Stock Certificate.
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10.20+
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Summary of DivX, Inc. 2007 Cash Bonus Plan.
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31.1
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Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
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31.2
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Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
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32
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Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
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+
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Indicates management contract or compensatory plan
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(1)
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Incorporated by reference to the exhibit of the same number to the
Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-133855), originally filed on May 5,
2006.
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43
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
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DIVX, INC.
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Dated: May 15, 2007
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By:
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/s/ John A Tanner
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Name:
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John A. Tanner
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Title:
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CFO
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(Duly Authorized Officer
and Principal Financial Officer)
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44